Photo : CGTN

Trump signs an executive order on the sale of TikTok

China Reader Daily Wire | 26 September 2025, Friday | Vol 2 No. 196
CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Trump signs an executive order on the sale of TikTok
On 25 September, US President Donald Trump signed an executive order to sell Chinese-owned TikTok to US firms and other global investors that are not Chinese. The new US firm will be valued at USD14 billion, says the US Vice President JD Vance. While details of the deal are not out, Vance said: “There was some resistance on the Chinese side, but the fundamental thing that we wanted to accomplish is that we wanted to keep TikTok operating, but we also wanted to make sure that we protected Americans' data privacy as required by law.” The executive order signed by Trump notes that the algorithm will be monitored by the US companies and their security partner. Trump also informed that he talked with China’s President Xi Jinping and stated that he also approves of the plan. Trump said: “This is going to be American-operated all the way.” (“Trump signs order declaring TikTok sale ready and values it at $14 billion,” Reuters, 26 September 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
Chinese drone experts leave for Russia, reports Reuters  
On 25 September, Reuters reported on the finding by European security officials who informed that Chinese drone experts are flying to Russia to conduct technical development work on military drones. The state-owned Russian firm IEMZ Kupol has been visited by Chinese experts multiple times, and they have also received shipments of Chinese-made attack and surveillance drones.  Kupol had developed a new drone, the Garpiya-3, in China with the help of local specialists. Now the news agency is the first to report specific details of the extensive involvement of Chinese experts in tests and technological work on military-use drones inside Russia. (“Exclusive: Chinese drone experts worked with sanctioned Russian arms maker, sources say,” Reuters, 25 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Trump administration warns against Argentina-China currency swap
On 24 September, the Trump administration warned Argentina against the currency swap agreement with China and asked it to dismantle the provision. US officials asked Argentina to reduce their reliance on China and their credit lines. They noted the renewed swap agreement worth USD 18 billion, stating that this has long-term risks for Argentina’s sovereignty and creates an opportunity for China to expand its influence in South America. US President Donald Trump’s Latin America envoy Mauricio Claver-Carone described the swap as “extortionate” and warned that Washington would withhold support for Argentina’s loan request to the International Monetary Fund. (“Trump administration ties Argentina support to rollback of China credit line,” SCMP, 26 September 2025)

INTERNAL
China is cleaning its online presence of any negative posts, says an editorial in the BBC
On 26 September, an editorial in the BBC reported that the Chinese government regulates internet space. The piece noted actions by China’s Cyberspace Administration, which launched a two-month campaign to curb negative, exaggerated and pessimistic social media posts. The regulatory body noted that they want to rectify negative emotions and create a civilised online environment. Post like studying is useless or hard work is useless will be removed; they promote weariness. Currently, China faces economic and unemployment issues, which have mostly affected the youth, as they grapple with the fact that their livelihood will be worse than that of their parents. The editorial notes that while censorship is not new to China, it was largely limited to views or dissent against the party and its officials, but never censored the public's personal sentiments. The regulatory body has also warned the internet platforms like Wiebo, Alibaba and Wechat to regulate these platforms, as they want to clean China’s online presence. (“China launches campaign to keep killjoys off the internet,” BBC, 26 September 2025)

China unveils the world’s highest and longest mountain “Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge”
On 26 September, SCMP reported on the opening of the world’s highest suspension bridge in China, “the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge.” The bridge took three years to finish and will open to traffic in the mountainous southwestern province of Guizhou. This will cut travel time, which was initially two hours, to a few minutes. Guizhou is already home to almost half the world’s 100 tallest bridges, and the latest project rises 625m (2,050ft) from the river below to its bridge deck. The bridge crosses the Huajiang Grand Canyon – known as the “Earth’s crack” due to its incredibly deep and narrow gorge. The bridge is also the longest mountain bridge in the world, with a total length of 2,890m. (“World’s highest bridge to open to traffic in China’s mountainous southwest,” SCMP, 26 September 2025)

OUTER SPACE
Shenzhou-20 crew completes its fourth extravehicular activity
On 26 September, China’s Shenzhou-20 crew member completed their fourth round of extravehicular activities EVA, according to China Manned Space Agency (CMSA). They conducted six hours of EVA in coordination with the space robotic arms and ground researchers. CMSA said: “Taikonauts Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie have safely returned to the Wentian lab module, marking the full success of the mission.” They also said: “During the extravehicular activity, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie installed debris protection devices on the space station and carried out inspections of external equipment and facilities. This was the first time two taikonauts from China’s third taikonaut group jointly performed extravehicular operations. So far, the Shenzhou-20 crew has completed four extravehicular activities, making it one of the Chinese crews with the most spacewalks.” (“Shenzhou-20 crew successfully conduct fourth extravehicular activities,” Global Times, 26 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China’s Premier urge US delegates to improve US-China bilateral ties
On 25 September, China’s Premier Li Qiang met with the US businessmen and other civic leaders and urged them to improve their troubled relations as two economic powerhouses. He spoke to them on the sidelines of the UNGA meeting and stated that steady development in their relations requires both governments to move towards the same direction. Li also thanked the executive heads and other representatives from the US Chamber of Commerce for their support in building US-China relations. A Pew Research Centre survey held in April 2025 found that over three-quarters of Americans have a negative view of China. (“China’s Li Qiang urges US business leaders to help ease troubled trade relations,” SCMP, 26 September 2025)

China’s Ministry of Commerce initiated an anti-dumping investigation against Mexico and the US on the sale of pecans
On 25 September, China’s Ministry of Commerce announced that it will start an anti-dumping investigation into Carya illinoensis originating from Mexico and the US. Carya illinoensis, also known as Pecan, is found by the ministry is being sold to China at below normal price range, which has led to an increase in pecan imports and a decline in market prices. This, in turn, has harmed the prices of the domestic industry in China. China’s regulation on anti-dumping notes, “if MOFCOM has not received a written application for an anti-dumping investigation but has sufficient evidence of dumping, injury and a causal link between the two, it may decide to initiate an investigation.” The ministry said: “that given the low concentration of China's carya illinoensis industry and the large number of growers involved, the investigating authority, having obtained sufficient evidence to meet the requirements for initiating a case, has lawfully decided to launch the investigation on its own initiative.” (“MOFCOM launches anti-dumping probe into carya illinoensis from Mexico, US,” Global Times, 25 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 25 September 2025, Thursday | Vol 2 No. 195
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China to reduce its greenhouse emissions by 7-10 per cent, pledges Xi Jinping
On 25 September, the BBC reported that China’s President Xi Jinping announced China will reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 7-10 per cent by 2035. China is the world’s biggest source of planet-warming gases, and for the first time, they have committed to cutting emissions. This comes in light of the US rolling back plans to combat climate change, as US President Donald Trump calls it a con job and a hoax. The pledges are submitted every five years as part of the Paris Agreement. The UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said: “We absolutely need countries to come [...] with climate action plans that are fully aligned with 1.5 degrees, that cover the whole of their economies and the whole of their greenhouse gas emissions.” He also said: “It is essential that we have a drastic reduction of emissions in the next few years if you want to keep the 1.5 degrees Celsius limit alive.” (“China makes landmark pledge to cut its climate emissions,” BBC, 24 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Nepal Airlines Corporation to start direct flight to Guangzhou, China, reports Khabarhub
On 21 September, Khabarhub reported that Nepal Airlines Cooperation (NAC) will have direct commercial flights between Kathmandu and Guangzhou, China, from 25 September 2025. This is the national carrier of Nepal and marks the first time that NAC is operating direct flight service to China. NAC's Executive Chairman, Yubaraj Adhikari, confirmed that all technical preparations have been made to complete the necessary flight permission. Now the Nepal airline serves 11 international destinations across nine countries. The NAC noted that this not only increases their international operations but also contributes to Nepal’s national pride and supports their diplomatic tourism outreach. (“Kathmandu–Guangzhou direct flight to begin Thursday,” Khabarhub, 21 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Speculations that Iranian crude oil is being shipped through Indonesia to China, reports Bloomberg
On 24 September, Bloomberg reported on how China is importing more crude oil from Indonesia. In August, they imported 2.7 million tons of crude oil, which is equal to 630,000 barrels a day. Which is alarming, as Indonesia’s domestic production is 580,000 barrels a day. This mismatch showcases that some Iranian barrels are being routed to China through Indonesia. China has reported that they have not imported Iranian crude oil since mid-2022. The trade pattern involves a ship-to-ship transfer in Malaysia and a mid-voyage destination flip. (“China’s Surging Crude Imports from Indonesia Point to Iran Trade,” Bloomberg, 24 September 2025)

MARITIME
China is testing their uncrewed drone in the South China Sea, reports Navalnews
On 24 September, Navalnews reported that China is testing its underwater drones, which are bigger than the largest Western designs of the US. They are over 40 meters long and make the US Navy Orca XLUUV look small. They were first reported as submarines, which have been clarified as drone submarines that are uncrewed and are being tested in the South China. The two uncrewed submarines are being tested in the waters of Hainan in the South China Sea. hey are temporarily based in Gangmen Harbour, west of the main naval base at Sanya. This is where China’s nuclear submarines, aircraft carriers and other uncrewed vehicles have been observed. (“China Moves Two Super-Sized ‘XXL’ Uncrewed Submarines To South China Sea,” Navalnews, 24 September 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
Chinese solar panels are building Africa’s energy grid, finds Oxford Economic Study
On 25 September, SCMP reported on a finding by the Oxford Economic Study showing how Africa has welcomed 9,516 megawatts worth of Chinese-made solar panels in 2025. This showcases how Africa is turning towards solar energy for homes and businesses, a way to connect to the main power grid and to combat power blackouts. Oxford Economics notes that imports are a useful measure of Africa’s increasing solar capacity, given China’s dominance in global production of the technology. The investments are largely made in South Africa, Algeria and Nigeria. PowerChina is building the 342MW De Aar Central Solar Power Plant in South Africa. (“Chinese solar panels rewire Africa for the future at record pace as costs fall,” SCMP, 25 September 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
China calls for lasting resolution for Palestine at the UN
On 23 September, the Chinese envoy to the UN called to resolve the Palestinian question. China's deputy permanent representative to the United Nations, Geng Shuang, noted that the Palestinian question remains central to the Middle East. He said: “The mounting conflicts and volatility in the Middle East have worsened the global security environment, dampened the economic outlook for the world, and run counter to the common interests of the international community, “and that “It is therefore imperative to accord this issue the utmost importance and accelerate its resolution.” (“China calls for accelerated resolution of Palestinian question,” CGTN, 24 September 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
BYD sells the most EVs in the EU, reports Reuters
On 25 September, Reuters reported that Chinese EV maker BYD sold three times as many new cars in the European Union as in August 2024. They have surpassed the US competitor Tesla for a second month. Stellantis (STLAM.MI), opens new tab returned to sales growth in Europe for the first time in over a year, as the overall market expanded with a boost from plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and battery-electric (BEV) sales. The sales in the European Union, Britain and the European Free Trade Association increased by 4.7 per cent, which is 0.8 million car sales in August. (“BYD outsells Tesla in EU for second month, Stellantis returns to sales growth,” Reuters, 24 September 2025)

CHINA & AMERICAS
US posts in India are the counterbalance to China in the Indo-Pacific, says the US State Department
On 23 September, the US State Department reports that India remains the democratic counterweight to China in the Indo-Pacific region. They dismissed the trade tensions between the US and India, which changes the position of India's importance and influence in the region under the Trump administration. They noted that they still see India as a critical partner in the Indo-Pacific, adding that the ties with India are strong. This statement comes in light of the hefty US tariff of 50 per cent on India, as to how that might have deteriorated the relations between the two countries. The US also claims that it resolved the India-Pakistan war, which is refuted by India. (“US reaffirms India as counterweight to China despite trade rifts, Pakistan concerns,” SCMP, 25 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 24 September 2025, Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 194
EXTERNAL
China to let go of the Special and Differential Treatment benefits in the WTO
On 23 September, China announced that it will forgo any special benefits it gains from its developing country status at the World Trade Organization. China’s Premier Li Qiang made this announcement, stating that this country no longer seeks access to Special and Differential Treatment. WTO Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala said: “This is a culmination of many years of hard work, and I want to applaud China's leadership on this issue.” The US earlier argued that there can be no meaningful WTO reform until countries like China and other major economies relinquish their SDT titles and grants. Countries like China and Saudi Arabia, under the SDT, can set higher tariffs and even get subsidies. (“China to forego Special and Differential Treatment in future WTO negotiations,” The Straits Times, 24 September 2025)

INTERNAL
China detains citizens over support for Tibetan rights, reports The Straits Times
On 23 September, The Straits Times reported that a Chinese student activist who supported Tibetan rights was detained for two months on charges of inciting separatism. Zhang Yadi, 22, also known as Tara, has been missing since last July and is believed to be held at a detention center in Changsha, in Hunan, according to the Human Rights Watch. The charge carries a maximum sentence of 15 years and is rarely used against the Han Chinese ethnic majority like Zhang. The charge of inciting separatism was widely used to convict ethnic Uighurs and Tibetans during prolonged security crackdowns in both regions in recent years, rights groups say, in some cases for travelling abroad or practicing their religion. (“China detains student for Tibet activism, rights group says,” The Straits Times, 23 September 2025)

China’s President attends Xinjiang anniversary celebration for the first time
On 23 September, China’s President Xi Jinping arrived in Urumqi, Xinjiang, marking the 70^th anniversary of the region. He is the first national leader to arrive and be part of this celebration. He was accompanied by Wang Huning, China’s fourth-ranking official and chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, and Cai Xi, the president’s chief of staff and China’s No. 5 official. Xinhua noted that this fully demonstrates how the party leadership attached importance to Xinjiang and its ethnic groups. Xi Jinping extended heartfelt wishes and greeted the people of Xinjiang. He called for “concerted efforts to better build a beautiful Xinjiang in the process of Chinese modernization.” (“Xi Jinping is first Chinese president to attend Xinjiang anniversary celebration,” SCMP, 23 September 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
CAC accuses ByteDance and Alibaba of displaying harmful content
On 23 September, the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) informed that they will take action against Byte Dance and Alibaba over displaying harmful content. China’s top internet regulator informed that they would combat malicious incitement of conflict content. They will moderate any content that is vulgar, pornographic, and harmful. CAC already announced its penalties against the Weibo and Kuaishou app. They said: “summoning the company for a meeting, ordering rectification within a specified time limit, issuing a warning, and strictly dealing with those responsible.” And that “Internet regulators will continue to focus on prominent illegal and non-compliant activities that undermine the online ecosystem.” (“China penalises ByteDance and Alibaba platforms in content crackdown,” The Straits Times, 23 September 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China cautions Japan against building laser weapons, reports SCMP
On 24 September, SCMP reported that the Chinese military warned Japan against building its laser weapons plan. Japan plans to develop road-mobile laser weapons and even ship systems capable of intercepting unmanned aerial vehicles. The PLA Daily noted that this should be developed with caution. Recently, laser weapons have been developed as a countermeasure to the rapidly evolving drones used in warfare. Japan’s Self-Defence Force showcased its truck-mounted laser with 10kW output power. Japan’s Ministry of National Defense also allocated USD 120 million budget for the development of weapons. The Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force (JMSDF) is building two large Aegis System-Equipped Vessels (ASEVs)(“China criticises Japan’s laser weapon plans as threat to regional stability,” SCMP, 24 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China’s natural reserve in the Scarborough Shoal is a boon or bane for other stakeholders, according to an opinion in SCMP
On 24 September, SCMP published an opinion titled “What the Scarborough nature reserve plan means for South China Sea.” The op-ed investigated China’s plans to establish a natural reserve at the Scarborough Shoal, as it is being contested by the Philippines. China’s State Council announced plans by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, as they look to cover some 3,500 hectares of reefs and waters as core and experimental zones. China claims that this is part of its efforts to protect the biodiversity in the region, while the Philippines lodged a diplomatic protest, describing this as an encroachment of its exclusive economic zone. The US also sided with the Philippines and condemned China’s destabilizing plans and coercive attempts. The op-ed notes that this will lead to China increasing its routine patrols in the region and further strengthening its claims. They also note that this can create common ground for dialogue through environmental stewardship. (“Opinion | What Scarborough nature reserve plan means for South China Sea,” SCMP, 24 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Pakistan eyeing Chinese laser weapon, reports SCMP
On 23 September, SCMP reported on Pakistan looking to get Chinese laser weapons. President of the National Institute of Maritime Affairs, Ahmed Saeed, said: “In the coming days, high-energy directed weapons will be more prominent… I think the world is going towards this transition. Pakistan would love to see some integration [with China] into this area.” He made these comments during the annual Xiangshan Forum, where they displayed China’s LY-1 shipborne lasers marking the 80^th anniversary of the victory over Japan. The weapon is used to shoot down drones using lasers or microwaves. Saeed stated that Pakistan wants more of integrated weapon’s systems that will have a software system and to boost their interoperability with China. Saeed said: “This could pave the way for more integrated weapons purchases in the future. The integration could be of your hardware, software, so that the [defence system’s] interoperability could increase.” (“Pakistan interested in Chinese laser weapons, former navy commander says,” SCMP, 23 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Canadian Prime Minister informs of holding constructive trade talks with China’s Premier
On 24 September, Canada’s Prime Minister Mark Carney informed that he had constructive talks with the Chinese Premier Li Qiang, and he expects the dialogue to deepen over time. This comes after tensions between the two countries after Canada imposed tariffs on Chinese-made EVs, steel, and aluminum. Carney said: “There is some alignment of tariffs with the United States, and I will highlight particularly in the steel sector, where we've been very clear in the approach that we have taken, and we had an open discussion with the Premier and our Chinese colleagues about that and the reasons for that.” Both leaders also discussed the trade of agricultural goods, like canola, seafood, and EVs. (“Canadian PM expects 'constructive' trade talks with China to deepen,” The Straits Times, 24 September 2025)
 
China Reader Daily Wire | 23 September 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 193
MARITIME
China’s J32 stealth jet launched from the Fujian aircraft carrier, reports SCMP
On 22 September, SCMP reported on China’s third aircraft carrier, Fujian, which used its advanced electromagnetic Catapults to launch J-15T fighters, fifth-generation J-35 stealth jets, and carrier-based KJ-600 early warning and control aircraft. China’s J-35 is the world’s second-largest carrier-based stealth fighter after Lockheed Martin’s F-35 series. This is the first time the aircraft has been taken off from such a vessel. The report on the same noted “This means that Fujian has attained electromagnetic catapult and recovery capabilities, representing another breakthrough in China’s aircraft carrier development and a milestone in the transformation of the navy.” Fujian is the first aircraft carrier designed entirely by China and is the largest conventionally powered warship in the world. CCTV reported that “Since its first sea trial in May 2024, the aircraft carrier Fujian has been conducting various maritime tests in an orderly manner according to schedule, smoothly advancing the commissioning of onboard systems and equipment as well as testing overall operational stability.” (“Landmark launch for China’s J-35 stealth jet from Fujian aircraft carrier,” SCMP, 22 September 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
China’s exports to Africa increased by 25 per cent amid tariff tension with the US
On 22 September, China’s Administration of Customs reported that exports to Africa reached USD 140.8 billion, which is four times more than those from other regions. This is noted in light of the tariff tensions, which have led China to find alternative routes to export, which have grown by 25 per cent in the first eight months of 2025. Concurrently, China’s shipments to the US fell by 15.5 per cent with the tariff imposition. As the exports grew with Africa, so did the trade deficit, reaching USD 59.55 billion. Africa’s export to China grew by 2.3 per cent, reaching USD 81.25 billion. Africa exports raw materials, commodities, and agricultural goods. China exports high-value manufactured goods, machinery, electronics, and technology parts. (“China’s exports to Africa up by 25% as Trump’s tariffs bite hard,” SCMP, 22 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Chinese buyers booked 10 soybean cargoes from Argentina, reports Reuters
On 23 September, Reuters reported that Chinese buyers have booked 10 cargoes of soybeans from Argentina, taking advantage of the lower prices amid US-China trade tensions. This comes after Argentina removed export taxes on grains and their by-products, which include soy. The analyst believes the US farmers are missing out on billions of dollars of soybean sales to China halfway through their prime marketing season, as protracted trade talks halt exports and rival South American suppliers led by Brazil step in to fill the gap. (“Exclusive: Chinese buyers book at least 10 Argentine soybean cargoes, sources say,” Reuters, 23 September 2025)

INTERNAL
China calls to create its own IR knowledge away from Western ideas, says an editorial in People’s Daily
On 23 September, People’s Daily published an article calling on China to develop its own international relations knowledge rooted in history and geopolitical risks. The piece noted that this will more effectively explain China’s foreign policy and the global world order. This proposal was made by the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and its Dean of the School of Public Policy, Zheng Yongnian, who called for strategic intellectual autonomy in China to enhance its global influence. He proposed, and SCMP notes a China-centric knowledge system aligns closely with Beijing’s recently introduced Global Governance Initiative (GGI), which advocates for a multipolar and inclusive global order emphasizing sovereign equality, shared development, and multilateral cooperation. He states that for too long, China’s role within international relations has been viewed through a Western lens. He said: “Western international relations theories are built on the diplomatic practices of Western countries. They explain Western experience but cannot account for China’.” And that “Clearly, China’s experience in international relations differs from that of the West. There is no universal theory that fits all countries, nor one that can be applied wholesale.” (“China urged to create unique foreign relations knowledge system, reject Western concepts,” SCMP, 23 September 2025)

China issues a red alert triggered by Typhoon Ragsa
On 23 September, China’s National Marine Environmental Forecasting Centre issued a red alert, as both storm and high waves are predicted in the coastal waters of Guangdong, where over 10 cities in the region have suspended work for precaution. They noted that this was triggered by Typhoon Ragsa. The alert said: “Coastal waters of Guangdong will face huge to extremely rough waves (4-7 meters) under a red wave warning, southern Fujian’s coastal waters will have rough to huge waves (2.5-4 meters) with a yellow wave warning, and coastal areas in northern Fujian, southern Zhejiang, and eastern Hainan will see moderate to rough waves (2-3.4 meters) under a blue wave warning.” (“China issues red alerts for high waves and storm surges as Typhoon ‘Ragasa’ approaches,” Global Times, 23 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Brazil’s President meets TikTok Chief to discuss building a data center
On 22 September, Brazil’s President Luiz Inacio Lula Da Silva met with TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew to discuss their plan for a multi-billion-dollar data center. It is estimated that the investment by TikTok can be of USD 10.29 billion, making it one of the largest technological infrastructure projects in Brazil. The parent company of TikTok, ByteDance, has been negotiating to build a hyperscale data center campus in Ceará, Brazil. The area is sought after due to its abundance of renewable power. Brazil’s Energy Minister Alexandre Silveira stated that he is very confident that Ceará will receive good news. This initiative has seen massive opposition, especially from the indigenous communities, as the land is part of theirs and their right to consultation was bypassed. (“Lula meets TikTok chief to push $10 billion Brazil data centre amid regulatory tensions,” SCMP, 23 September 2025)

China’s Defense Minister meets the US Congress delegation as he calls for cooperation, reports SCMP
On 22 September, SCMP reported a meeting between China’s Defense Minister and the US Congress delegation. Minister Dong Jun called for constructive and pragmatic measures to improve their relations. The US delegation met with Dong and Vice-Premier He Lifeng. Dong said: “I hope you members of Congress can exclude disruptive measures and take constructive and pragmatic measures to contribute to the improvement of relations between the two militaries and promote US and Chinese cooperation.” He also said: “The two sides should smooth military communication channels, and push bilateral military relations towards stable, healthy and sustainable development with concrete actions.” (“Chinese defence minister urges US Congress visitors to promote ‘constructive’ cooperation,” SCMP, 22 September 2025)
 
China Reader Daily Wire | 22 September 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 192
OUTERSPACE
China reports landslides on the moon after moonquakes
On 21 September, the SCMP reported on China's report of active landslides on the moon triggered by moonquakes. The researchers from Sun Yat‐sen University, Fuzhou University, and Shanghai Normal University published their findings and noted that this will help to select more stable sites for the lunar bases. The report noted, “While moonquakes were detected during the Apollo missions, conventional geological wisdom posited that lunar endogenic activity had essentially ceased, leaving geological hazard assessments of lunar seismicity largely unexplored.” They detected 41 new landslides on the moon since 2009. (“Chinese team finds lunar landslides taking place, triggered by moonquakes,” SCMP, 21 September 2025)

INTERNAL
China Tower’s former Chief under anti-corruption investigation, reports SCMP
On 21 September, SCMP reported that the former Chairman of Hong Kong telecommunication giant “China Tower”, Chief Tong Jilu, is under anti-corruption investigation. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) informed that Tong is suspected of serious violations of law and discipline. He has been out of contact since the end of May. His case is also expected to be related to China’s International Capital Corp’s Chairman Ding Wei, the firm was China’s largest brokers. Tong’s firm has been the key driver behind China’s 5G drive. Currently, the firm has 2.119 million towers and has a revenue of RMB 37.8 billion. (“Former China Tower chief Tong Jilu under corruption investigation by Communist Party watchdog,” SCMP, 21 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
US lawmakers' delegation visits China to ease trade tensions
On 21 September, a US delegation made a rare visit to China and met with China’s Premier Li Qiang, aimed to break the ice between the two countries over trade tensions. This was the first trip by the US House of Representatives since the outbreak of COVID-19. Since then, the relation between the two countries rapidly deteriorated. The meeting comes after the US and China have agreed on a deal over TikTok divestments, and a telephone conversation was held between US President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping. Li Qiang noted that the trip will further their bilateral ties. Democratic US Representative Adam Smith said: “We can both acknowledge that both China and the U.S. have work to do to strengthen that relationship, which should not be, what, seven, six years between visits from the U.S. House of Representatives.” (“US House lawmakers make rare China visit to stabilise ties,” Reuters, 22 September 2025)

INTERNAL
Chinese Covid-19 whistleblower imprisoned for four more years, reports Reuters
On 21 September, Reuters reported that the Chinese whistleblower who documented the early phases of COVID-19 outbreak was sentenced to four more years in jail. The journalist, Zhang Zhan, 42, is charged with picking quarrels and provoking trouble in China. She was responsible for posting the spread of Covid in Wuhan. RSF Asia-Pacific advocacy manager Aleksandra Bielakowska said: “She should be celebrated globally as an 'information hero', not trapped in brutal prison conditions,” and that “Her ordeal and persecution must end. It is more urgent than ever for the international diplomatic community to pressure Beijing for her immediate release.” (“Chinese COVID whistleblower sentenced to 4 more years in jail, group says,” Reuters, 21 September 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
CAC warns Weibo and Kuaishou to regulate their online platforms
On 20 September, the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) issued a warning against the live streaming platform Kuaishou and Weibo for failing to manage content management and imposed disciplinary actions. Representatives of the firms will be summoned and will be ordered to rectify their mistakes in the stipulated time frame. The CAC noted that both firms failed to fulfill their core responsibility of managing their content and showcased problematic entries. Both firms noted that they take this matter very seriously and sincerely accept the criticism and suggestion by the authorities. (“China’s internet regulator warns Kuaishou, Weibo over content violations,” The Straits Times, 21 September 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
“We are determined to defend freedom and democracy and a sustainable Taiwan,” says Taiwan’s President
On 20 September, Taiwan’s President Lai Ching-te expressed that they are determined to defend themselves and that the public should not believe in claims of surrendering in the event of invasion. He noted Taiwan’s efforts to boost its war preparedness and noted in the Taiwan’s civil defense handbook. Lai said: “More importantly, we tell everyone, ‘In the event of a military invasion of Taiwan, any claim that the government has surrendered or that the island has been defeated is false’.”  And that “As commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the Republic of China, I want to tell my fellow citizens and the international community that this is Taiwan’s position.”(“ Taiwan determined to defend itself, President Lai says, capping week of defence events,” The Straits Times, 20 September 2024)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China’s export to North Korea fell by 13.4 per cent, reports The Straits Times
On 20 September, The Straits Times reported that China’s exports to North Korea had recorded a first-time decline in 2025. The shipments totaled USD 147.8 Million, which is a 0.05 per cent low from last year, notes China’s General Administration of Customs. The exports fell by 13.4 per cent. China is North Korea's largest trading partner, and Pyongyang faces international sanctions. Key Chinese exports to the isolated country in August included processed hair and wool for wig-making, soybean oil, and petroleum bitumen. (“China’s exports to North Korea see first year-on-year decline of 2025,” The Straits Times, 20 September 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Serbia showcases China-made military equipment in a parade, reports SCMP
On 20 September, Serbia showcased its China made air defense missile at the military parade. The “Power of Military” parade passed the Palace of Serbia, and was attended by 10,000 personnel, and 2,500 military equipment’s was showcased.  Serbia’s Ministry of National Defense said: “a selection of state-of-the-art weaponry and military equipment in service with the Serbian armed forces.” It marked the first time that the Chinese-made air defence missile systems FK-3 – an export variant of China’s HQ-22 medium-to-long range system – and the HQ-17AE short-range missile system had made an appearance together in Serbia. Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic said: “This is the survival and victory of Serbia, which wants peace and prosperity and knows how to preserve its dignity, territory and future.” (“Serbia shows off Chinese missiles in military parade amid high European tensions,” SCMP,  21 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 20 September 2025, Saturday | Vol 2 No. 191
DEFENSE
China held its Changchun Air Show 2025
On 19 September, China held its Changchun Air Show 2025, which is an Air Force aviation open-day event, held at Changchun, Jilin Province. The event showcased both active and retired Air Force equipment. For the first time in an airshow, China’s J-20 stealth fighters were displayed alongside the twin-seat J-20s. Some other highlights were the bomber formation of the KJ-500 warning aircraft, J-6 Bombers showcasing the parachute delivery operations. The Y-20 transport aircraft also opens its cargo bay to the public for the first time. There were also interactive flight stimulations and drone operations. (“Changchun Air Show: Cutting-edge aircraft, unmanned systems on display,” CGTN, 19 September 2025)

CHINA & THE PACIFIC
China urges PNG not to sign the defense treaty with Australia, reports ABC News
On 19 September, ABC News reported that the Chinese embassy in Papua New Guinea is urging them not to sign any deal that will exclude or restrict third parties from cooperating with them. This comes to light as Australis is working towards signing a defense treaty with PNG. China is one of PNG's largest trading partners, and a deal with Australia will affect their relationship with China. The proposed Pukpuk Treaty will formally establish Australia as a military ally of PNG, committing both parties to defend each other in the event of a military attack. The treaty also notes that any activities by a third country should not compromise the treaty. China’s Embassy in PNG posted on social media and said: “Nor should it restrict or prevents [sic] a sovereign country from cooperating with a third party for any reason. It should also refrain from targeting any third party or undermining its legitimate rights and interests.” (“China urges Papua New Guinea not to exclude other countries after it signed 'Pukpuk' communique with Australia,” ABC, 19 September 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
China and Estonia sign an agreement on the trade of dairy and aquatic products
On 18 September, China and Estonia signed protocols on the export of Estonian wild aquatic and dairy products. The deal was signed between Estonia’s Minister of Regional Affairs and Agriculture, Hendrik Johannes Trass, and China’s General Administration of Customs, Deputy Administrator, Zhao Zenglian. They signed the “Protocol on Inspection and Sanitary Requirements for Wild Aquatic Products to be Exported from Estonia to China and the Protocol on Inspection and Quarantine Requirements for Dairy Products Exported from Estonia to China in Tallinn.” And noted “The signing of these protocols is set to lay a solid foundation for enhancing bilateral trade and practical cooperation in the aquatic and dairy sectors between China and Estonia.” China’s Ambassador to Estonia Guo Xiame i noted the steady growth in trade between the two countries and the other intergovernmental agreements on economic and trade cooperation. (“China, Estonia sign protocols on wild aquatic products, dairy exports,” Global Times, 20 September 2025)

INTERNAL
China’s initiatives for women's empowerment, report by the State Council Information Office
On 19 September, the State Council Information Office released a White Paper, “China's Achievements in Women's Well-Rounded Development in the New Era.” The paper looked into the Global Leader Meeting on Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment. It noted China’s Philosophy on promoting gender equality and the well-rounded development of women, as well as noting the outstanding achievements by women. They noted “the pursuit of gender equality is a great cause, the white paper emphasized that Chinese women have never before enjoyed such tremendous opportunities to realize their full potential and achieve their dreams, and the cause of Chinese women has never before borne witness to such broad prospects for development.” They noted how China has increased financial support for women in poverty, with USD 63.7 billion allocated for microloans.  They noted, “As of 2020, training programs had been organized for a total of 10.21 million impoverished women and female technicians. From 2023 to 2024, the Rain and Dew Program sponsored 632,000 women to receive vocational education, allowing them to continue their march out of poverty.”

ARCTIC
Chinese shipping companies explore Arctic trade routes, reports an editorial in SCMP
On 19 September, an editorial in SCMP reported on Chinese firms ramping up their mission to explore the Arctic routes. This is aimed at finding alternatives to traditional shipping chokepoints and cutting the transit time to Europe; this can be seen in light of the US tariffs and the importance of the European region for China. A Chinese shipping company, SeaLegend Line, dispatched its first Arctic express vessel, “Istanbul Bridge” from Qingdao in Shandong province. They are expected to arrive in Gdansk, Poland, by 16 October 2025. This is the first dedicated service on the Arctic route aimed at serving cross-border commerce and trade. This is a smaller vessel and now offers a shorter transit time. New New Shipping Chairwoman Fan Yuxin said: “The Arctic route cuts voyage distance by 43 per cent compared to traditional routes by reducing detours,” and that “It also expands China’s shipping options and enhances China’s voice and influence in global shipping.” (“Express to Europe: another Chinese shipping company launches Arctic route,” SCMP, 19 September 2025)

DEFENSE
China envisions to build drone based counter swarm system, reports an editorial in SCMP
On 19 September, an editorial in SCMP looked at the Chinese navy constructing its plan to build a multilayers defense architecture to protect its warships. This will be done by using thousands of low-cost drones, as they respond to the existential threat of accessibility. The “counter-swarm system” will be like a Great Wall of the digital age, which will also have offensive capabilities like Hypersonic weapons, laser, and microwave beams. A paper published “Constructing Naval Counter-Swarm Systems: A Framework for Future Warfare,” suggests that this tactic can overwhelm traditional warfare through stealth superiority. (“China plans to build a naval ‘Great Wall’ to fend off thousand-drone swarm attack,” SCMP, 19 September 2025)  

CHINA & EUROPE
Europe to sanction Chinese firms for buying oil from Russia, reports SCMP
On 19 September, SCMP reported that the European Commission will be sanctioning Chinese companies involved in buying Russian oil. ” European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said: “We are now going after those who fuelled Russia’s war by purchasing oil in breach of the sanctions. We [will] target refineries, oil traders, petrochemical companies in third countries, including China.” This is the 19^th package of sanctions since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Ursula noted that in these three years, Europe’s revenue from Russian oil has gone down by 90 per cent. She said: “These new sanctions will also squeeze Russia’s access to technologies, including AI and geospatial data, as well as critical resources that feed weapons production. This includes those received from foreign suppliers, including China and India.” (“Europe targets Chinese buyers of Russian oil in fresh round of proposed sanctions,” SCMP, 19 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Xi and Trump hold a telephone call to discuss tariffs, trade, and TikTok
On 19 September, China’s President Xi Jinping and the US President Donald Trump held a telephonic conversation. During which both leaders affirmed to achieve mutual success and shared prosperity. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement and said: “The two presidents had a candid and in-depth exchange of views on the current state of China-US relations and other issues of mutual interest, and provided strategic guidance for the steady development of China-US relations going forward. The conversation was pragmatic, positive and constructive.” Xi noted the importance of US-China relations, where they can help each other to succeed and prosper. Trump also noted the importance of their bilateral relations. Xi expressed that US should refrain from imposing unilateral tariffs, and that the Chinese government respects the wishes of the company when it comes to the TikTok deal. (“Xi and Trump hold pragmatic, positive, constructive phone talks,” Global Times, 20 September 2025)
 
China Reader Daily Wire | 18 September 2025, Thursday | Vol 2 No. 189
DEFENSE
China holds its 12th Beijing Xiangshan Forum
On 17 September, China held the 12th Beijing Xiangshan Forum under the theme “Upholding International Order and Promoting Peaceful Development.” The year’s forum has participants from 100 countries. The forum was first launched in 2006 by the China Association for Military Science. China’s Minister of Defense Dong Jun addressed the gathering as he pledged to further the efforts to safeguard world peace. He said: “The Chinese military is willing to work with all parties to uphold security with concrete actions, enhance military mutual trust, step up multilateral coordination, and promote high-quality and efficient cooperation while improving related mechanisms, to make greater contributions to safeguarding world peace and building a community with a shared future for humanity.” (“Dong Jun addresses Xiangshan Forum, as it happened – China a force for peace,” SCMP, 18 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
TikTok’s operations to continue in America
On 16 September, US President Donald Trump announced that an agreement had been reached between China and the US to keep TikTok's operations open. Trump said: “We have a deal on TikTok ... We have a group of very big companies that want to buy it.” The deal came after the meeting between delegations of the US and China in Madrid, discussing the trade tensions. The announcement came a day before the 17 September deadline to decide the fate of TikTok. The White House has declined to provide any details on the deal with China. The deadline was extended to 16 December, which will give ByteDance more time to finalize an agreement and transfer TikTok to American ownership. The US entity will have an America-dominated board. The deal is said to be similar to the April one, where ByteDance will keep its single largest ownership at 19.9 per cent, and the consortium that holds the other 80 per cent will have new investors from America. (“TikTok lives: US, China in deal for app to keep operating in US,” Reuters, 17 September 2025)

Nvidia unhappy over Chinese firms halting their chip order, reports BBC
On 18 September, the BBC reported on Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang being disappointed that China ordered its top firms to halt their Nvidia chip purchase. He noted that Nvidia wants to make sure that people can access this technology all over the world. He noted Trump’s stance and expressed that he wants America to win, and Xi wants China to win, and it is possible that both can win. China's Cyberspace Administration asked its tech companies to stop using Nvidia chips that have been specifically manufactured for China. China accused Nvidia of violating Chinese anti-monopoly law. Big firms like DeepSeek, Tencent, and Alibaba had orders from Nvidia. (“Nvidia boss 'disappointed' by reported China chip ban,” BBC, 18 September 2025)

INTERNAL
China’s youth unemployment increases to 18.9 per cent, reports NBS
On 18 September, SCMP reported that China’s urban youth unemployment rose to the highest level since 2023. The jobless rate for the age of 16-24 increased 18.9 per cent from August's 17.8 percent, finds the National Bureau of Statistics. When the jobless rate rose to 21.3 per cent in 2023, the government stopped releasing its data every five months. 12.2 million students graduated this year, and they have been struggling to find positions. This is understood to be due to a strained job market facing deflationary pressure and other external uncertainties. (“China’s youth unemployment soars to 2-year high as job crunch deepens,” SCMP, 18 September 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Huawei unveils that it can make its own computing power without Nvidia chips, reports SCMP
On 18 September, SCMP reported that Huawei Technologies has unveiled that it no longer requires the computing power of Nvidia chips. This means China can finally free itself from dependence on the American supply of chips as it builds its own AI. Huawei’s Deputy Chairman, Xu Zhijun, said: “Huawei is seeking to build a ‘supernode + cluster’ computing solution using chip manufacturing processes available in China to meet the growing compute needs.” The firm announced that they built the world’s most powerful spuernode computing clusters using a local chipmaking process. This comes in light of the Chinese cyber regulators asking their firms to refrain from buying chips from Nvidia. (“Tech war: Huawei trumpets AI computing breakthrough for China ahead of Xi-Trump call,” SCMP, 18 September 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China and Singapore's officials meet, affirming dense ties
On 17 September, Singapore Defence Minister Chan Chun Sing met China’s military official General Zhang Youxi, affirming defense ties between the two countries. Singapore’s Ministry of Defense noted that both leaders affirmed their longstanding warm and friendly ties between the two countries. They also affirmed that they will continue their frequent military-to-military interactions to strengthen people-to-people ties. Chan posted on social media where he said: “Singapore will continue to consistently uphold our principles, remain a reliable and relevant partner, and work with China and others to maintain regional peace and stability,” and that “Amidst an increasingly fragmented, uncertain and insecure global environment, it is important to keep communication channels open, seek opportunities for cooperation, and take practical measures to manage risks.” (“Chan Chun Sing meets top Chinese general Zhang Youxia in Beijing, reaffirms defence ties,” The Straits Times, 18 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China and the US agree to a crackdown on money laundering through fentanyl sales, reports SCMP  
On 17 September, SCMP reported on US-China cooperation on tackling the fentanyl sales, as they agreed to work together to crack down on money laundering from the sale of the illegal drug. US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated that both countries have suffered the consequences of money laundering and said: “The money laundering is the result of fentanyl sales, and both the People’s Republic of China’s government and the US government and citizens are hurt by the money laundering.” And that “We discussed ways we could work together, and the Chinese delegation was very keen to work with us. It was an area of extreme agreement.” Fentanyl has killed hundreds of thousands of Americans, and the government has held China accountable for not taking responsibility for the trade and sale of the illicit drug. (“China and US agree to target money launderers linked to fentanyl trade,” SCMP, 17 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 16 & 17 September 2025, Tuesday & Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 187 & 188
CHINA & THE AMERICAS
US and China agree on a framework deal on TikTok, reports BBC
On 16 September, the BBC reported that the US Treasury informed that they have reached a framework deal with China over the divestment call on TikTok. The US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent detailed the meeting with the Chinese delegation held in Madrid, Spain. He also informed that the US President Donald Trump will talk to the Chinese President Xi Jinping and finalize the deal. Trump also posted on Truth Social, where he noted the talks went well, and China also affirmed that they have reached a framework agreement, but noted that no deal will be made at the expense of Chinese companies. The meetings come in light of the coming deadline with the Chinese owners of TikTok. The deal is aimed at ending the trade war, notes Bessent, and the deal has agreed upon the commercial terms that would protect US national security interests. (“US says 'framework' for TikTok ownership deal agreed with China,” BBC, 16 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China claims that Nvidia violated anti-monopoly laws, reports BBC
On 16 September, the BBC reported on Chinese market regulators stating that the US firm and chipmaker Nvidia had violated Chinese anti-monopoly laws. This was discussed during the trade talk between China and the US in Madrid, where they did not elaborate on where, but informed that they will continue their investigation. Nvidia responded that it complied with laws and that it will continue to cooperate with all relevant government agencies. US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said: “We had very good discussions. We preferred to keep the discussions on TikTok, we will be holding trade negotiations in about a month again at a different location.” China launched its investigation into Nvidia in December 2024. Nvidia issued a statement and said: “We will continue to cooperate with all relevant government agencies as they evaluate the impact of export controls on competition in the commercial markets.” (“China accuses Nvidia of violating anti-monopoly laws,” BBC, 16 September 2025)
 
CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Pakistan’s president visits China’s Advanced Aircraft Complex
On 14 September, Pakistan’s President Asif Ali Zardari pledged to further Pakistan’s cooperation with China in the defense sector. The statement was made during his visit to the Aviation Industry Corporation of China’s (AVIC) Advanced Aircraft Complex in Chengdu. Zardari noted that China is a trusted partner and is a key contributor to Pakistan’s security and technology advancement. Zardari’s office said: “He reaffirmed that the two countries would continue to expand collaboration in defense production and aviation, further deepening their all-weather strategic cooperative partnership.” In the past five years, China has supplied 81 per cent of Pakistan’s imported weapons, notes SIPRI. Zardari’s office also issued that “The President noted that the J-10 and JF-17 have greatly strengthened the Pakistan Air Force, a fact clearly demonstrated during May 2025’s Ma‘raka-e-Haq and Operation Bunyan-um-Marsoos [against India in May.” (“Pakistan president vows to deepen cooperation with China in defense production, aviation,” Arab News, 14 September 2025)

INTERNAL
MSS crackdowns on espionage efforts on military installations
On 15 September, China’s State Security Ministry announced the authority’s crackdown on espionage cases committed by Chinese citizens. They disguised themselves as divinely and stationed their observation post near military installations. They were sentenced to 17, 13, and 9 years of imprisonment. The ministry reported “The three persons who met while working, were close friends and often referred to each other as brothers. However, after long-term exposure to "gray zone industry" groups on foreign websites, the three gradually became dissatisfied with the income from their regular jobs. They believed that with their cleverness, they could find a "shortcut" to make big money in the "gray industry.” (“MSS exposes 3 individuals posing as 'deliveryman' and 'anglers' to steal military secrets,” Global Times, 15 September 2025)

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China delivers the largest floating LNG facility, “NGUYA FLNG”, reports Global Times
On 14 September, Global Times reported on China’s largest domestically built floating LNG facility, “NGUYA FLNG”. It was unveiled and delivered to Nantong, East China's Jiangsu Province, and escorted by the Nantong Maritime Safety Administration. Global Times noted, “The facility measures 376 meters in length, 60 meters in breadth and 35 meters in depth, with the biggest tonnage and gas storage capacity of its kind. It has an LNG storage capacity of 180,000 cubic meters and a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) storage capacity of 45,000 cubic meters, with an annual LNG production capacity of 2.4 million tons.” It will be deployed in the waters of the Republic of Congo in Africa. (“China delivers its largest domestically built floating LNG facility,” Global Times, 14 September 2025)  

OUTER SPACE
China’s Tianlong-3 passes thrust test, reports SCMP
On 17 September, SCMP reported on the Chinese reusable rocket Tianlong-3 passing the 1,000-ton thrust test. China’s Space Pioneer completed a full-scale test of the first stage of its 72 metre (236 feet) partially reusable Tianlong-3 rocket from an offshore platform in the eastern province of Shandong. The firm said: “We aim to fly by the end of this year. After that, we plan to quickly move into routine commercial operations, with a target of more than 30 missions annually.” (“China’s large reusable Tianlong-3 rocket passes 1,000-tonne thrust ‘major exam’,” SCMP, 17 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
CCG announces to take regulatory measures against the Philippines' ship in the SCS
On 16 September, China’s Coast Guard (CCG) announced that it had taken regulatory measures in accordance with the law against Philippine government ships, which were accused of conducting illegal activities in the South China Sea. CCG spokesperson Gan Yu said: “The Philippines organized over 10 government ships to illegally intrude into the territorial waters of China's Huangyan Dao from multiple directions. In accordance with the law, CCG took regulatory measures against the Philippine ships, including issuing warnings via loudspeaker, conducting route control, and using water cannons.” They noted that the Philippines' ship No. 3014 ignored the warning and rammed into the CCG ship. (“Philippines organize over 10 govt ships to intrude into Huangyan Dao waters, responsible for collision: CCG spokesperson,” Global Times, 16 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China warns Philippines against provocation in the SCS, reports Al-Jazeera
On 14 September, Al-Jazeera China’s military warned the Philippines against being provocative in the South China Sea. China’s South Theater Command spokesperson issued a statement, “We sternly warn the Philippine side to immediately stop provoking incidents and escalating tensions in the South China Sea, as well as bringing in external forces for backing such efforts that are destined to be futile.” The US Asia Pacific Command said: “The US, along with our allies and partners, upholds the right to freedom of navigation and overflight and other lawful uses of the sea and international airspace, as well as respect to the maritime rights under international law.” China also announced that it will be building natural reserves in the South China Sea. (“China’s military warns Philippines against provocations in South China Sea,” Al-Jazeera, 14 September 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
China condemns Israeli attack on Qatar
On 16 September, a Chinese diplomat at the UN firmly opposed Israel’s attack on Qatar, as they called for a joint resolution. The envoy Chen Xu made the remarks at the emergency debate held in the 60^th UNHRC meeting in Geneva. Chen said: “Israel's attack on Qatar flagrantly violates Qatar's territorial sovereignty and national security, contravenes international law and the UN Charter, and undermines efforts for peace.” He noted that Qatar is an important mediator in the Gaza ceasefire and that the attack was to deliberate sabotage of the ceasefire. (“China condemns Israeli attack in Qatar, calls for de-escalation,” CGTN, 17 September 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Wang Yi visits Slovenia, aiming for further bilateral cooperation
On 14 September, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with the President of the National Council of Slovenia, Marko Lotric. Wang Yi said: “China regards Slovenia as a partner and friend, and is willing to continuously expand its practical cooperation, strengthen multilateral collaboration, safeguard the international system with the United Nations at its core, and play a constructive role in the political settlement of international disputes.” Lotric said: “Slovenia-China friendly ties are built on mutual benefit and win-win results. The bilateral relations, particularly economic and trade cooperation, have developed rapidly, and exchanges in various fields, including legislative bodies, have been fruitful, making contributions to their respective development and to enhancing friendship between their peoples.” (“Wang Yi: China's growth offers opportunities for Slovenia and beyond,” CGTN, 15 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China and the US to resume trade talks in Spain
On 14 September, SCMP reported that China’s Vice Premier He Lifeng and the US Secretary Scott Bessent will be holding new rounds of trade talks in Madrid. The delegation arrived in Spain. The Foreign Minister of Spain, Jose Manuel Albares, welcomed the Chinese delegation. This is the fourth meeting between the two countries on the future of tariffs as they strive to sort out the trade disagreement, and the deadline to decide the fate of TikTok divestment stands. (“China, US trade delegations kick off fourth round of talks in Madrid,” SCMP, 14 September 2025)

US claims that China is spreading false narratives to pressure Taiwan, reports Reuters
On 15 September, Reuters reported that the US embassy in Taiwan stated that China is using and misinterpreting the World War II documents to isolate Taiwan. They noted the Beijing government says documents like the Cairo Declaration and Potsdam Proclamation support its legal claims of sovereignty over the island, as the wording states Taiwan was to be "restored" to Chinese rule, Taiwan being a Japanese colony at the time. The American Institute in Taiwan said: “China intentionally mischaracterises World War Two-era documents, including the Cairo Declaration, the Potsdam Proclamation, and the Treaty of San Francisco, to try to support its coercive campaign to subjugate Taiwan.” And noted that China’s narratives are false and they do not determine Taiwan’s ultimate political status. (“US says China spreads 'false' World War Two narratives to pressure Taiwan,” Reuters, 15 September 2025)

China’s satellite spies on a US satellite as a tit-for tat measure, reports the BBC
On 16 September, BBC reported that a Chinese satellite observed an American satellite that was monitoring the Chinese space station. The move showcases China’s reconnaissance capabilities as it moves towards a tit-for tat strategy. China’s Jilin-1 satellite constellation, operated by the Chang Guang Satellite Technology, positioned itself where it can have a favourable orbital view to capture images of the American WorldView Legion satellite. This comes after US commercial remote sensing firm Maxar Intelligence featured images of China’s Shijian-26 satellite. (“US satellite spies on Chinese space station and more. China spies back,” SCMP, 16 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 15 September 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 186
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China delivers the largest floating LNG facility, “NGUYA FLNG”, reports Global Times
On 14 September, Global Times reported on China’s largest domestically built floating LNG facility, “NGUYA FLNG”. It was unveiled and delivered to Nantong, East China's Jiangsu Province, and escorted by the Nantong Maritime Safety Administration. Global Times noted, “The facility measures 376 meters in length, 60 meters in breadth and 35 meters in depth, with the biggest tonnage and gas storage capacity of its kind. It has an LNG storage capacity of 180,000 cubic meters and a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) storage capacity of 45,000 cubic meters, with an annual LNG production capacity of 2.4 million tons.” It will be deployed in the waters of the Republic of Congo in Africa. (“China delivers its largest domestically built floating LNG facility,” Global Times, 14 September 2025)  

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China and the US to resume trade talks in Spain
On 14 September, SCMP reported that China’s Vice Premier He Lifeng and the US Secretary Scott Bessent will be holding new rounds of trade talks in Madrid. The delegation arrived in Spain. The Foreign Minister of Spain, Jose Manuel Albares, welcomed the Chinese delegation. This is the fourth meeting between the two countries on the future of tariffs as they strive to sort out the trade disagreement, and the deadline to decide the fate of TikTok divestment stands. (“China, US trade delegations kick off fourth round of talks in Madrid,” SCMP, 14 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China warns Philippines against provocation in the SCS, reports Al-Jazeera
On 14 September, Al-Jazeera China’s military warned the Philippines against being provocative in the South China Sea. China’s South Theater Command spokesperson issued a statement, “We sternly warn the Philippine side to immediately stop provoking incidents and escalating tensions in the South China Sea, as well as bringing in external forces for backing such efforts that are destined to be futile.” The US Asia Pacific Command said: “The US, along with our allies and partners, upholds the right to freedom of navigation and overflight and other lawful uses of the sea and international airspace, as well as respect to the maritime rights under international law.” China also announced that it will be building natural reserves in the South China Sea. (“China’s military warns Philippines against provocations in South China Sea,” Al-Jazeera, 14 September 2025)

INTERNAL
MSS crackdowns on espionage efforts on military installations
On 15 September, China’s State Security Ministry announced the authority’s crackdown on espionage cases committed by Chinese citizens. They disguised themselves as divinely and stationed their observation post near military installations. They were sentenced to 17, 13, and 9 years of imprisonment. The ministry reported “The three persons who met while working, were close friends and often referred to each other as brothers. However, after long-term exposure to "gray zone industry" groups on foreign websites, the three gradually became dissatisfied with the income from their regular jobs. They believed that with their cleverness, they could find a "shortcut" to make big money in the "gray industry.” (“MSS exposes 3 individuals posing as 'deliveryman' and 'anglers' to steal military secrets,” Global Times, 15 September 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Wang Yi visits Slovenia, aiming for further bilateral cooperation
On 14 September, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with the President of the National Council of Slovenia, Marko Lotric. Wang Yi said: “China regards Slovenia as a partner and friend, and is willing to continuously expand its practical cooperation, strengthen multilateral collaboration, safeguard the international system with the United Nations at its core, and play a constructive role in the political settlement of international disputes.” Lotric said: “Slovenia-China friendly ties are built on mutual benefit and win-win results. The bilateral relations, particularly economic and trade cooperation, have developed rapidly, and exchanges in various fields, including legislative bodies, have been fruitful, making contributions to their respective development and to enhancing friendship between their peoples.” (“Wang Yi: China's growth offers opportunities for Slovenia and beyond,” CGTN, 15 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
US claims that China is spreading false narratives to pressure Taiwan, reports Reuters
On 15 September, Reuters reported that the US embassy in Taiwan stated that China is using and misinterpreting the World War II documents to isolate Taiwan. They noted the Beijing government says documents like the Cairo Declaration and Potsdam Proclamation support its legal claims of sovereignty over the island, as the wording states Taiwan was to be "restored" to Chinese rule, Taiwan being a Japanese colony at the time. The American Institute in Taiwan said: “China intentionally mischaracterises World War Two-era documents, including the Cairo Declaration, the Potsdam Proclamation, and the Treaty of San Francisco, to try to support its coercive campaign to subjugate Taiwan.” And noted that China’s narratives are false and they do not determine Taiwan’s ultimate political status. (“US says China spreads 'false' World War Two narratives to pressure Taiwan,” Reuters, 15 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 12 September 2025, Friday | Vol 2 No. 184
MARITIME
China’s aircraft carrier “Fujian” is speculated to join service soon
On 11 September, China’s third aircraft carrier, Fujian, was seen leaving its shipyard area. This had ignited speculation that the carrier will soon be part of military service for the PLA Navy. Videos and images showcased Fujian’s engines revving up and departing the Changxing Island dock at the Jiangnan Shipyard. The Fujian was seen heading towards the South China Sea, passing Taiwan. Navy Spokesperson Senior Colonel Leng Guowei said: “The cross-regional tests and training are a routine mission of the carrier’s construction process and do not target any specific objects.” The Fujian will be China’s first – but the world’s second after America’s USS Gerald R. Ford – aircraft carrier equipped with electromagnetic catapults. Fujian has conducted eight sea trials since May 2024, and is expected to caryy J-35A stealth fighter jets, J-15T heavy carrier fighters, J-15DT electronic warfare aircraft and KJ-600 early warning aircraft. (“PLA aircraft carrier the Fujian heads to South China Sea. Is it about to enter service?.” SCMP, 12 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Philippines protests against the Chinese Huangyan Dao nature reserve
On 11 September, China rejected Philippines' protest against China establishing a natural reserve at the Huangyan Dao. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson, Lin Jian, said: “The move is fully within China's sovereignty and aims to protect the island's ecological environment and biodiversity, in line with both domestic and international law. He added that it reflects China's role as a responsible major country committed to sustainable development.” He also stressed that the territory has long been settled through international treaties. And they called on Philippines to give aways false claims and to stop provocation and infringements. The outcry from Philippines comes as China announced its plans to establish the Huangyan Dao national nature reserve aimed to preserve marine ecology. (“China rejects Philippines' protest over Huangyan Dao nature reserve,” CGTN, 11 September 2025)
 
CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Mexico increases tariffs on Chinese imports to 50 per cent
On 10 September, Mexico announced that it will raise tariffs on Chinese automobiles to 50 per cent for some other Asian countries. Mexico’s Ministry of Economy informed that the move will lead to increased tariffs of varying degrees, which will include textile, steel, and automotive products. This decision will affect USD 52 billion of imports coming to Mexico.  The ministry noted that they already had tariffs; they are just increasing them to the maximum level possible, noting that if they don’t do so, they cannot compete. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs opposed this move, stating that Mexico is being coerced by others. The ministry spokesperson Lin Jian said: “We will resolutely safeguard our own rights and interests in accordance with the actual situation.” Other countries that will be affected by these tariffs are South Korea, India, Russia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Turkey. (“Mexico to raise tariffs on cars from China to 50% in major overhaul,” Reuters, 12 September 2025)

SICENCE & TECHNOLOGY
China is leading the patents for digital innovation in the world. reports CNIPA
On 11 September, China ranked first for the number of innovations patented with grants in the area of the digital economy. China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) found that there are currently 500,000 patents, which is a 23.1 per cent increase. This data was released at the 14^th China Intellectual Property Rights Annual Conference. CNIPA informed that China has been the leading country in terms of AI-related patent holding. There has been an increase since 21,000 in 2016 to 52,000 in 2024. Head of CNIPA Shen Changyu said: “This fully demonstrates that foreign enterprises are confident in the future development of China's digital economy.” (“China leads global core digital economy patents in 2024,” CGTN, 12 September 2025)

DEFENSE
China’s Xiangshan Forum will host officials from 100 countries, reports SCMP
On 11 September, SCMP reported on China conducting its Xiangshan Forum, a security summit often seen as an alternative to the Shangri-La Dialogue. The Defense officials from China are expected to host officials from 100 countries. China’s Ministry of National Defense spokesperson, Senior Colonel Jiang Bin, said: “More than 100 countries, including Vietnam, Singapore, Russia, France, Nigeria, and Brazil, have confirmed their attendance, along with representatives of international and regional organisations.” The forum will take place from 17-19 September at the China National Convention Centre, co-hosted by the China Association for Military Science and the China Institute of International Strategic Studies. (“Over 100 countries to send defence officials to China’s Xiangshan security forum,” SCMP, 11 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China dominates Thailand’s industrial sector, reports and editorial in SCMP
On 12 September, an editorial on SCMP reported on China becoming the leading source of foreign investments in Thailand’s industrial sector. From 2019 to 2024, Chinese investors have received several contracts worth USD 8.4 billion, which is 16 per cent of all Eastern investments. The major share of these Chinese investments is focused on projects like EVs, and the energy sectors. The author notes “Chinese investors have joined a Thai consortium to build a 220km (136.7 miles) high-speed railway line through the 3,285 sq km (5,122 square miles) corridor, which lies south of Bangkok.” The Eastern Economic Corridor was launched by Thailand in 2017, aimed to revitalise the provinces of Chonburi, Rayong, and Chachoengsao with focused advances in industry development. (“China bets big on Thai industrial cluster with US$8.4 billion investment,” SCMP, 12 September 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
Zambia demands compensation for toxic mine spillage by a Chinese firm, reports BBC
On 12 September, the BBC reported that Zambia was seeking compensation for the toxic spill from a Chinese-owned copper mine facility. In February 2025, a spill of highly acidic mine waste laden with heavy metals from the Sino-Metals Leach Zambia copper mine occurred after it collapsed. The dam that held the waste from the mine collapsed, polluting key rivers, that was a major drinking source of water. The firm has apologized and informed that they will compensate the victims, while the Zambian Vice-President Mutale Nalumango informed that this is not enough and that the safety of Zambians is a non-negotiable. Sino-Metals Leach Zambia mine is a subsidiary of China Nonferrous Metal Mining Group, which is owned by the government of China. The spillage has resulted in 1.5 million tonnes of toxic material being dumped into the Kafue River, according to Drizit, a South African-based environmental company.  They found and issued: “These materials were found to contain dangerous levels of cyanide, arsenic, copper, zinc, lead, chromium, cadmium, and other pollutants posing significant long-term health risks, including organ damage, birth defects, and cancer.” (“Zambia presses China for more compensation over toxic mine spill,” BBC, 12 September 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
China cannot be ignored, says Britain’s new trade minister
On 11 September, The Straits Times reported that Britain’s Business and Trade Secretary Peter Kyle will be visiting China since the first trade talks in 2018. He noted that the Chinese economy is “unignorable,” and that better commercial ties hinge on the current row related to the embassies. The row is about China wanting to build its biggest embassy in Europe, which stands to be approved by the British Building Committee. This demand has been rejected by many, stating that this can be used to spy on Europe and Britain. Kyle aims to revive the UK-China Joint Economic and Trade Commission, and seeks to lift the trade barrier worth USD 1 billion. Kyle said: “China, because of its emerging economic status, isn’t just unignorable, it is also desirable to engage with.” (“China cannot be ignored, Britain’s trade minister says as row over embassies clouds ties,” The Straits Times, 11 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 11 September 2025, Thursday | Vol 2 No. 183
OUTER SPACE
NASA blocks Chinese citizens with US visas from using US facilities
On 11 September, NASA banned Chinese nationals on US visas from visiting its facilities and networks. This move was made in light of concerns regarding China's progress in space technology. NASA has restricted the employment of Chinese citizens, but SOEs and firms have been able to engage as contractors and students.  NASA’s spokesperson Bethany Stevens informed that an internal action has been taken and said: “Restricting physical and cybersecurity access to our facilities, materials, and network to ensure the security of our work.” This year, Chinese citizens also lost physical and virtual access to NASA data. (“Nasa blocks Chinese citizens with US visas from its facilities,” SCMP, 11 September 2025)

DEFENSE
PLA rocket force bans 200 suppliers over corruption charges, reports SCMP
On 11 September, SCMP reported that the People’s Liberation Army had terminated over 200 contracts and partnerships with their suppliers over corruption. China Government Procurement News reported that the rocket force of the PLA banned 74 bid evaluation experts and 116 suppliers. Some of them were banned from the rocket procurement project, while others were stripped of their qualification. This would mean they cannot apply to any projects in the PLA. The first violation in the rocket project was found in 2016; the rocket force was established in 2015, aimed to oversee PLA assets. The major investigation started in 2023 after their defense minister, Li Shangfu, was removed from his post 2023 over corruption charges. (“PLA Rocket Force bans nearly 200 suppliers, evaluators after corruption investigation,” SCMP, 11 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Chinese imports to Brazil account for 5 million Brazilian jobs, reports China-Brazil Business Council
On 10 September, the China-Brazil Business Council released a report stating that Chinese imports support 5.2 million jobs in Brazil. This is double the number of exports, highlighting the extent of reliance. The report is in collaboration with Brazil’s Ministry of Development, Industry, Trade, and Services, which noted that their bilateral cooperation with China has grown fivefold in the past two decades. The cooperation now not only shapes trade flows but also employment in the country. In 2024, China accounted for 28 per cent of Brazilian exports and 24 per cent of its imports. (“Imports from China account for more than 5 million Brazilian jobs, study says,” SCMP, 11 September 2025)

INTERNAL
China unveils the world's longest cable bridge over the Yangtze River
On 10 September, China unveiled the world’s longest cable-stayed bridge in Jiangsu province. This bridge connects Changzhou and the Taizhou region, cutting the travel time by one hour to just 20 minutes. The Changtai Yangtze River Bridge stretches 10.3km and is the first river crossing expressway, which has a regular road and an intercity railway. The bridge tightens links between the Yangtze River Delta. The lead designer was the chief scientist Qin Shuquan of the China Railway Group. (“China launches record-smashing cable-stayed mega bridge over Yangtze River,” SCMP, 11 September 2026)

Hong Kong rejects limited rights bill for same sex couples, reports BBC
On 11 September, the BBC reported that the Hong Kong court rejected the bill to grant limited rights to same-sex couples of the LGBTQA+ community. The bill sought to give some rights to couples who were married overseas, but this was opposed by 71 of the 89 members of the legislative council. The lawmakers proposed to comply with the 2023 ruling. Amnesty International called the rejection of the bill an alarming disregard for the LGBTQA+ rights. (“Hong Kong lawmakers say no to more rights for same-sex couples,” BBC, 11 September 2025)

CHINA & CENTRAL ASIA
China and Kazakhstan firms agree to a cross-border e-commerce agreement
On 11 September, China and Kazakhstan firms agreed to cross-border e-commerce. This comes in light of Kazakhstan’s Freedom Bank/ Freedom Holdings, which signed an agreement with a virtual payment provider, Verum Payments, and Union Pay Business, which is a Chinese SOE. The CEO of Freedom Holding, Timur Turlov, aims to see a boost in this cooperation. Turlov said: “The opportunity now is to build interoperable platforms – ones that can facilitate cross-border flows, while maintaining high regulatory standards,” he said. “That includes everything from digital lending and tokenised assets to AI-driven credit scoring tailored to frontier economies.” He also said: “As a leading fintech player, we aim to collaborate with various Chinese fintech firms and use all UnionPay gateways, WeChat, and the broader Chinese e-commerce ecosystem.” (“China-Kazakhstan economic, cross-border e-commerce ties to grow: Freedom Holding CEO,” SCMP, 11 September 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
Chinese nationals found guilty of human trafficking and forced labour by a South African court
On 11 September, the BBC reported that the South African court found seven Chinese nationals guilty of human trafficking and kidnapping. The accused who kidnapped Malawians and subjected them to forced labour were sentenced to 20 years each. The accused were four men and three women. The sentence comes six years after they were arrested, as they were apprehended during a local raid in a factory in Johannesburg. The raid found 91 Malawian nationals, 37 of them were children. In Africa, human trafficking is a big issue, and the region is often a source, transit, or destination. The accused were guilty of 158 of the 160 charges. Some of these charges include aiding illegal immigration, violating labour laws, and failing to record earnings. The factory was raided over a tip given by one of the workers who escaped, who informed that they were forced to work 11 work shifts, seven days a week, without proper training or safety measures. (“Chinese nationals jailed over kidnapping and forced labour in South Africa,” BBC, 11 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China’s Foreign Minister calls for Beijing and Washington to work together
On 10 September, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi stated that China and the US should work together towards world peace and prosperity. They aim to tackle global challenges and should shoulder responsibility. Wang Yi said: “to ensure that the two giant ships of China and the United States move forward together without deviating from their courses or losing speed, it is necessary to adhere to the strategic guidance of the two heads of state and to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state without compromise.” And that “China and the United States once fought side by side during World War II to defeat militarism and fascism, while in this new era, the two sides should work together for world peace and prosperity, tackle global challenges and shoulder their due responsibilities as major countries.” (“Chinese FM Wang Yi says China, U.S. should work together for world peace, prosperity,” CGTN, 11 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 08 September 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 180
EXTERNAL
Xi Jinping pushes for the Global Governance Initiative at the SCO summit
On 08 September, CAN reported that China’s President Xi Jinping's new initiative Global Governance Initiative (GGI) to shape the new world order. Under which he called the countries to work together for an equitable and just global governance. This initiative was publicized at the SCO summit. Xi drew parallels with WWII, stating how that was the beginning of the founding of the UN and opened a new page in governance. He noted that while peace and development remain fundamental, the rise of cold war mentality and hegemonism is a lingering shadow over global affairs. Xi said: “History tells us that the more difficult the times, the more we must hold fast to the aspiration of peaceful coexistence (and) strengthen our confidence in cooperation and win-win outcomes,” and that “For this reason, I am putting forward a Global Governance Initiative to work with all countries in building a fairer and more reasonable system of global governance, and to jointly advance the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.” (“China’s Xi proposes GGI to reshape global governance: Will the world follow?,” CNA, 08 September 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
China monitors Australian and Canadian ships in the Taiwan Strait, reports The Guardian
On 07 September, The Guardian reported that Canadian and Australian ships sailing through the Taiwan Strait region were warned by the Chinese military. People’s Liberation Army’s Eastern Theatre Command informed that the Australian guided missile destroyer Brisbane and Canada’s frigate Ville de Quebec were in the region. They noted, “The actions of the Canadians and Australians send the wrong signals and increase security risks.” Australia’s Defense Spokesperson informed that they were conducting a routine transit and were under international law. They noted “Australian vessels and aircraft will continue to exercise freedom of navigation and uphold International Law, particularly United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.” Canada reported that their deployment was part of Operation Horizon, aimed at promoting peace and stability. (“China’s military follows Australian and Canadian warships in Taiwan Strait accusing them of ‘provocation’,” The Guardian, 07 September 2025)
 
CHINA & EAST ASIA
China-born Japanese lawmaker sanctioned by China’s Foreign Ministry
On 08 September, SCMP reported that China has imposed sanctions against a Japanese lawmaker for spreading misinformation on Taiwan, Xinjiang, and Hong Kong. Noting that he undermined Chinese sovereignty. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that it will be sanctioning Seki Hei, a 63-year-old China-born political commentator who was elected to be part of Japan’s Innovation Party. The ministry stated that Seki has long spread fallacies and “seriously interfered in China’s internal affairs and severely undermined China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.” Under the sanctions, any assets held by Seki within the Chinese territory will be frozen, and all organisations in China are prohibited from working with him. (“China sanctions Japanese lawmaker Seki Hei, accusing him of spreading fallacies,” SCMP, 08 September 2025)

POLAR
Russia pledges to work with China on the Arctic region, reports SCMP
On 06 September, SCMP reported that Russia has pledged to further Arctic cooperation with China. Eastern Economic Forum, Russia, stated that they will deepen their energy and financial infrastructure ties with China, as they offer mutual visa-free travel. Russia’s President Vladimir Putin noted that they are working together with China in the Arctic region and said: “A political decision is only needed for that. Nevertheless, it is possible. It will also be mutually beneficial cooperation in the sphere of gas, in the sphere of oil.” The Arctic cooperation was not mentioned during the meeting with Chinese President XI Jinping. On AI as well, China affirmed that they are ready to work with Russia. Sberbank, Russia’s leading majority state-owned bank, informed that they are working with Chinese researchers on joint AI projects. (“Russia vows to work with China in the Arctic, Beijing pledges AI cooperation,” SCMP, 06 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China sends earthquake aid to Afghanistan
On 07 September, two Chinese military aircraft landed in Kabul to deliver humanitarian aid for the earthquake-hit Afghanistan. Two of the People’s Liberation Army Air Force Y-20 heavy-lift transporters. This is the first batch of earthquake relief cargo. The supplies contain tents and blankets. The earthquake was recorded to be of 6.0. The AFGHAN Red Crescent Society reported that “The disasters have resulted in 2,205 fatalities and 3,640 injuries as of September 4, with widespread damage to infrastructure and homes.” The China International Development Cooperation Agency informed that they have earmarked USD 7 million in emergency aid for Afghanistan. (“China sends Y-20s on quake aid mission to Afghanistan,” SCMP, 07 September 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
Russia, India, and China have common interests, says Russia’s Foreign Minister
On 07 September, Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov stated that Russia, India, and China have a common interest in developing their mutual partnership. He noted the recent meeting of the leaders of the three countries and the growing ties in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit held in Tianjin. Lavrov said: “It is a demonstration that three great powers, representing three great civilisations, are aware of their common interests in a number of areas,” and that “This does not mean that everything is 100% the same, but there is a tendency for China, Russia and India to develop their partnership, deriving mutual benefit from those areas where we have the same interests.” He noted that this interest lies in developing their economies, solving social problems, and upgrading their living standards.  (“Russia, India and China have tendency to interact in common interests: Lavrov,” The Hindu, 08 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
A Chinese-origin Harvard professor to join Tsinghua University, reports SCMP
On 08 September, SCMP reported that the world’s top statistician and long-time professor at Harvard will be returning to China full-time. He will accept a chair at Tsinghua University. This comes in light of a string of China-origin academics returning to China, in fields of data science, biostatistics, and AI. Liu Jun, in 1988, transferred to the University of Chicago, where he became interested in studying human rights issues. He noted that while his aging parents were one reason, the economic growth China is leading made him feel the move was right. Liu said: “Choosing to return now is driven by a love for education and scientific research, as well as a sense of patriotism.” (“Top Harvard mathematician Liu Jun leaves US for China,” SCMP, 07 September 2025)

India and Russia lost to China, says US President Donald Trump
On 06 September, Reuters reported in US President Donald Trump’s comment stating that India and Russia have fallen to China. He said: “Looks like we've lost India and Russia to deepest, darkest China. May they have a long and prosperous future together!” This came as he saw the world leaders of India and Russia attending the SCO summit. On India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modia, Trump said: “He's a great prime minister. He's great. I'll always be friends, but I just don't like what he's doing at this particular moment. But India and the United States have a special relationship. There's nothing to worry about. We just have moments on occasion, retracting his earlier statement.”  (“Trump says India and Russia appear 'lost' to 'deepest, darkest China',” Reuters, 06 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 03 September 2025, Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 179
INTERNAL
Xi Jinping notes the unstoppable rejuvenation of China at the military parade
On 03 September, China’s President Xi Jinping attended the military parade with leaders of Russia and North Korea joining him. During his address, he stated that the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable and paid tribute to the veteran soldiers, comrades, patriots, and officers who fought against the Japanese in WWII. He expressed that this was the first complete victory against a foreign aggressor in modern times. Xi said: “In the past, when faced with critical struggles between good and evil, light and darkness, progress and recreation, the Chinese people rallied together to defy the enemy.”  Xi also noted that they will remain committed to peaceful development. (“President Xi hails 'unstoppable' national rejuvenation at V-Day commemoration,” CGTN, 03 September)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan’s KMT former chairperson and politicians attend China’s military parade despite warnings  
On 02 September, SCMP reported that a small Taiwanese delegation of politicians, business leaders, and the KMT former chairperson Hung Hsiu-chu will be attending China’s military parade. Huang announced on social media that “Today, we are able to attend together and take part in commemorating this victorious moment in a national catastrophe. This is a response to history,” and that “The war of resistance against Japan was a battle for the survival of the Chinese nation that is our common history, regardless of province of origin or political party.” Taiwan’s ruling party DPP, was against them attending the parade, and Taiwan’s Deputy Minister Shen Yu-cheng called to shun the parade. Shen said: “The September 3 parade does nothing to promote cross-strait peace. It threatens Taiwan, perhaps aiming to pressure us into accepting their political arrangements through the display of new weaponry. If any citizens insist on going, the [council] will handle penalties on a case-by-case basis.” And that “The only state now seeking to erase the Republic of China is the People’s Republic of China. For KMT politicians to attend the September 3 parade is a historical irony for the KMT.” (“Taiwanese at Beijing’s military parade to include former KMT chair, Want Want executive,” SCMP, 03 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
The US House of Representatives pass the Stop Chinese Fentanyl Act
On 02 September, the US House of Representatives passed a bill that imposes sanctions on Chinese officials who intentionally prevent the trafficking of fentanyl by not taking action.  The bill called the Stop Chinese Fentanyl Act was passed with 407-4 votes by lawmakers. This legislation will also make it easier to impose sanctions on Chinese manufacturers and distributors of fentanyl. The sponsor of the bill, Representative Any Barr, said: “We must attack the production of fentanyl by targeting the source of precursors in China: Chinese producers of synthetic opioids and opioid precursors and senior government and Chinese political officials.” The US Representative Gregory Meeks also noted as he supported the provision that they need to take an active partnership with law enforcement of China and Mexico to curb the issue. (“Bill to sanction Chinese officials who avoid action on fentanyl passes US House,” SCMP, 02 September 2025)

INTERNAL
China's military parade showcases a myriad of weapons and missiles
On 03 September, China held its largest ever military parade on the 80^th anniversary of the Japanese surrender in World War II. China’s President Xi Jinping oversaw the mass parade in Beijing. During this parade, several weapons and missiles were unveiled. They showcased a nuclear-capable missile that can be launched from sea, land, and air.   Long-range missiles like Jingle-1, intercontinental missile Julanh-3, and land-based intercontinental missiles Dongfeng-61 and 31 were paraded. The Dongfeng-5c now uses liquid fuel, capable of releasing multiple warheads on a single target. Additionally, anti-ship missiles like Yingji-19, 17, and 20 were present. They also showcased drones that can operate underwater, used for both reconnaissance and strike targets. (“What weapons China put on display at its military parade,” Reuters, 03 September 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
BYD's share fell by 8 per cent due to a drop in sales amid a price war with other manufacturers
On 01 September, BYD shares dropped by 8 per cent due to the domestic EV car race and profit drop. The net profit of the firm fell by USD 900 million, which is 30 per cent less than last year. BYD stated that it’s the increased price competition between Chinese EV makers the reason for this fall. BYD faces the challenge as other smaller EV manufacturers like Nio, XPeng, and Tesla and selling for much cheaper. The competition has reached fever pitch, and the industry malpractice and excessive marketing is killing the market. The average prices of cars have fallen by 19 per cent over the past two years. BYD aimed to sell 5.5 million cars but was only able to sell 2.49 million. (“BYD shares slide as China's EV price war hits profits,” BBC, 03 September 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Chinese missile destroyer spotted near a Japanese Island, reports Japan’s Defense Ministry
On 02 September, Japan’s Ministry of National Defense informed that they saw a Chinese destroyer passing the Japanese island in the East China Sea. The ministry informed that the Type 052D guided missile destroyer, also known as the Luyang-III class, was spotted in the east of Miyako Island of Okinawa. The ministry said: “t was subsequently confirmed that these vessels proceeded northwest through the waters between the main island of Okinawa and Miyakojima, heading towards the East China Sea,” and that “The ministry of defence and the self-defence forces conducted surveillance and intelligence gathering using the Maritime Self-Defence Force’s 7th escort squadron’s Yūdachi (Ominato), the 45th minesweeping squadron’s Izushima (Hakodate), the 2nd air group’s P-3C (Hachinohe) and the 5th air group’s P-3C (Naha).” Before this, a Russian Navy destroyer Udaloy-1, was also spotted near Cape Shiriya. (“Chinese missile destroyer seen passing Japanese island in East China Sea: Tokyo,” SCMP, 02 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 02 September 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 178
CHINA & RUSSIA
Putin affirms ties with China before the military parade in Beijing, reported BBC
On 02 September, the BBC reported China’s President Xi Jinping met his Russian counterpart Vladimir Putin for the Shanghai Cooperation meeting held in Tianjin, and the massive military parade. Putin expressed that he and his delegation are pleased to meet their Chinese friends, and that their close communication reflects the strategic nature of their relations. Putin said: “We were always together then, and we remain together now.” Xi also affirmed what Putin said and noted that their relations have withstood the test of time, and that together they will work towards building a more just and global governance system. This meeting takes place in light of the largest-ever military parade to be held, marking the 80^th anniversary of Japan’s surrender and the end of World War II. Both leaders also criticized the Western bullying, as Russia blamed the West for triggering the conflict with Ukraine. The meeting now is after the SCO meeting, where both Xi and Putin confronted the Cold War mentality. Putin called to remove and replace the outdated Eurocentric and Euro-Atlantic models. (“Russia's Putin hails 'unprecedented' ties with China as talks begin,” BBC, 02 September 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Nepal rejects China-India resuming border trade from Lipu Lekh pass
On 30 August, Nepal’s Prime Minister K P Sharma Oli objected to India-China restarting their trade through the Lipu Lekh pass, noting that they see the region being part of Nepal. Nepal’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement and said: “Referring to the recent understanding reached between India and China on border trade through Lipu Lekh Pass, the Rt. Hon. Prime Minister stated that the territory belongs to Nepal and the Government of Nepal has registered a strong objection on the same.” It also noted, “According to the 1816 Treaty of Sugauli, the entire area to the east of the Mahakali river is part of the sovereign territory of Nepal.” (“In Tianjin, PM Oli expresses Nepal’s “strong objection” to India-China trade through Lipu Lekh Pass,” The Hindu, 30 August 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
China to hold trial of 30-day visa-free travel for Russian citizens
On 02 September, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that it will initiate a 30-day trial of visa-free travel for citizens of Russia. The ministry informs that this initiative will kick start from 15 September 2025. This will be applicable for Russian citizens with an ordinary passport. The holders of these passports are allowed business, sightseeing, family/friends, and transit. This was informed by the Ministry’s spokesperson, Guo Jiakun. Guo noted that China gives great importance to personal exchanges between the two countries, and said: “We welcome more Russian friends to visit China more often.” (“Update: China to trial visa-free policy for Russian citizens,” CGTN, 02 September 2025)

EXTERNAL
China’s Foreign Minister notes highlights from the SCO meeting
On 01 September, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi noted the highlights and takeaways from the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), held in Tianjin 2025. Wang Yi noted that China proposed Global Governance, stating that the initiative is timely against the needs of the world. Four new SCO centers were established, focusing on countering security threats and challenges, tackling transnational organized crimes, improving information security, and strengthening anti-drug cooperation. Wang said: “China vowed to establish new cooperation platforms and centers on energy, green industry, digital economy, scientific and technological innovation, higher education, and vocational and technical education. Action plans were also developed to promote high-quality development, covering fields including energy, green industry, digital economy, artificial intelligence and tech innovation.” (“Chinese FM highlights fruitful outcomes of SCO Summit 2025 in Tianjin,” CGTN, 02 September 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
North Korea is in China for the largest military parade in China
On 02 September, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un traveled to China to attend the largest ever military parade by China. This event is to celebrate Japan’s surrender in World War II. This will be the 80^th anniversary. He will be joining Russian President Vladimir Putin and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian. Kim will be joined by an entourage of his Foreign Minister Choe Son Hui, who is also responsible for building weapons in North Korea for over a decade. (“North Korea's Kim Jong Un heads to Beijing by train to attend parade, state media says,” Reuters, 02 September 2025)

CHINA & THE MIDDLE EAST
China and Russia reject EU sanctions against Iran over nuclear program
On 01 September, UN Security Council members China and Russia rejected the European UN sanctions imposed on Iran, citing the nuclear agreement. A letter was signed by the Foreign Ministers of Russia, China, and Iran, stating that the sanctions were legally and procedurally flawed. China, Russia, and three European countries are signatories to Iran's 2015 nuclear deal. The EU launched its snapback mechanism, accusing Iran of violating the nuclear deal and curbing its nuclear program. Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi called this: “abuses the authority and functions of the UN Security Council.” He also said: “Our joint letter with my colleagues, the foreign ministers of China and Russia, signed in Tianjin, reflects the firm position that the European attempt to invoke snapback is legally baseless and politically destructive.” (“China, Russia join Iran in rejecting European move to restore sanctions on Tehran,” Reuters, 01 September 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 01 September 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 177
CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China and India pledge to be partners and not rivals at the SCO summit, reports BBC
On 01 September, the BBC reported that India and China pledged to be partners, not rivals, at the SCO summit held in Tianjin. China’s President Xi Jinping met India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi for the Shanghai Co-operation Organisation meeting. This is Modi’s first visit to China in seven years. Xi noted that they should be partners as they move towards peace and stability. There are several background developments to be noted here. The Trump administration imposed hefty tariffs on all countries, and currently, India is facing one of the biggest tariffs. This has led to many countries forging ties to mitigate the effects of the tariffs. Additionally, India and China have been taking steps to resolve their conflict. With the de-escalation at the border, resumption of direct flights, and the opening of border trade. Xi said: “Both sides need to approach and handle our relationship from a strategic height and long-term perspective,” and that “it is the right choice for both sides to be friends.” SCO was first established in 2001 by China, Russia, and Central Asian countries to counter Western alliances like NATO. (“China and India pledge to be 'partners not rivals,” BBC, 01 September 2025)
 
CHINA & RUSSIA
Putin and Xi call for genuine multilateralism at the SCO summit
On 01 September, China’s President Xi Jinping called the leaders attending the SCO summit to leverage the mega-scale market. This was backed by Russia’s President Vladimir Putin, who is also attending the summit. Xi noted that more than 20 world leaders are attending the two-day summit and said: “We should advocate for equal and orderly multipolarisation of the world, inclusive economic globalisation and promote the construction of a more just and equitable global governance system,” and that “We must take advantage of the mega-scale market... to improve the level of trade and investment facilitation.” Putin responded to Xi and stated that the summit had revised multilateralism as he called to keep the political and socio-economic egos aside. He said: “This security system, unlike Euro-centric and Euro-Atlantic models, would genuinely consider the interests of a broad range of countries, be truly balanced, and would not allow one country to ensure its own security at the expense of others.” (“China's Xi, Russia's Putin share vision for new global order at security forum,” Reuters, 01 September 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHONOLOGY
China has the most nanotechnology patents globally, reports CGTN
On 01 September, CGTN reported that China accounts for 43 per cent of global authorized nanotechnology patents over the last 25 years. Between 2000 and 2025, more than 1.07 million nanotechnology patents were granted globally, with China accounting for 464,000. The key areas they have patents on are semiconductors, biomedicine, and new materials. The Chinese Academy of Sciences ranks first among global patent holders with 23,400 patents. The transfer and licensing rate of nanotechnology patents in China has exceeded 8 percent, reflecting continuous improvement in the efficiency of commercialization. (“White paper: China's nanotechnology patents top the world,” CGTN, 01 September 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
600,000 Chinese students can enroll in American universities, says Donald Trump
On 27 August, AP reported on US President Donald Trump stating that he will allow 600,000 Chinese students to attend American universities. This stands in contrast to the measures introduced by the administration, where they added vetting of students and blocking foreign enrollments. US Secretary of State Marco Rubio noted that China is the second-highest when it comes to sending its students. Any visa has been revoked for students who have ties with the Communist Party of China.  Trump said: “I hear so many stories about ‘We are not going to allow their students,’ but we are going to allow their students to come in. We are going to allow it. It’s very important — 600,000 students.” China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson, Guo Jiakun said: “We hope the U.S. side will implement President Trump's statement of welcoming Chinese students in real terms.” (“Trump saying 600,000 Chinese students could come to the US draws MAGA backlash,” AP, 27 August 2025; “China hopes U.S. will safeguard legitimate rights, interests of Chinese students, says foreign ministry,” CGTN, 27 August 2025)

Mexico to raise tariffs on Chinese imports, reports Bloomberg Tax
On 28 August, Bloomberg Tax reported that Mexico has raised its tariffs on imports from China. This was revealed as part of the 2026 budget proposal, stating that they want to protect their national business from cheap imports from China. The tariff hike is reckoned to include cars, textiles, and plastics. Additionally, other Asian countries are expected to face increased tariffs from Mexico. It is also assumed that the proposal to increase tariffs is due to America’s pressure. China is Mexico’s third-largest trading partner, and the US is the first. Mexico for long been the backdoor to America’s market, through which Chinese goods are circumvented to the country. This comes as the US seeks to lessen its dependence on Chinese goods and halt the other ways through which Chinese products can enter the US. (“Mexico to Raise Tariffs on Imports From China After US Push,” Bloomberg Tax, 28 August 2025)

China and Canada hold their 28th Joint Economic and Trade Commission meeting
On 26 August, China and Canada held their 28^th Joint Economic and Trade Commission meeting in Ottawa. During this meeting, they discussed measures to improve bilateral trade and economic relations, according to China’s Ministry of Commerce. China’s Vice Minister of Commerce Li Chenggang stated that the meeting is a critical step to implement a consensus between the two countries. China noted that they are willing to work with Canada to manage their difference and address mutual economic and trade concerns. Before this meeting, several working-level meetings were held aimed at exploring concrete pathways to enhance bilateral trade. (“China willing to work with Canada to expand trade and economic cooperation: senior Chinese official,” Global Times, 28 August 2025 )