China Reader Daily Wire | 28 November 2025, Friday | Vol 2 No. 233
INTERNAL
128 dead after a fire in a Hong Kong high-rise building
On 28 November, the BBC reported that 128 people had died in the fire that engulfed the Hong Kong high-rise building. Security Chief Tang Ping-Keung attributes the rapid spread of the blaze to Styrofoam placed outside the windows of the apartment blocks. Fire alarms in all eight blocks were also found to be not working effectively, authorities say. Several residents have previously reported that their alarms did not sound when the fire broke out. The situation is currently developing. (“Hong Kong fire death toll rises to 128 as officials say fire alarms not working properly,” BBC, 28 November 2025)

China’s Premier attends State Council executive meeting, reviews development report
On 27 November, Chinese Premier Li Qiang presided over a State Council executive meeting, reviewing the report on high-quality development. The meeting discussed that promoting the provincial-level pooling of basic medical insurance is a key measure to improve the basic medical insurance system with universal coverage. It urged efforts to coordinate and advance this pooling alongside a tiered health care system. It also called for legal guarantees should be provided to promote reading nationwide, that the high-quality supply of content should be expanded, and that reading facilities should be established and utilised effectively. (“Chinese premier chairs State Council executive meeting,” CGTN, 28 November 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Protest in Taiwan against Japan’s PM’s statements
On 27 November, people in Taiwan held a protest against Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's remarks. A member of the New Party in Taiwan said, “Takaichi's remarks are aimed at dragging Taiwan into war, and this is something we absolutely cannot tolerate.” Takaichi has repeatedly stirred up tension in the Taiwan Strait, while Lai and the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) authorities have ignored these rising tensions and have instead staged a show of support for Japan, said another member of the party. (“Young people gather in Taipei to denounce remarks by Takaichi, Lai Ching-te,” CGTN, 28 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China's Defence Ministry warns against Japan paying a painful price over Taiwan
On 27 November, China’s Ministry of National Defence warned that Japan would have to pay a painful price if it stepped over the line on Taiwan. This comes after Japan’s PM Sanae Takaichi made statements on Taiwan. Japan's Defence Minister Shinjiro Koizumi also informed that they are moving towards deploying a medium-range surface-to-air missile unit at a military base on Yonaguni, an island about 110 km (68 miles) off Taiwan's east coast. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Jiang Bin said: “Not only has Japan failed to deeply reflect on its grave crimes of aggression and colonial rule in Taiwan, but it has instead, in defiance of world opinion, entertained the delusion of military intervention in the Taiwan Strait.” (“Japan will pay 'painful price' if steps out of line over Taiwan, China military says,” Reuters, 27 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
India’s Army delegation to visit Sri Lanka to discuss Chinese vessels in the IOR
On 27 November, India Today reported that Indian Army chief General Upendra Dwivedi will embark on a high-stakes two-day visit to Sri Lanka in December. This is part of the ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy and a counter to China’s expanding naval and economic footprint in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). This visit focuses on Chinese ‘research vessels’ widely suspected of espionage activities in the IOR. At present, three Chinese vessels, Shi Yan 6, Shen Hai Yi Hao and Lan Hai 201 are operating in the Indian Ocean. (“Chinese vessels active in region, how India is engaging Sri Lanka,” India Today, 27 November 2025)

China can transform Bangladesh into a manufacturing hub, says Bangladesh’s Chief Advisor Mohammad Yunus
On 27 November, Chief Adviser Prof Muhammad Yunus, in a meeting with Vice-President of the Export-Import Bank of China, Yang Dongning, stated that China would help transform Bangladesh into a manufacturing hub producing goods for export to developed nations, including China. He said: “We can go full speed in these areas,” citing the pharmaceuticals and healthcare sector. Yunus said: “The world’s largest producer of solar energy could play a significant role in supporting Bangladesh’s transition to green energy through investments in solar panels and rooftop solar systems.” (“CA Yunus: Chinese investors can help transform Bangladesh into manufacturing hub,” Dhaka Tribune, 27 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 27 November 2025, Thursday | Vol 2 No. 232
INTERNAL
11 killed in China as train runs over railway workers
On 27 November, a train in China ran into a group of railway workers, killing 11 and injuring two in China's southwestern city of Kunming. This is the deadliest rail accident in more than a decade. The train, testing earthquake detection equipment, hit workers on a curved section of track at the city's Luoyang Town railway station, the officials said. China has the world’s largest rail network spanning 160,000 km, with billions of trips taken each year. Nine were killed in 2021 when a train in the northwestern province of Gansu ran into workers on a section of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway. (“Train runs down, kills 11 in China's worst rail accident in over a decade,” Reuters, 27 November 2025)

55 dead  and still counting after a fire broke out in Hong Kong’s public housing apartments
On 26 November, a major fire engulfed the public housing apartments of Hong Kong’s Tai Po district. According to the current estimate, 55 people have died, and 270 are missing as the relief measures are undergoing. Officials on Thursday morning said the fire was under control in four out of seven affected buildings. Three executives of the construction company were arrested on the use of flammable material that allowed the fire to spread quickly. Hundreds have also been evacuated to shelters, and Hong Kong has suspended all campaigning ahead of the elections for the Legislative Council. (“At least 55 dead and hundreds missing in Hong Kong as firefighters battle last of public housing fires,” BBC, 27 November 2025)

Chinese officials swaying votes to get projects, reports Xinhua
On 27 November, SCMP reported on a magazine report by Xinhua, stating that corrupt officials in China are manipulating collective decision-making procedures for personal gain. The report found that these people are manipulating subordinates to vote in advance. Xinhua report said: “In recent years, to standardise collective decision-making, systematic procedures and requirements were introduced in many places, including mandating public hearings and transparency mechanisms for matters closely related to the public interest.” (“Corrupt Chinese officials hold sham votes to approve projects, state media warns,” SCMP, 27 November 2025)

DEFENSE
China releases White Paper on arms control
On 27 November, China's State Council Information Office released a White Paper on “China's Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation in the New Era.” It said: “China plays a constructive role in international arms control, disarmament, and nonproliferation, and actively offers its initiatives and solutions. And “China proposes that with the universal participation of all countries, the UN should play a pivotal role in fostering a global governance framework and standards for emerging fields based on broad consensus, while increasing the representation and voice of developing countries.” (“China releases white paper on arms control in new era,” CGTN, 27 November 2025)

OUTER SPACE
China plans to launch three of its reusable rockets, “Long March 12A, Zhuque-3, and Tianlong-3”
On 27 November, SCMP reported that China is gearing up to launch its first reusable rockets with three contenders lined for testing at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre. If successful,l they will make history. Long March 12A, LandSpace’s Zhuque-3, and Space Pioneer’s Tianlong-3 are competing and being built for the massive internet satellite constellations. Both the Long March 12A and Zhuque-3 are aiming for December lift-offs that will try to reach orbit and bring their first stages back to Earth. If either rocket manages to reach orbit and land safely, China will become the second country after the United States to do so with an orbital-class booster. (“China has 3 reusable rockets lined up for launch as they vie to make history,” SCMP, 27 November 2025)

CNSA releases guidelines for commercial space collaboration, reports SCMP
On 26 November, SCMP reported that China’s National Space Administration (CNSA) released a joint action plan to the commercial space sector, pledging to integrate international commercial projects into its cooperative agenda. The ambitious plan could challenge a number of US laws and government regulations aiming to curb the expansion of China’s space industry on the global stage. The guidelines suggested that this is vital for building a strong space nation. The plan encourages commercial space firms to engage in international cooperation and exchanges, including helping developing countries build satellite applications. It also stated that China plans to take its commercial space industry global, suggesting it will no longer take restrictions set by the US for granted. (“China challenges US containment with global action plan for its commercial space industry,” SCMP, 26 November 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan unveils USD 39.85 billion defence budget plan for “T-Dome”
On 26 November, Taiwan’s President Lai Ching-te proposed a USD 39.85 billion special defence budget to fund the construction of a multilayered “T-Dome” for their air defence for the next eight years. This comes in light of the increasing threat and pressure from China and its aggression. Lai said: “T-Dome will provide low-, mid- and high-altitude air defence, incorporate artificial intelligence to improve detection and decision-making, and enhance Taiwan's ability to intercept threats to protect military assets, critical infrastructure and civilians.” According to Lai, the Ministry of National Defence (MND) has completed a draft provision for the budget, which is set to run from 2026 to 2033. Defence Minister Wellington Koo said: “T-Dome, the military plans to expand the number and types of air defence and anti-ballistic missiles in its arsenal and integrate them with early-warning and battle-management radar systems.” (“Lai unveils plan to budget US$40 billion to bolster Taiwan's defence,” Focus Taiwan, 27 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 26 November 2025, Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 231
EXTERNAL
Chinese private defence firms are getting opportunities amid rising tension, reports an editorial in SCMP
On 26 November, an editorial in SCMP reported that increasing global conflicts are creating opportunities for China’s private defence companies as customers, both at home and abroad, seek affordable and reliable military equipment. In light of recent conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and India and Pakistan, there has been an escalated demand for new equipment. While China’s major state-owned defence conglomerates continue to dominate weapons development, private companies have increasingly entered the sector in recent years under the country’s military-civil fusion strategy, which seeks to deepen integration between civilian and defence industries. (“China’s private defence companies see opportunities amid growing global conflicts,” SCMP, 26 November 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Chinese private firm launches hypersonic missile “YKJ-1000”
On 25 November, Lingkong Tianxing Technology launched the YKJ-1000 hypersonic missile in flight and demonstrated its capability to strike a real target at a desert testing range. A private Chinese aerospace company has become the first in the world to start mass production of a low-cost, high-performance hypersonic missile, suggesting a seismic shift in military technology and defence industrial dynamics. The company announced that the missile is in mass production and has only one-tenth the cost of traditional missiles. (“90% cost cut: Chinese civilian firm enters mass production of Mach 7 hypersonic missiles,” SCMP, 25 November 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan’s return to China is not an option, says Taiwanese Premier
On 25 November, Taiwan Premier Cho Jung-tai stated that returning to China is not an option for the Taiwanese people of 23 million after China’s President Xi Jinping laid its claim on Taiwan during a call with US President Donald Trump. Xi told Trump that Taiwan's "return to China" at the end of World War Two was a key part of Beijing's vision for the world order. Taiwan's democratically elected government strongly rejects China's stance. Cho said: “We must once again emphasise that the Republic of China, Taiwan, is a fully sovereign and independent country. For the 23 million people of our nation, 'return' is not an option - this is very clear.” China has offered Taiwan a "one country, two systems" model, which enjoys no support from any mainstream Taiwanese political party and has been rejected by President Lai Ching-te. (“'Return' to China not an option for Taiwan's people, premier says responding to Xi,” Reuters, 25 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Humanoid robots to be deployed at the China-Vietnam border
On 25 November, SCMP reported that UBTech Robotics announced that it had secured a major contract to deploy humanoids at border crossings to perform tasks such as guiding travellers, conducting inspections and handling logistics, as the country intensified efforts to apply robotics in the real world. The pilot initiative would see humanoid robots deployed at borders to assist with traveller guidance, personnel flow management, patrols, logistics operations and commercial services. The robots would also conduct inspections at manufacturing sites for steel, copper and aluminium. (“UBTech wins US$37 million deal to deploy humanoid robots at China-Vietnam border crossings,” SCMP, 25 November 2025)

CHINA & THE PACIFIC
China’s President and the King of Tonga discuss the future of bilateral cooperation
On 25 November, China’s President XI Jinping met with King Tupou VI of the Kingdom of Tonga. Xi to the king said: “China is willing to expand cooperation with Tonga on trade and investment, agriculture and fisheries, infrastructure, clean energy, medical and health care, tourism, and climate change response. China will also deepen exchanges in education, sports, youth, media, and subnational cooperation, and continue to provide assistance for Tonga's economic and social development within the framework of South-South cooperation.” King Tupou VI said: “Tonga is ready to expand cooperation with China in the fields of economy, trade, agriculture, clean energy, education, medical care, and environmental protection, among others. He added that the country is willing to learn from the CPC regarding the experience in state governance.” (“Xi meets Tonga's king, urging better alignment of development strategies,” 25 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China refutes claims that airport officers harassed Indian women
On 25 November, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Mao Ning claimed that China’s border inspection of the Indian National woman did not harass her. Mao said: “carried out verification procedures in accordance with laws and regulations, enforced the law fairly and civilly, and fully safeguarded the legitimate rights and interests of the individual concerned.” She said: “Zangnan is Chinese territory. China has never recognised the so-called Arunachal Pradesh illegally established by India.” Conducting border inspections on persons entering or exiting the country, and making decisions based on the circumstances of that particular entry or exit, is standard practice for border enforcement authorities in all countries. India’s Ministry of External Affairs had lodged strong representations over the matter with the Chinese authorities in Beijing and New Delhi. (“China denies harassing Indian woman born in disputed border region over ‘invalid’ passport,” SCMP, 25 November 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
Xi sends a congratulatory message on International Solidarity Day with Palestine
On 26 November, China’s President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory message for the UN meeting held to commemorate International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People. Xi said: “Conflict governance and reconstruction in Gaza should be carried out under the principle of "Palestinians governing Palestine," with full respect for the will of the Palestinian people and due regard for the legitimate concerns of countries in the region, Xi stressed the urgency of swiftly improving the humanitarian situation in Gaza and alleviating the suffering of the Palestinian people. Most importantly, he said, efforts should be anchored in the pursuit of a two-state solution to promote an early political settlement of the Palestinian issue.” (“Xi extends congratulations on Int'l Day of Solidarity with Palestinian People,” Global Times, 26 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 25 November 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 230
OUTER SPACE
China sends emergency spacecraft Shenzhou-22 to Tiangong Space Station
On 25 November, China sent an emergency replacement ship to travel to its Tiangong space station as a substitute return vessel. The uncrewed Shenzhou-22 spacecraft carrying 600kg (1,320 pounds) of goods, including food and equipment, was launched and was expected to dock with the Tiangong space station autonomously. This new vessel will replace the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft, which was used to bring back three astronauts to Earth. They had to new spacecraft because tiny cracks were visible after space debris hit them. This led to them not being able to make a safe return to Earth, as the spacecraft remains in orbit. Any further mishap could pose a challenge to the current Tiangong crew’s safe return next year. (“China sends emergency return vehicle to Tiangong space station to replace damaged craft,” SCMP, 25 November 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
China’s AS700 airship Xiangyun secures new orders, reports Global Times
On 25 November, Global Times reported that China’s homegrown AS700 passenger airship “Xiangyun” has secured an 18-unit contract from the Hejiang Airspace Integration Low-altitude Industry Development Co. The deal is the first major order following the Aviation Industry Corporation of China's (AVIC). The statement said: “The progression from first delivery to batch production orders—alongside scenario validation and the start of commercial operations—signals that China has completed the full chain of development, production, certification, delivery and operation for manned airships.” (“China’s manned AS700 airship secures new orders, helping advance low-altitude economy,” Global Times, 25 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Former Global Times editors call for the media house to restrain criticism of Japan, reports SCMP
On 25 November, SCMP reported that the former editor of the Chinese nationalist newspaper Global Times, Hu Xijin. Urged the media to manage public expectations and refrain from using harsh language that does not reflect the actual situation. Hu said that official accounts should strive to “use precise language and convey factual information”, thereby “guiding public expectations and preventing misjudgments among citizens.” Hu said: “The fight against Japan is likely to last for a long time. Resilience and sustainability are warranted as we need to maintain the determination, rationality and unity of Chinese society.” (“Former editor Hu Xijin urges restraint in official China media’s criticism of Japan,” SCMP, 25 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Myanmar Junta condemns Japanese PM remarks on Taiwan
On 24 November, The Irrawaddy reported that Junta spokesman Zaw Min Tun condemned Japanese Prime Minister Sanai Takaichi and reaffirmed to One China policy and its loyalty to China. He stated that Japan has learned no lessons from the history and have no remorse of the wartime crimes. He accused Japan of encouraging Taiwanese Independence. Many Myanmar citizens quickly pushed back online against Xinhua’s coverage and the Chinese Embassy’s Facebook posts, noting that the junta does not represent the people. (“Myanmar Junta Backs China in Row With Japan Over Taiwan Remarks,” The Irrawaddy, 24 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Chinese national detained at Nepal-India border, reports Times of India
On 25 November, The Times of India reported that Indian security agencies detained Chinese nationals at the Rupaidiha checkpoint along the India-Nepal border, after they were found filming sites inside the Indian territory. The arrest triggered an alert across the border region units. SI Ratnesh Yadav of Sashastra Seema Bal’s (SSB) was conducting a routine surveillance. After the search, three mobile phones were recovered with Chinese, Nepali and Pakistani currency. (“Chinese national held India-Nepal border,” Times of India, 25 November 2025)

An Indian woman from Arunachal Pradesh was held at the Shanghai airport over an invalid passport claim, reports The India Express
On 25 November, The Indian Express reported that an Indian woman from Arunachal Pradesh was harassed at the Shanghai transit by the Chinese officials. She was held at the airport for 18 hours on the grounds that her Indian passport for Arunachal Pradesh was invalid. India has launched a strong demarche against China. The woman was singled out at the Shanghai Pudong Airport by the security. She told the Indian Express, “On October 16, I had very successfully transited through the same airport. There was no issue, which is why it is clear that this was a case of harassment. I was waiting in the queue at the security gate when a lady came, singled me out, and took me out of the queue. I asked the authorities there what happened, and they pointed at my passport, which has Arunachal Pradesh as my birthplace. They were insisting that Arunachal Pradesh is a part of China, and that therefore, my passport is not valid. I asked them what laws state this or what written document specifies that such a passport is invalid.” (“India issues ‘strong demarche’ after woman ‘held up at Shanghai airport’ over Arunachal mention in passport,” The India Express, 25 November 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
UK Prime Minister meets China’s Premier Li Qiang on the sidelines of the G20 Summit
On 25 November, SCMP reported that the British Prime Minister Keir Starmer met China’s Premier Li Qiang on the sidelines of the G20 summit. This comes in light of the speculated Stamer visit to China and the possible approval to build a mega Chinese embassy in London. Stamer when asked about China said: “Our approach is the same approach as we’ve always taken, which is cooperate where we can and challenge where we must, particularly on national security,” “You saw that this week, in relation to espionage, we had a statement in the House [of Commons] setting out the action the government is taking along with MI5 because we will always robustly protect our interests.” While there was no official meeting, they just brushed by each other. (“UK’s Starmer met Premier Li Qiang at G20 in South Africa amid Beijing visit rumours,” SCMP, 25 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China and Trump discuss the Taiwan issue and affirm to meet next year
On 24 November, China’s President Xi Jinping told US President Donald Trump over a telephone call that China’s claims over Taiwan remain unchanged. He stated that for China, Taiwan is an integral part of China. China claims Taiwan as part of its territory and has vowed to annex it by force if necessary. Taiwan’s democratically elected government strongly rejects China’s stance. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs called to build a fragile truce between the US and China. This comes after Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi made comments on Taiwan, and she also had a telephonic call with Trump. China’s Foreign Ministry on social media claimed that Trump underscored how important Taiwan is for China. (“China’s Xi Jinping raises future of Taiwan in call with Donald Trump,” The Guardian, 25 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 24 November 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 229
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
China launched a commercial Internet of Things satellite, reports CGTN
On 24 November, CGTN reported that China has launched a commercial trial of satellite Internet of Things (IoT) services to diversify the supply in the satellite communication market. CGTN reported that the trial aims to diversify the supply in the satellite communication market, stimulate the vitality of market entities, enhance industry service capabilities, establish a security regulatory system, and develop replicable and scalable experiences and models. China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued guidance on optimising market access to promote the development of the satellite communication industry, which outlines a comprehensive plan and systematic approach to opening up satellite communication services. (“China launches commercial trial of satellite Internet of Things services,” CGTN, 24 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China’s Foreign Minister urges Japan to retract its statement on Taiwan
On 23 November, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi urged Japan to take back its statements and reflect on Takaichi’s comments on Taiwan. He said: “If Japan persists in its own way and keeps making the same mistakes, all countries and people who advocate justice have the right to re-examine Japan's historical crimes and have the responsibility to resolutely prevent the resurgence of Japanese militarism.” And that “Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have openly emphasized that there is only one China in the world and that Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory. They oppose any form of "Taiwan independence" and firmly support all efforts by the Chinese government to achieve national reunification.” (“Chinese foreign minister urges Japan to reflect on, correct mistakes as soon as possible,” CGTN, 23 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China and Vietnam hold Cooperation Week for the Honghe River Basin
On 22 November, the China–Vietnam Cooperation Week for the Honghe River Basin was opened. This meeting aimed to have more practical avenues of advanced coordinated regional development. The meeting invited representatives of research institutions and the governments of the two countries. Consul General of Vietnam, Hoang Minh Son said: “It will help strengthen cooperation in areas such as green economic development, digital transformation, water resource protection, climate change response, and cultural and ecological tourism.” (“China, Vietnam boost cooperation through Honghe River Basin Initiative,” CGTN, 22 November 2025)

The Philippines’ four-pronged strategy to counter China shares the Philippines Major General
On 23 November, the Indo-Pacific Defense Forum published an op-ed by Maj. Gen. Elmer B. Suderio from the Armed Forces of the Philippines. He noted that to counter Chinese aggression in the West Philippine Sea, the Philippine armed forces have launched four initiatives to protect their sovereignty. First, maintain an active presence; Second, leverage allies and partner; Third, transparency of their activities in the regions; Fourth, adopt a whole-of-nation approach. He said: “Through our four-pronged initiative, the Philippines’ position in the WPS has gained traction with domestic and international audiences, portraying the AFP as a credible source of information and fostering strong and sustained support. This trust is vital, as it empowers our nation to stand united in the protection of our sovereign rights and the security of our future.” (“Philippines counters China’s aggression with 4 key initiatives,” Indo Pacific Defense Forum, 23 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Maritime Silk Road bring China and the Maldives closer, says the Maldives’ minister of Tourism
On 22 November, an interview was held by Xinhua with Maldivian Minister of State for Tourism and Environment Abdulla Niyaz. The meeting focused on the cooperation between the two countries on the Maritime Silk Road. He was attending the 2025 Maritime Silk Road Urban Cooperation & Development Conference and the International Travel Agents Conference. The minister said: “By working together along the Maritime Silk Road, China and the Maldives can turn challenges into opportunities and continue building shared prosperity for our peoples and the region.” (“Interview: Maritime Silk Road brings China, Maldives ever closer -- Maldivian tourism minister,” Xinhua, 22 November 2025)

CHINA & AFRICAS
China at the G20 Africa Summit, reports SCMP
On 23 November, SCMP reported on China at the G20 summit held in Johannesburg Africa. SCMP reported that with the US a no-show, China and its allies drove the consensus on a Global South agenda that has dominated G20 summits since 2022. Chinese Premier Li Qiang sent when he addressed the leaders called for: “accelerate the reform of institutions such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the World Trade Organization.” Li also rejected unilateralism and affirmed China’s support for debt relief for developing countries. He also called: “adhere to the principle of working together in solidarity, firmly uphold free trade, and build an open world economy.” (“G20 South Africa summit sees China, allies drive agenda as US stays away,” SCMP, 23 November 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
China calls for closer ties with Germany, reports Reuters
On 23 November, China’s Premier Li Qiang met with German Chancellor Friedrich Merz on the sidelines of the G20 summit. Li suggested stronger ties between the two governments. He said: “Our two governments should work together to strengthen dialogue and communication to properly address their respective concerns,” and that they are important trading partners. Merz is expected to visit China soon, where he should meet Chinese President Xi Jinping, while top diplomat Wadephul agreed with his Chinese counterpart Wang Yi earlier this month to reschedule his trip to the Chinese capital. (“China pitches closer ties to Germany in strategic industries to ease rare earth strains,” Reuters, 24 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 22 November 2025, Saturday | Vol 2 No. 228
EXTERNAL
China’s UN representative issues a letter to the UN over the Japanese PM’s remarks on Taiwan
On 22 November, CGTN reported that China's Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Fu Cong, sent a letter to UN Secretary-General António Guterres. Over China’s position on the erroneous remarks made by Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi. Fu said: “Takaichi openly issued blatant provocations on Taiwan during a parliamentary session earlier this month. He stressed that this marked the first time since Japan's 1945 defeat that a Japanese leader had, in a formal setting, promoted the notion that "a Taiwan contingency is a Japan contingency" and linked it to the exercise of collective self-defence; the first time Japan had openly hinted at armed involvement in the Taiwan question; and the first time it had issued an implied military threat against China – a direct challenge to China's core interests.” He stated that Takaichi's statement violates international law and the basic norms governing international relations, undermines the post-war order, and constitutes a blatant provocation to the 1.4 billion Chinese people and other Asian nations that suffered from Japan's wartime aggression. (“Ambassador Fu Cong sends letter to UN secretary-general, condemning Takaichi's remarks on Taiwan,” CGTN, 22 November 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan increases its military budget to USD 32 million, focused on drone tech
On 22 November, SCMP reported that Taiwan’s military plans to allocate USD 32 million for drone technology and bolster its asymmetric warfare strength amid pressure from China. The initiative aims to develop core technologies that would allow drones to operate without Global Positioning System support; resist jamming, and use high-density battery capabilities seen as critical in a conflict with Beijing. The goal is to build an innovative research and development and manufacturing cluster, as well as strengthen Taiwan’s emerging drone industry ecosystem. (“Taiwanese military budgets US$32 million for drone tech amid Beijing’s pressure,” SCMP, 22 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Protestors outside the PM’s office in Japan calling to “Retract remarks, oppose war”
On 22 November, Japanese people took to the streets protesting in front of Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s office in Tokyo. They demand that Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi retract her erroneous statements and offer an explanation. The protestors’ slogans said: “Retract remarks, oppose war," "This is all because of Takaichi," and "Takaichi step down," and shouted out slogans like "Prevent the resurgence of militarism." Some even demanded that Takaichi take responsibility by resigning from her position. Protester Okahara said, “What exactly does Takaichi want to achieve? Why did she make such remarks that would provoke a neighbouring country? It's truly incomprehensible.” And that “he must sincerely apologise, retract her statement, and resign as prime minister. Such a person is not suitable for participating in politics.” (“Hundreds of Japanese protestors demand Takaichi retract Taiwan remarks,” Xinhua, 22 November 2025)

Chinese ships avoiding Japanese ports amid tensions, reports Reuters
On 21 November, Reuters reported that Chinese cruise ships are avoiding Japanese ports after the rising tensions since Takaichi’s statements on Taiwan. This is also expected to increase tourism in South Korea as Chinese people are cancelling their tickets to Japan. Tour and port agents stated tensions, sparked by recent remarks from Japan's new prime minister, could cause Chinese tourists to be redirected to South Korea from Japan. Adora Magic City, a Chinese cruise ship that travels to South Korea's touristy island of Jeju as well as Japan, has changed its schedule for December to avoid stopping at the Japanese ports of Fukuoka. (“Chinese cruise ships look to steer clear of Japan amid diplomatic dispute,” Reuters, 21 November 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
China’s Premier affirms cooperation with South Africa 

Chief Scientist found faking credentials, reports SCMP
On 20 November, SCMP reported that the Chief Scientist of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Guo Wei, was under investigation for academic misconduct and misuse of research funds. His academic contract has been terminated over these accusations. Guo’s academic credentials appear impressive, but mounting evidence suggests that some of them may have been faked. There are claims that he may only have a high school qualification and never even received a degree. The scandal led to widespread criticism over China’s recruitment process. (“Chief scientist at China’s top naval research institute detained over ‘faked’ credentials,” SCMP, 20 November 2025)

CPC holds the symposium for 110^th birth anniversary of Hu Yaobang
On 20 November, CPC held a symposium at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing to mark the 110th anniversary of the birth of Hu Yaobang, a former prominent Party leader. China’s President Xi Jinping also attended the event, where he said: “Hu's glorious life and extraordinary contributions. Speaking highly of his indomitable revolutionary will, Xi urged all Party members to follow Hu's example by holding fast to their ideals and convictions, staying loyal to the Party, throwing themselves into advancing Chinese modernisation, and working hard toward their shared, high ideal.” Additionally, “Hu had placed great emphasis on rectifying the Party's conduct, calling on all Party members, especially leading officials, to follow his example by maintaining integrity and upholding the political character of Communists as honest, upright and free from corruption.” (“CPC holds symposium to commemorate 110th birth anniversary of Hu Yaobang,” CGTN, 20 November 2025)

MARITIME
China starts the preservation of historic sites in Woody Island, reports SCMP
On 21 November, China launched a campaign to preserve historical sites on the disputed Woody Island as it seeks to cement its territorial claims in the South China Sea. A team of scientists from Hainan Province will spend six days reinforcing a monument that marks China’s takeover of the Paracel Islands. The monument was erected in 1946 by the Kuomintang (KMT) government, which sent naval expeditions to Woody Island to claim the Paracels and the Spratly Islands, which China calls the Nansha Islands, after Japan’s surrender at the end of the war. The island was then named after one of the navy’s warships, the Yongxing, according to reports by SCMP. The Island is also claimed by Vietnam, claiming the archipelago. The statement by the scientist read: “The Xisha Recovery Monument … stands as a powerful testament to China’s restoration of sovereignty over the South China Sea islands following the illegal occupation by Japan during World War II.” (“Beijing launches historic preservation campaign to cement South China Sea claims,” SCMP, 21 November 2025)

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China’s diesel trucks shift to electric, reports AP
On 20 November, Associated Press reported that China is replacing its diesel trucks with electric models. This can shape the future of global fuel and the future of heavy transport. By the first half of 2025, battery-powered trucks accounted for 22 per cent of new heavy truck sales, up from 9.2 per cent in the same period in 2024, according to Commercial Vehicle World. China’s trucking industry is the second largest after the US, which, as of now, runs on diesel. (“China’s diesel trucks are shifting to electric. That could change global LNG and diesel demand,” AP, 20 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China cancels minister-level meeting between China-Japan-South Korea over tensions with Tokyo
On 20 November, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Mao Ning informed that there are no arrangements made for China’s Premier Li Qiang to meet the Japanese leader. Japan’s Chief Cabinet Secretary Minoru Kihara said the following day that Tokyo was still open to dialogue with China. China also cancelled the ministerial-level meeting scheduled for this month between China, Japan and South Korea. On which Mao stated that Takaichi’s remarks undermine the foundation and atmosphere, “made the conditions of holding China-Japan-South Korea meetings temporarily unsuitable.” (“China tells Japan to ‘behave’ properly as it dismisses call for talks,” SCMP, 20 November 2025)

Chinese travellers cancel hundreds of flights to Japan amid diplomatic row, reports The Guardian
On 20 November, The Guardian reported that Chinese travellers have cancelled hundreds of thousands of tickets flying to Japan. Amid reported that there have been suspended visa processing and cultural exchanges. At least seven Chinese airlines, including the three state carriers, said they would offer free cancellations to travellers with flights booked to the country. Sichuan Airlines had cancelled all flights between Chengdu and Sapporo from January until late March, and the budget carrier Spring Airlines had cancelled “multiple” Japan flights. Both airlines cited “company planning reasons.” (“Chinese travellers cancel hundreds of thousands of trips to Japan amid rising tensions,” The Guardian, 20 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Chinese women in the Philippines get life imprisonment over human trafficking charges, reports Al-Jazeera
On 20 November, Al-Jazeera reported that the Philippines court sentenced a Chinese woman who became a mayor while acting as a Philippine citizen to life imprisonment on human trafficking charges. Alice Guo, 35, who served as mayor of a town north of Manila, was found guilty of running a Chinese gambling centre where hundreds of people worked and conspired in online scams. State prosecutor Olivia Torrevillas said: “After just one year, the court … gave us a favourable decision. Alice (Guo) was convicted along with seven other co-accused. Life imprisonment.” (“Chinese woman who became Philippines mayor gets life for human trafficking,” Al-Jazeera, 20 November 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
China’s Premier attends the Tanzania TAZARA revitalisation project event
On 20 November, China’s Premier Li Qiang asserted that China is willing to work with Zambia and Tanzania to advance the development and prosperity of the TAZARA railways. He attended the TAZARA revitalisation project, alongside Zambian President Hakainde Hichilema and Tanzanian Vice President Emmanuel Nchimbi. Li said: “Over the past year, relevant departments and enterprises from the three countries have worked together, making significant progress and paving the way for the project's formal commencement.” He added, “China is ready to work with Zambia and Tanzania to ensure that this railway, filled with hope, shines with renewed splendour in the new era, injecting greater vitality into the development of Tanzania, Zambia and even the entire African continent.” (“Chinese premier says willing to work with Zambia, Tanzania to build new economic hub,” CGTN, 21 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
US Justice Department accuse China of AI chip smuggling
On 21 November, the US Justice Department charged four people in a scheme to illegally export Nvidia’s open tab AI chips to China, prompting a key House Republican to call for urgent passage of a chip-tracking bill. The US House Select Committee on China said: “China recognises the superiority of American AI innovation and will do whatever it must to catch up,” and, "That's why the bipartisan Chip Security Act is urgently needed.” They charge two US citizens and two Chinese nationals with conspiring to export Nvidia GPUs to China without required licenses. (“Alleged AI chip smuggling to China leads to US calls for chip tracking,” Reuters, 21 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire |  19 November 2025, Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 225
EXTERNAL
China’s Premier attends the SCO meeting of Council Heads, reports CGTN
On 18 November, China’s Premier Li Qiang attended the 24^th Meeting of the Council of Heads of Government of Member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Moscow. Li said: “Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is equipped and capable of taking the joint implementation of the Global Governance Initiative (GGI) as an opportunity to play a greater role in bringing the world under good governance.” He also said: “China is willing to work with all member countries to pay more attention to strategic coordination, effectively promote the implementation of cooperation, optimise and improve the operation mechanism, further enhance cohesion, capacity for action, and influence, and continuously make the SCO better and stronger.” (“Chinese premier says SCO can play greater role in promoting good global governance,” CGTN, 19 November 2025)

MARITIME
Fujian completes its first training mission 
On 18 November, China’s flagship and the newest aircraft carrier, Fujian, returned to port after completing its training mission. CCTV reported that “first maritime live-force training” for the world’s biggest conventionally powered warship since it was commissioned into the PLA Navy. This is China’s first domestically designed carrier has a displacement of more than 80,000 tonnes and is equipped with an advanced electromagnetic catapult launch system and arresting gear. During its training, they processed multiple catapult launches and arrested landings. CCTV reported that “to assess training outcomes and strengthen the armed forces’ ability to protect China’s sovereignty, security, and developmental interests.” (“China’s Fujian aircraft conducts first training exercise shortly after entering service,” SCMP, 18 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Chinese travellers cancel hundreds of flights to Japan amid diplomatic row, reports The Guardian
On 18 November, The Guardian reported that Chinese travellers have cancelled hundreds of thousands of tickets flying to Japan. Amid reported that there have been suspended visa processing and cultural exchanges. At least seven Chinese airlines, including the three state carriers, said they would offer free cancellations to travellers with flights booked to the country. Sichuan Airlines had cancelled all flights between Chengdu and Sapporo from January until late March, and the budget carrier Spring Airlines had cancelled “multiple” Japan flights. Both airlines cited “company planning reasons.” (“Chinese travellers cancel hundreds of thousands of trips to Japan amid rising tensions,” The Guardian, 18 November 2025)

Japan is unqualified to seek a permanent seat in the UNSC, says China's UNSC representative
On 18 November, China's permanent representative to the United Nations, Fu Cong, stated that the Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi and her country are not qualified to seek a permanent seat in the UNSC.  FU made these statements at the UGA annual debate and said: “It is well known that there is only one China in the world, and the government of the People's Republic of China is the sole legitimate government representing all of China. Taiwan is an inseparable part of Chinese territory.” “Such remarks are an affront to international justice, the post-war international order, and the basic norms of international relations, and represent a blatant departure from Japan's commitment to peaceful development.” (“Japan totally unqualified to seek permanent seat on UN Security Council: China's permanent representative,” Global Times, 19 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Air India aviation company lobbies to use Chinese sensitive military airspace, reports Reuters
On 19 November, Reuters reported that Air India is asking the Indian government to urge China to let it use the sensitive military airspace zone in Xinjiang to shorten routes, as the financial toll from a ban on Indian carriers flying over Pakistan mounts. This comes weeks after direct India-China flights resumed after a five-year hiatus. For Air India, the country's only carrier with a major international network, fuel costs have risen by as much as 29 per cent and journey times by up to three hours on some long-haul routes. (“Exclusive: Air India lobbies to use airspace over China's Xinjiang as financial woes mount,” Reuters, 19 November 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Chinese investments in the UK give access to critical industries, reports BBC
On 17 November, the BBC reported that investments made by China are giving them access to military grade technology in the UK. According to AidData, UK has been the top destination among G7 nations for these investments, relative to the size of its population and economy. The UK has been far too free in allowing access to strategic industries. Some government-backed Chinese investments were purely commercial but others were in line with Beijing's strategic objectives, according to Dr Brad Parks, AidData's executive director. (“China's investment spree in UK gave it access to military-grade technology,” BBC, 17 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Brazil approves Chinese naval docking, reports SCMP
On 19 November, SCMP reported that Brazil had cleared Chinese navy hospital ships to be docked in Rio De Janeiro. The official statement allows the Ark Silk Road to remain in Rio from January 8 to January 15 next year. The 178 metre (584 feet) vessel operates under China’s People’s Liberation Army Navy. The Chinese and US port calls come as both countries expand their naval activity in the region. China will be docking its ship for the Harmony Mission 2025, the 220-day humanitarian deployment the ship is currently on. (“Brazil approves China’s naval visit while US research ship plans call nearby,” SCMP, 19 November 2025)

Chinese firms investing in US critical sectors, an editorial in BBC
On 18 November, an editorial in the BBC reported that the US, since 2018, has been tightening laws to prevent rivals from buying sensitive sectors by blocking investments. This started when a veteran journalist covering the US intelligence community got a tip-off: a small insurance company that specialised in selling liability insurance to FBI and CIA agents had been sold to a Chinese entity, reports BBC. He said: “Do you know that the insurance company that insures intelligence personnel is owned by the Chinese?” In 2015, Wright UAS was being quietly purchased by Fosun Group, a private firm believed to have close connections with the CCP. (“A Chinese firm bought an insurer for CIA agents - part of Beijing's trillion dollar spending spree,” BBC, 18 November 2025)

China is purchasing more soybeans from the US, reports SCMP
On 18 November, SCMP reported that the US soybean industry looks like it is recovering, showcasing that China stepped up in buying. Brokerage AgResource Co said importers in China have bought seven to 10 cargoes from the US. After a year full of tiff, the US administration under Donald Trump announced that China will be buying 12 million tons of soybeans this season. So far, only 232,000 tons were destined for China out of a total of 1.2 million in soybean sales. Prices in Chicago rose as much as 3.2 per cent. (“US soybean futures rebound on signs China is ramping up purchases,” SCMP, 18 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire |  18 November 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 224
CHINA & EAST ASIA
China’s Premier will not meet Japan's Prime Minister on the sidelines of the G20 Summit
On 17 November, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that China’s Premier Li Qiang does not plan to meet with Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi on the sidelines of the G20 summit held in South Africa. The announcement came as a senior Japanese Foreign Ministry official arrived in China for a visit aimed at easing the diplomatic spat that has begun to affect travel and tourism between the two countries, as well as the entertainment industry. China has criticised Takaichi’s statement on Taiwan and the possible use of force by Japan under the “survival-threatening situation.” (“China says Premier Li has no plans to meet with Japan PM at G20,” Japan Wire, 17 November 2025)

China to delay release of Japanese films amid escalated tensions, reports BBC
On 18 November, the BBC reported that the release of popular Japanese films has been postponed in China due to the ongoing dispute over Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s remarks on Taiwan. The delayed releases include Cells at Work! and Crayon Shin-chan the Movie: Super-Hot! The Spicy Kasukabe Dancers. CCTV reported that film distributors and importers have decided to postpone the releases after assessing the overall outlook of Japanese films in China and the sentiment among Chinese audiences. It is not clear how long this ban will be or delay will be. Additionally, China has imposed a travel advisory to its citizens to Japan. (“Japan movie releases postponed in China after Taiwan row,” BBC, 18 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China and Vietnam to hold 39^th joint patrol
On 18 November, China’s Defence Ministry announced that it will be holding the 9th joint patrol in Beibu Gulf. A vessel formation will be conducted by the navies of both countries. This is based on the agreements signed between the two militaries. The ministry said: “This will further strengthen practical cooperation between the two militaries and enhance their capability to jointly safeguard the security of the relevant waters.” They also said: “The joint patrol will be carried out in accordance with relevant agreements and arrangements between the two militaries. It aims to further enhance pragmatic cooperation between the two militaries and improve their ability to jointly safeguard the security of relevant water.” (“China, Vietnam to conduct joint patrol in waters of Beibu Gulf,” Xinhua, 18 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Tibetan Parliament in exile calls for China to resolve the conflict during the 14^th Dalai Lama’s lifetime
On 17 November, the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile called to resolve the Sino-Tibetan conflict and to end it during the lifetime of the 14^th Dalai Lama, who has been in exile for 66 years now. They also marked the 75^th anniversary of the assumption of the temporal and spiritual lead of Tibet by the 14^th Dalai Lama. The Dharamshala-based parliament said: “On this occasion, we reiterate our call on the leaders of the government of China to make sincere efforts to resolve the Sino-Tibetan conflict during the lifetime of the Dalai Lama.” On November 17, 1950, the 14th Dalai Lama assumed authority as the temporal head and spiritual leader of Tibet. The last round of dialogue took place in 2019. They also said: “From 2002, nine rounds of Sino-Tibetan talks were held. Nevertheless, due to the deeply ingrained mistrust of the Chinese leadership, these talks did not yield meaningful progress toward a positive resolution of the Sino-Tibetan conflict.” (“Tibetan Parl-in-Exile calls on China to resolve conflict during Dalai Lama’s lifetime,” Hindustan Times, 18 November 2025)
 
CHINA & WEST ASIA
Syria’s Foreign Minister met his Chinese counterpart and pledged efforts towards counter terrorism
On 17 November, Syrian Foreign Minister Asaad al-Shaibani visited China for the first time since the toppling of Former President Bashar al-Assad’s regime. During his visit, he asserted that they would deepen cooperation with China and collaborate on counter terrorism activities. Al-Shaibani met with his Chinese counterpart, Wang Yi, where both heads agreed to work on combating terrorism, with Damascus pledging to now allow their territory to be used for any action against Chinese interests. The statement from China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said: “It hoped Syria would take ‘effective measures’ to fulfil its commitment, “thereby removing security obstacles to the stable development of China-Syria relations.” The meeting is also about the Uighur fighters who had gone to Syria after the war erupted in 2011 to fight al-Assad’s forces, with many joining the Uighur-dominated Turkistan Islamic Party (TIP) based in Idlib province. The meeting is also reckoned to be also in motivation to return these fighters who fled persecution in China. Though this claim has no evidence. (“Syrian FM visits China, pledges ‘counterterrorism’ cooperation,” Al-Jazeera, 17 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China to maintain anti-dumping duties on the US-made Propanol (NPA)
On 17 November, China’s Ministry of Commerce announced that it will maintain its anti-subsidy and anti-dumping duties on the US-made Propanol (NPA) as it begins to review its measures. They are widely used for the production of food packaging and are a component of the electrolyte in lithium batteries for new energy vehicles. The current duties were first imposed on Nov. 18, 2020, for a period of five years, with rates ranging from 254.4 per cent to 267.4 per cent. The investigation is scheduled for conclusion before Nov. 18, 2026, the ministry said. The decision follows an application submitted on Sept. 12, 2025, by domestic NPA producers representing the industry. They argued that terminating the anti-dumping measures could lead to the continuation or recurrence of dumping and renewed injury to the domestic industry. (“China launches expiry review of anti-dumping duties on NPA imports from U.S.,” Xinhua, 17 November 2025)

China is purchasing more soybeans from the US, reports SCMP
On 18 November, SCMP reported that the US soybean industry looks like it is recovering, showcasing that China stepped up in buying. Brokerage AgResource Co said importers in China have bought seven to 10 cargoes from the US. After a year full of tiff, the US administration under Donald Trump announced that China will be buying 12 million tons of soybeans this season. So far, only 232,000 tons were destined for China out of a total of 1.2 million in soybean sales. Prices in Chicago rose as much as 3.2 per cent. (“US soybean futures rebound on signs China is ramping up purchases,” SCMP, 18 November 2025)

Brazil ends 60-year case against Chinese detainees, reports SCMP
On 18 November, SCMP reported that Brazil closed cases against nine Chinese citizens who were arrested in 1964. Brazil’s Superior Military Court ruled that the case should legally have expired in 1981 but was never closed. As a result, a 50-volume case file remained on the docket. SCMP reported that the nine men were detained in Rio de Janeiro on April 3, 1964, three days after the military ousted President João Goulart. Police acting under the authority of Guanabara governor Carlos Lacerda broke into two flats before dawn and took the group away without a warrant. This formal closure of the case removes the lingering friction between the two countries. (“Brazil ends 60-year case of Chinese detainees tortured under military regime,” SCMP, 18 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 17 November 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 223
INTERNAL
The CEO Monk of China was arrested on charges of embezzlement and sex scandal, reports SCMP
On 16 November, SCMP reported that the acquitted former head of the Shaolin Temples is now arrested for an alleged financial and sex scandal. Shi Yongxin’s arrest had been approved on suspicion of embezzlement, misappropriation of funds, and accepting bribes as a non-state functionary. Shi, who is 60, served as an abbot of the world’s most famous Buddhist monasteries for more than 25 years, being removed this July over a series of allegations. He was also accused of “seriously violating” Buddhist principles, maintaining “improper relations” with multiple women and fathering at least one child. Shi’s Buddhist credentials were revoked by the Buddhist Association of China when the scandal broke. (“Disgraced Shaolin Temple abbot Shi Yongxin closer to prosecution over money scandals,” SCMP, 16 November 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan distributes security handbooks amid threats from China, reports Reuters
On 17 November, Reuters reported that Taiwan have started distributing millions of civil defence handbooks across the Island aimed to prepare residents for potential emergencies and attacks that China poses. Reuters report that the handbook, unveiled in September, includes for the first time instructions on what to do if citizens encounter enemy soldiers and stresses that any claims of Taiwan's surrender should be considered false. It also provides guidance on locating bomb shelters and preparing emergency kits. Deputy Secretary-General of Taiwan's National Security Council, Lin Fei-fan, said: “We need people across the Taiwan Strait to understand that there will be a huge cost if China makes the wrong decision because Taiwanese people have the resolve and very clear commitment in defending ourselves, and people are willing to take that action to protect each other.” (“In a first, Taiwan to distribute security handbook to all households as China threat rises,” Reuters, 17 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Japan sends envoy to de-escalate tension between China and Japan
On 17 November, Reuters reported that Japan sent an envoy to reduce the escalating tensions between China and Japan after the newly elected Prime Minister of Japan, Sanae Takaichi, made statements on Taiwan. Japanese Foreign Ministry's Asia and Oceania Bureau’s Director General, Masaaki Kanai, met with his Chinese counterpart, Liu Jinsong. Kanai clarified that Takaichi’s statements did not mean a shift in Japanese policy towards China and suggested that China should refrain from taking any actions that further damage their ties. Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary also informed that various channels of communication were open. Taiwan President Lai Ching-te on this issue that China was carrying out multifaceted attacks on Japan and called for the international community to pay close attention. (“Japan seeks to calm escalating spat with China over Taiwan,” Reuters, 17 November 2025)

China sends coast guards near the Senkaku Islands, reports The Guardian
On 16 November, Chinese coast guards informed that they sent their guards to the waters of the Senkaku Islands, and they also sent military drones past the Japanese territory. China asserted their right to conduct patrols and issued a statement that “China coast guard vessel 1307 formation conducted patrols within the territorial waters of the Diaoyu islands. This was a lawful patrol operation conducted by the China coast guard to uphold its rights and interests.” China and Japan have always faced off in the region, but the recent escalation comes in light of Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi stating that if China attacks Taiwan, it will trigger a military response from them. (“China sends coast guard to Senkaku islands amid row with Japan,” The Guardian, 16 November 2025)

Japan’s tourism and retail shares fell after a row with China, reports BBC
On 17 November, the BBC reported that Japan’s tourism and retail stocks fell after China warned its citizens against travelling to Japan. This comes after Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi suggested Tokyo’s involvement in military action was taken by China against Taiwan. Shares of cosmetic company Shiseido fell by 10 per cent while Uniqlo’s sales fell by 5 per cent. The share price falls came after the dispute between Beijing and Tokyo had deepened in recent days. Chinese tourists have been among the top sources of tourists visiting Japan. China's Education Ministry also told students already based in Japan to closely monitor the security situation. Chinese airlines, including China Southern Airlines, China Eastern Airlines, and Air China, offered refunds for flights to Japan. (“Japan tourism and retail stocks slide after row with China over Taiwan,” BBC, 17 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
9th China-South Asia Friendship Organizations Forum was held in the Maldives
On 14 November, the 9th China-South Asia Friendship Organizations Forum was held in the Maldives, organised by the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (CPAFFC) and the Organisation for South Asian Regional Friendship and Cooperation with China (OSARFCC). The theme of the meeting was "Mutual learning, peace, prosperity for a shared future.” Representatives from eight Chinese localities Beijing, Shanxi, Liaoning and the city of Jinan, engaged in extensive exchanges with participants from the Maldives, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Discussions covered enhancing cooperation in the economy, culture and tourism, as well as youth exchanges between China and South Asian countries. (“9th China-South Asia Friendship Organizations Forum held in Maldives,” Xinhua, 14 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Over 5,500 criminals repatriated from Myanmar to China in 2025, reports China’s Ministry of Public Security
On 14 November, China's Ministry of Public Security informed that they repatriated 5,500 criminal suspects to China. This is part of their joint efforts to crack down on gambling and fraud crimes in Myanmar. The ministry said: “The Chinese government, in practising the Global Security Initiative and the Global Governance Initiative, has actively engaged in law enforcement cooperation with countries such as Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam, establishing effective mechanisms and achieving remarkable results.” Chinese and Cambodian police successively apprehended 2,141 criminals. The ministry also said: “During the meeting, law enforcement authorities of the six countries also jointly signed outcome documents and conducted further consultations on the initiative put forward by China at the 2025 Conference of Global Public Security Cooperation Forum.” (“Over 5,500 criminal suspects repatriated to China by Myanmar in 2025: ministry,” Global Times, 14 November 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
C919 to make its debut at the Dubai Airshow of 2025
On 16 November, the Dubai Airshow will showcase global aviation, where China’s domestically built C919 passenger jet will make its debut in West Asia. Two single-aisle C919 planes and one C909 business jet from Shanghai-based Commercial Aircraft Corp of China will be on display during the event. CCTV reported that the confidence behind the C919 stepping onto the global stage of the Dubai Airshow stems from its solid track record during two years of domestic commercial operations. During this period, the aircraft completed its maiden commercial flight, was deployed on the busy Beijing-Shanghai route, handled its first Spring Festival travel rush and received widespread acclaim during its international debut at the Singapore Airshow. (“C919’s Middle East debut represents milestone for China’s aviation sector,” Global Times, 16 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 14 November 2025, Friday | Vol 2 No. 222
OUTERSPACE
Stranded Chinese astronauts of the Shenzhou-20 crew return
On 14 November, three Chinese astronauts stranded at the Tiangong space station are returning after being hit by debris. Their capsule was expected to land in a remote part of northwest China’s Inner Mongolia region later the same day. The astronauts were on a six-month rotation at the space station and had been originally scheduled to return Nov. 5, four days after the new crew arrived. China’s Manned Space Engineering Office informed that there were minor cracks in a window of the return capsule of the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft, which was impacted by debris. It wasn’t clear if the change in spacecraft would affect the timing of future space station missions, which typically take place at six-month intervals. There are currently three million pieces of tiny debris circling the earth, travelling at speeds faster than bullets, which have posed risks to satellites and astronauts in space. (“China’s stranded astronauts returning from space station on spacecraft that brought new crew,” AP, 14 November 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
China’s EVs are way ahead, says an opinion in the BBC
On 13 November, an opinion in the BBC looked at the Chinese EV battery race and why they are so much ahead. In 2005, China only had two EV battery manufacturers. Twenty years later, it produces more than three-quarters of the world's lithium-ion cells. How did it happen? Was the question posed by the author? The op-ed traces this back to the 2008 Olympic Games, where different diesel-powered vehicles were switched for lithium-ion battery buses aimed at China’s green high tech. The op-ed said: “The years between 2012 and 2020 proved to be critical for China's battery makers as the government doubled down its effort in putting EVs on the road.” (Xiaoying You, “'They're just so much further ahead': How China won the world's EV battery race,” BBC, 13 November 2025)

MARITIME
The Sichuan: China’s first drone-carrying amphibious assault ship conducts sea trials
On 14 November, China’s first drone-carrying Type 076 amphibious assault ship, “Sichuan”, began its trials. The ship is seen as a key asset for the PLA Navy’s unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operations because of its electromagnetic catapult launch system and is often described as the world’s first drone carrier. Its naming ceremony was held in December at Shanghai’s Hudong-Zhonghua shipyard. This comes shortly after the official commissioning of the Fujian aircraft carrier, which is China’s most advanced electromagnetic catapult technology. Sichuan can carry more aircraft within its internal hangar, as well as having additional launching space for them. (“China’s first 076 ‘drone carrier’ amphibious assault ship Sichuan starts sea trials,” SCMP, 14 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China summons Japanese ambassador over Takaichi’s remarks on Taiwan
On 13 November, China’s Vice Foreign Minister Sun Weidong summoned Japanese Ambassador to China Kenji Kanasugi. This comes in light of erroneous remarks of Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi regarding China and Taiwan. Sun said: “Takaichi openly made blatant and provocative remarks regarding the Taiwan region, even implying the possibility of armed intervention in the Taiwan Straits. The nature and impact of these remarks are extremely egregious. Despite China’s serious démarches and protests, the Japanese side still refused to change course and retract the erroneous remarks. China expresses strong dissatisfaction and firm opposition to this, and lodges solemn representations and strong protests with Japan.” Sun called on Japan to deeply reflect on its historical responsibilities and immediately correct what was wrong by retracting the remarks. (“China summons Japanese ambassador, makes serious démarches over erroneous remarks of Japanese Prime Minister regarding China,” Global Times, 14 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Xi Jinping welcomes Thailand’s King as he pledges stronger ties
On 14 November, Thailand’s monarch, King Maha Vajiralongkorn, visited China and met with the Chinese President Xi Jinping. Xi said: “Beijing was ready to import more Thai agricultural products and work with Bangkok to ‘steadily’ advance major infrastructure projects such as the China-Thailand railway, while broadening joint efforts on artificial intelligence, the digital economy and aerospace.” Both leaders acknowledged that they are genuine good relatives and partners. The King said: “Thailand was ready to learn from China’s development experience, expand cooperation across various fields and enhance people-to-people exchanges, the Chinese release of the talks showed.” (“Xi welcomes Thai king to China with pledge of progress for family-strength ties,” BBC, 14 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Canada claims that Russia and China have intelligence interests in the Arctic, reports CSIS
On 13 November, The Guardian reported that Canada’s Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) claimed that Russia and China have significant intelligence interests in Canada’s Arctic, and that they are targeting both governments and the private sector. The Director of CSIS, Dan Rogers said: “It is not a surprise that CSIS has observed both cyber and non-cyber intelligence collection efforts targeting both governments and the private sector in the region.” Canada has increasingly flagged the navigable routes that pass through the country’s borders and the troves of critical minerals in the region as reasons to increase investment in the north. In addition to new heavy ice breakers, Canada is weighing the purchase of a dozen patrol submarines, reports The Guardian. The federal budget announced by Canada also allocated USD 710 million to build new airports and seaports as part of the Arctic infrastructure. (“Canada says Russia and China are ramping up spy efforts in Arctic region,” The Guardian, 13 November 2025)

Mexico imposes permanent duties on Chinese rubber dumping, reports SCMP
On 14 November, SCMP reported that Mexico’s Ministry of Economy imposed a permanent duty on Chinese imports of specialised synthetic rubber. They reasoned that urge of low-priced shipments of the material used in a wide array of products weakened its only producer at a time when the government is stepping up trade defences to protect local industries and manage rising friction with Beijing. The ministry informed that imports of styrene butadiene styrene will face a charge of USD 0.8324 per kilogram. (“Mexico finds Chinese rubber dumping, moves to impose permanent duty,” SCMP, 14 November 2025)

The US imposes Iran-related sanctions on firms and individuals
On 12 November, the US sanctioned entities and individuals for supporting Iran’s ballistic missile and unmanned aerial vehicle production. The US Department of State said: “The US sanctioned 32 entities and individuals based in Iran, the Chinese mainland, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the United Arab Emirates, Türkiye, India, and other jurisdictions.” Experts in China are calling this another example of the US’s unilateral long arm jurisdiction harming commercial interests. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson, Guo Jiakun, said: “We urge the US to abandon the wrong practice of arbitrarily resorting to sanctions. Countries' normal cooperation with Iran within the framework of international law is legitimate and justified. China will do what is necessary to ensure its energy security and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of Chinese companies and citizens.” (“US imposes Iran-related sanctions on entities, individuals based in China, other countries; another act of long-arm jurisdiction: expert,” Global Times, 13 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 13 November 2025, Thursday | Vol 2 No. 221
EXTERNAL
China dominates global patent submissions in 2024, reports WIPO
On 13 November, SCMP reported that China submitted the highest number of patent applications in 2024, which makes it the leading global intellectual property country. It is estimated that 1. Million patent applications were in China, which accounted for half of the global total; this is more than three times the number submitted according to the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO). China issued over 1 million patents, more than three times the amount issued by the US, which was 319,815. The Chinese saw a 124,000-case increase compared with 2023, while the US only approved 4,570 more, which was a 27 times difference, reports SCMP. (“China dominates global patent race with record filings,” SCMP, 13 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Ladakh airbase Nyoma near the China border is operational, reports TOI
On 13 November, The Times of India reported India operationalised the new Nyoma airbase, which is close to China, on the sidelines of the 'Poorvi Prachand Prahar' is now underway in Arunachal Pradesh.” This development is on the opposite side of the 3,488 km on the Line of Actual Control. While there is an ongoing reset in their ties, the trust deficit remains high since there has been no resolution on the LAC issue. IAF chief Air Chief Marshal A P Singh himself flew a C-130J “Super Hercules” aircraft from Hindon to the Mudh airfield of Nyoma. (“Ladakh airbase close to China border activated,” Times of India, 13 November 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
China and Comorian exchange congratulatory messages on 50 years of bilateral ties
On 13 November, China’s President Xi Jinping exchanged a congratulatory message with the Comorian President Azali Assoumani on their 50^th anniversary of diplomatic ties. Xi “called for joint efforts to promote the implementation of the outcomes of the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, keep enriching the China-Comoros strategic partnership, and make greater contributions to building an all-weather China-Africa community with a shared future for the new era.” Azali said: “The Comorian side appreciates China's vision of building a peaceful, just and multipolar world, and stands ready to work with China, under the guidance of the vision of a community with a shared future for humanity, to continue promoting sustainable and inclusive development, and make due contributions to promoting solidarity, cooperation and common prosperity between Africa and China.” (“Chinese, Comorian presidents exchange congratulations on 50th anniversary of ties,” CGTN, 13 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
US FBI Director outlines the agreement between US-China on curbing fentanyl production
On 12 November, US President Donald Trump’s administration announced the agreement with China to control the production of fentanyl by restricting the sale of its key ingredients. Fentanyl kills tens and thousands of Americans each year. US Federal Bureau of Investigation Director Kash Patel said: “These substances are now banned, and they will no longer be utilised by the Mexican drug trafficking organisations or any other [drug trafficking organisations] around the world to make this drug,” and that “Essentially, President Trump has shut off the pipeline that creates fentanyl that kills tens of thousands of Americans.” (“US outlines agreement with China to curb fentanyl chemicals as tariffs ease,” SCMP, 13 November 2025)

China’s Vice Premier met with a delegation from the National Committee on US-China relations
On 12 November, China’s Vice Premier He Lifeng met with the Vice Chair of the National Committee on US-China Relations (NCUSCR), Evan Greenberg and the President of NCUSCR, Stephen Orlins. Lifeng said: “China and the United States enjoy broad space for economic and trade cooperation; they should work in the same direction, uphold and implement the important consensus and outcomes of the Busan meeting between the two heads of state, strengthen cooperation, and manage differences, thereby promoting the stable development of bilateral economic and trade relations.” He also stressed that NCUSCR to make a new contribution to promote friendly cooperation between the two countries. The US side also expressed willingness to bridge the gap and further cooperation. (“Chinese vice premier calls for stable development of China-U.S. economic, trade relations,” CGTN, 13 November 2025)

The US imposes Iran-related sanctions on firms and individuals
On 12 November, the US sanctioned entities and individuals for supporting Iran’s ballistic missile and unmanned aerial vehicle production. The US Department of State said: “The US sanctioned 32 entities and individuals based in Iran, the Chinese mainland, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the United Arab Emirates, Türkiye, India, and other jurisdictions.” Experts in China are calling this another example of the US’s unilateral long arm jurisdiction harming commercial interests. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson, Guo Jiakun, said: “We urge the US to abandon the wrong practice of arbitrarily resorting to sanctions. Countries' normal cooperation with Iran within the framework of international law is legitimate and justified. China will do what is necessary to ensure its energy security and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of Chinese companies and citizens.” (“US imposes Iran-related sanctions on entities, individuals based in China, other countries; another act of long-arm jurisdiction: expert,” Global Times, 13 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 12 November 2025, Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 220
INTERNAL
China removes popular gay dating apps from Apple App Store services, reports BBC
On 11 November, the BBC reported that China removed two of its popular gay dating apps, Blued and Finka, from its Apple App Store. The Apple spokesperson said: “We follow the laws of the countries where we operate. Based on an order from the Cyberspace Administration of China, we have removed these two apps from the China storefront only.” While the Lite version of the app remains available on Chinese app stores, other LGBTQA+ apps are still available. Blued is one of the most widely used gay dating apps in China, with 10 million downloads. In 2022, popular US-based gay dating app Grindr was removed from Apple's App Store in China shortly after the Cyberspace Administration of China began a crackdown on content it viewed as illegal and inappropriate. (“Two popular gay dating platforms removed from Apple app store in China,” BBC, 12 November 2025)

DEFENSE
PLA bans four Chinese universities from military procurement over bid rigging, reports SCMP
On 12 November, the SCMP reported that the PLA banned leading Chinese universities from tendering to military projects over bid rigging. PLA’s procurement website is the biggest purchasing platform open to the public. They released a notice, “the universities rigged their bids for a project for engineering simulation analysis and a data-driven intelligent algorithm. They will be banned from taking part in military procurement within the jurisdiction of the Central Theatre Command for varying periods from November 16, pending an appeals process.” Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) received a permanent ban, Beijing Jiaotong University was banned from bidding for two years, and Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) and Harbin Engineering University (HEU) were banned for three years. (“PLA bans 4 Chinese universities from procurement process over bid-rigging,” BBC, 12 November 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Foxconn sales rise by 17 per cent in the third quarter, reports SCMP
On 12 November, SCMP reported that Foxconn, which is the world’s largest electronics contract manufacturer, reported a 17 per cent rise in its third-quarter profit. Taiwan-based Foxconn, formally called Hon Hai Precision Industry, last month reported a forecast-beating third-quarter revenue on strong demand for AI products. London Stock Exchange Group reported USD 1.89 billion in higher sales. Most iPhones that Foxconn makes for Apple are assembled in China; the bulk that goes to the US is made in India. (“Nvidia and Apple supplier Foxconn posts 17% rise in third-quarter profit, beats forecasts,” SCMP, 12 November 2025)

CHINA & THE PACIFIC
China and the Cook Islands conduct a sea survey, reports SCMP
On 12 November, SCMP reported that China and the Cook Islands completed their first joint scientific expedition in the South Pacific region. This is the area coming as the focal point for rare earths in the region. The 4,000-tonne Chinese marine research vessel Da Yang Hao, one of the most advanced in China, docked at the Avatiu port near the capital Avarua on Saturday, about one month after a US research ship conducted a three-week survey in the region, reports SCMP. China’s State Oceanic Administration, Sun Shuxian said: “China will continue to offer the Chinese government marine scholarship and warmly welcome outstanding young students and scientists from the Cook Islands to pursue master’s or doctoral degrees in marine-related majors in China.” (“China and Cook Islands team up on sea survey as rare earths race expands to oceans,” SCMP, 12 November 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
EU concerned about Chinese tech in public services, reports NBC News
On 10 November, NBC News reported that there has been an increasing fear of Chinese technology. The European countries are worried that the vast amount of Chinese-built infrastructure could be weaponised by China. NBC reported that now, bus providers in Denmark and Norway say they are urgently investigating and remedying what they say is a security loophole discovered in their fleets of vehicles made by Yutong, a company based in Zhengzhou, China, that is the world’s largest manufacturer of buses by sales volume. Since these buses get their updates over the air, they can be hacked into. (“Fearing vulnerability to China, Europe has a new worry: Electric buses,” NBC News, 09 November 2025)

China’s President meets Spain’s King Felipe VI
On 12 November, China’s President Xi Jinping met with King Felipe VI of Spain on a state visit to China. Xi said: “Both China and Spain boast profound historical and cultural heritages. Over the past more than 50 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, the two countries have consistently approached and advanced their bilateral ties from a strategic and long-term perspective.” He also stressed that China and Spain should strengthen exchanges in the fields of culture and education and support each other in successfully running their respective cultural and language institutions in each other's countries, adding that China will continue its visa-free policy for Spain to further facilitate people-to-people exchanges. (“Chinese President Xi Jinping meets with Spanish King Felipe VI in Beijing,” CGTN, 12 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 11 November 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 219
ECONOMY
The 8th China International Import Expo (CIIE) concludes with record deals
On 10 November, the 8^th China International Import Expo (CIIE) concluded in Shanghai. The six-day event saw USD 83.4 billion in tentative deals for one year of purchase of goods and services. This is a 4.4 per cent hike from last year, setting a record high score since 2018. A total of 67 countries, regions, and international organisations took part in the Country Exhibition. CGTN reported that China's pavilion featured 570 exhibits, the largest number in its history, illustrating achievements under the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) and milestones in cutting-edge sectors such as high-speed rail, civil aviation, and 6G technologies. (“China's import expo sees over $83 billion in tentative deals,” CGTN, 10 November 2025)

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China’s CO2 emissions have been flat or declining, reports The Guardian
On 11 November, The Guardian reported on China’s carbon dioxide emissions being flat or falling for the last 18 months. This reveals that China has hit its target peak emission well ahead of its schedule. The editorial believes that rapid increases in the deployment of solar and wind power generation, which grew by 46 per cent and 11 per cent respectively in the third quarter of this year, meant the country’s energy sector emissions remained flat, even as the electricity demand increased. China has added 240 GW of solar energy and 61GW of wind. Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (Crea), reported that China’s CO2 emissions were unchanged, and there was a decline in emissions in the travel, cement and steel industries. (“China’s CO2 emissions have been flat or falling for the past 18 months, analysis finds,” The Guardian, 11 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Taiwan’s military struggles to find enough volunteers, reports Taiwan’s Legislative Yuan
On 11 November, Taiwan’s Legislative Yuan submitted a report stating that their military is facing worsening manpower crises as the number of volunteers falls. This has raised concerns that it could undermine combat readiness. Legislative Yuan’s Budget Centre reported that the troop numbers fell from 88.6 per cent in 2020 to 78.6 per cent in 2024, and by June of 2025, they saw a further decrease of 75.6 per cent. In the recent military budget plan of 2026, even though their defence spending has increased, they still need well-trained professionals. The cabinet also approved a USD 29.2 billion defence budget in light of growing Chinese aggression. (“Taiwanese military struggling to find enough volunteers despite record defence budget,” SCMP, 11 November 2025)

Japan rebukes the Chinese diplomat's statement on Sanae Takaichi, as reported by Reuters
On 10 November, Reuters reported that Japan criticised the remarks made by Chinese diplomats against Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi as “extremely inappropriate.” Sanae made remarks that Tokyo could take military action if China attacks Taiwan. China's Consul General in Osaka, Xue Jian, on a later deleted post said: “he dirty neck that sticks itself in must be cut off.” Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary Minoru Kihara stated that while the intent wasn’t clear, multiple inappropriate statements were made against Japan’s Prime Minister. Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Lin Jian clarified that Xue’s post was against Takaichi’s dangerous remarks. (“Japan rebukes Chinese diplomat as Taiwan furore escalates,” Reuters, 10 November 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
Chad looks to China to revive their energy sector, reports SCMP
On 10 November, SCMP reported that Chad is looking towards China to revive its energy sectors after the departure of Western partners. Chad aims to double its current output of 150,000 barrels per day with the support of China and the UAE. This will be led by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC). The aim is to help diversify the country’s energy supply and expand the existing Djarmaya oil refinery just north of the capital N’Djamena, which has a capacity of 8 million barrels per year, reports SCMP. CNPC is already active in the oil sector and has developed an oil field in Ronier and Koudalwa in the Bongor Basin, a major source of crude oil for the Djarmaya facility. (“China steps in as Chad bets oil future on Beijing after Western exit,” SCMP, 10 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China declines to fund Brazil’s Tropical Forest Forever Facility, reports SCMP
On 11 November, SCMP reported that China has declined to fund Brazil’s flagship rainforest protection mechanism, stating that developed nations should take the lead in global climate financing. Brazil was hoping to get support from China for its Tropical Forest Forever Facility (TFFF). China stated that it supports Brazil in principle, but believes in common but differentiated responsibilities. Chinese Vice-Premier Ding Xuexiang also said in the COP30 meeting, “developed countries must take the lead in cutting emissions, honour their financial commitments and provide stronger technical and capacity-building support to developing countries.” (“China won’t back Brazil rainforest fund, points to rich nations’ lack of support: reports,” SCMP, 11 November 2025)

China expects the US to practice fairness in the shipping market, says the Ministry of Commerce
On 10 November, China’s Ministry of Commerce stated that China expects the US to work with China and maintain fair competition in the international shipping market. The ministry said: “This will help add more certainty and stability to the China-U.S. economic and trade cooperation, as well as the global economy, the spokesperson said when asked to comment on the U.S. suspension, for one year, of the implementation of its Section 301 investigation measures aimed at China's maritime, logistics and shipbuilding sectors.” This comes after China suspended the countermeasure against the Shipping port fee from the US. The ministry stated that it is important that they meet halfway. (“China expects U.S. to jointly safeguard fair competition in maritime, shipbuilding sectors: spokesperson,” CGTN, 11 November 2025)

China imposes restrictions on the export of chemicals used for drugs to the US, Mexico and Canada
On 10 November, China announced new export restrictions on 13 drug-making chemicals to the US, Canada, and Mexico. This includes the products used to produce fentanyl, which has killed thousands of US citizens due to overdose. This has been the central issue in US-China relations, with both leaders, Donald Trump and Xi Jinping, urging to curb the sale. Trump said China would help end the fentanyl crisis, and he would ease a related tariff from 20 per cent to 10 per cent. The chemicals newly restricted by Beijing can still be exported without a license to other countries besides the three in North America that were named in the Chinese Commerce Ministry announcement. Fentanyl is mostly manufactured in Mexico. (“China announces restrictions on chemicals after deal with Trump on fentanyl tariffs,” AP, 11 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 10 November 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 218
INTERNAL
President Xi Jinping attends 15^th National Games in Guangzhou
On 09 November, China’s President Xi Jinping declared the 15^th National Games as open at the Guangdong Olympic Sports Centre. CGTN reported that running through November 21, the Games feature 419 gold-medal events in 34 competition sports for elite athletes, while 166 gold medals are on offer in 23 amateur and exhibition events. More than 20,000 athletes are set to compete in the final phase. These games were first held in 1959; they are China s largest multi-sport event. (“President Xi Jinping attends opening ceremony of 15th National Games in Guangzhou,” CGTN, 10 November 2025)

ECONOMY
China’s foreign trade increased by 3.6 per cent in 2025, reports China’s General Administration of Customs
On 07 November, China’s General Administration of Customs reported that China’s goods trade maintained a growth of the first 10 months of 2025. They have reached USD 5.24 trillion, a 3.6 per cent hike in trade. Both imports and exports increased by 1.4 per cent and 0.1 per cent, respectively. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) groups remained China's largest trading partner, with bilateral trade expanding 9.1 per cent and accounting for 16.6 per cent of the country's total goods trade. There was also a 7.2 per cent annual increase in foreign trade volume, and foreign firm imports and exports had 29.3 per cent trade. (“China's foreign trade up 3.6 percent in first 10 months of 2025,” CGTN, 07 November 2025)

OUTER SPACE
Chinese astronauts stranded in space after return capsule hit by debris, reports Fox News
On 06 November, Fox News reported that a Chinese space crew was stranded at the Tiangong space station after a piece of space debris struck their return capsule. The mission has been temporarily extended as engineers conduct the impact analysis. The crew's return capsule is believed to have been hit by tiny fragments of space junk. This is an increasing hazard in low Earth orbit. CMSA has not specified the extent of the damage or what repairs, if any, will be required. If the spacecraft cannot be repaired, protocol states the Shenzhou-20 crew will use the Shenzhou-21 team’s capsule to return to Earth. (“Chinese astronauts stranded in space after debris strikes return capsule during mission,” Fox News, 06 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Japan resumes seafood export to China after the 2023 ban
On 07 November, Japan’s Chief Cabinet Secretary Minoru Kihara announced that Japan has resumed its seafood shipment to China for the first time since China banned their imports in 2023. This comes after the release of treated Fukushima wastewater. Kihara informed that six tonnes of frozen scallops from the northern island of Hokkaido were shipped. Additionally, 600 kg of salted sea cucumber will be shipped on 10 November. Under the new provision, Japanese exporters are required to register their facilities with the Chinese authorities and submit certificates for radioactivity inspection for their fishery products before shipping them. (“Japan resumes seafood exports to China after Beijing eases 2023 ban,” The Straits Times, 07 November 2025)
 
CHINA & WEST ASIA
China calls to restart Iran nuclear programme talks, reports SCMP
On 07 November, SCMP reported that China is calling to have further talks on Iran’s nuclear programme to get the process of track as the European countries imposed a new set of sanctions on Tehran. China’s Foreign Minister, Wang Yi, said: “China appreciates Iran’s recent reaffirmation that it has no intention of developing nuclear weapons and supports Iran’s right to the peaceful use of nuclear energy.” He said: “[China] hopes that all parties will maintain dialogue and communication to bring the Iranian nuclear issue back onto the track of dialogue and negotiation.” He also stressed that a deadlock on the issue is in the common interest of the international community. (“China calls for fresh talks on Iran’s nuclear programme to end ‘deadlock’,” SCMP, 07 November 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
US takeover of China in FDIs in Africa, reports BBC
On 10 November, the BBC reported that the US has become the biggest foreign direct investor in Africa, wherein 2023, the US invested USD 7.8 billion compared to China’s USD 4 billion, reports China Africa Research Initiative by Johns Hopkins University. This comes in light of China being the biggest player in the global market for critical minerals and metals, which has led the US to curb them. This is the first time since 2021 that the US has regained their lead. This American investment is being led by a government agency called the US International Development Finance Corporation (DFC). This was set up in 2019 during President Trump's first term of office. (“How the US overtook China as Africa's biggest foreign investor,” BBC, 10 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China suspends countermeasures on US subsidiaries of South Korea
On 10 November, China’s Ministry of Commerce informed that they are suspending the countermeasures imposed on five US base subsidiaries of South Korea from 10 November 2025. Additionally, announced a one-year suspension of Section 301 measures targeting China's maritime, logistics and shipbuilding sectors, starting November 10, reports Global Times. The ministry said: “In view of this, and in accordance with relevant Chinese laws and regulations, China has decided to suspend for one year, starting Beijing Time November 10, 2025, the relevant measures stipulated in MOFCOM Order No. 6 (2025) which concerned countermeasures against the five US-based subsidiaries of Hanwha Ocean Co.” (“China to suspend countermeasures on five US-based Hanwha Ocean subsidiaries starting November 10, 2025: MOFCOM,” Global Times, 10 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 06 November 2025, Thursday | Vol 2 No. 215
OUTER SPACE
China’s Tianwen-1 Mars probe successfully observes interstellar objects
On 06 November, China National Space Administration (CNSA) reported that China's Tianwen-1 Mars probe's orbiter has used its high-resolution camera to successfully observe the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS. It was 30 million kilometres away from the target, which is the closest the detectors have been to an observed object. CNSA said: “After the data captured by the high-resolution camera was received and processed by the ground application system, the images clearly revealed the comet-like features of the object, consisting of a cometary nucleus and its surrounding coma, with a diameter reaching several thousand kilometers.” (“China's Tianwen-1 Mars probe's orbiter successfully observes interstellar object 3I/ATLAS,” Global Times, 06 November 2025)

CHINA & THE PACIFIC
Australia accuses China of intellectual property theft and political meddling
On 04 November, Australia’s Defence Minister Richard Marles accused China’s security services of intellectual property theft and political interference. Australian Security Intelligence Organisation’s Director General, Mike Burgess, stated that he will call out China for harming Australian interests. He said: “Western liberal democracy and the role and the statutory standing of the security service. We work for the government of the day, but our security assessments and our security action are independent.” (“Australian spy chief accuses China of IP theft and meddling; experts say remarks reflect certain Australian officials’ attempt to mislead public,” Global Times, 05 November 2025)

Taiwan claims that Fiji’s senior official met them despite formal ties with China
On 05 November, Taiwan’s President’s Office informed that they welcome a senior Fijian diplomat this week, who met with Vice President Hsiao Bi-khim. Fiji only has formal ties with China and therefore makes this unusual. Hsiao said: “heartfelt thanks to the permanent representatives, as friends of Taiwan, for their longstanding support and assistance, which have helped Taiwan play a meaningful role in the international system, especially within the United Nations system.” Tarakinikini also met and had dinner with the Taiwan Foreign Minister Lin Chia-lung. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning said: “China expresses its strong dissatisfaction with this and has lodged a solemn representation with Fiji. The despicable actions of the Taiwan authorities will not succeed.” (“Taiwan says senior Fijian UN diplomat visited, despite Fiji's formal ties with China,” Reuters, 06 November 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
China’s Foreign Minister held a phone call with his Iranian counterpart
On 06 November, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi called for China and Iran to promote comprehensive strategic partnership. Wang held a telephone conversation with Iranian Foreign Minister Seyed Abbas Araghchi. Wang said: “China appreciates Iran's active support for the four major global initiatives proposed by Xi and is willing to work with Iran and the rest of the international community to make positive contributions to building a more just and equitable global governance system.” Araghchi said: “Iran attaches great importance to developing relations with China and is willing to take the 55th anniversary of diplomatic ties next year as an opportunity to enhance high-level exchanges between the two sides, tap cooperation potential and maintain firm mutual support.”(“ Chinese FM urges China, Iran to promote comprehensive strategic partnership to higher level,” Global Times, 06 November 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Starbucks sells majority stake in China business to Boyu firm
On 04 November, the BBC reported that Starbucks, an American firm, is selling 60 per cent of its stake in its business in China, as part of the USD 4 billion deal with Boyu Capital. Under the deal, Starbucks will have a 40 per cent stake in the Chinese retail stores and operations and will retain ownership of the brand. Starbucks came to China in 1999 and has been the second largest market after the US. It has been struggling recently as it is competing with homegrown brands like Luckin Coffee. The business will continue to be headquartered in Shanghai and will own and operate 8,000 outlets in the Chinese market, with plans to grow to as many as 20,000 locations. (“Starbucks to sell majority stake in China business,” BBC, 04 November 2025)

“China is going to win the AI race,” says Nvidia Chief
On 06 November, Nvidia Chief Executive Jensen Huang warned that China will beat the US in AI race, due to lower energy costs and looser regulations. His remarks come after the Trump administration banned California-based Nvidia from selling its most advanced chips to The Nvidia chief said that the West, including the US and UK, was being held back by “cynicism”. “We need more optimism.” Meanwhile, China has boosted energy subsidies for several of its large data centres run by ByteDance, Alibaba and Tencent. (“Nvidia’s Jensen Huang says China ‘will win’ AI race with US,” Financial Times, 06 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 04 November 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 214
EXTERNAL
China expands its 240-hour visa-free transit policy
On 03 November, Global Times reported that China's National Immigration Administration (NIA) issued 10 measures for immigration and entry and exit of management. Among these initiatives is the expansion of entry ports authorised to issue single-entry travel permits for island of Taiwan residents visiting the Chinese mainland, as well as the addition of five entry ports in South China's Guangdong Province under the 240-hour visa-free transit policy for foreigners and the introduction of an online foreigner entry card system, reports Global Times. (“China expands 240-hour visa-free transit entry policy to cover 65 ports,” Global Times, 03 November 2025)

OUTERSPACE
China launches first GEO Yaogan satellite
On 02 November, China launched its new Yaogan reconnaissance satellite. The China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) announced launch success, revealing the previously undisclosed payload to be the Yaogan-46 satellite. These satellites are mainly used for disaster prevention and mitigation, land surveying, water conservancy, and meteorology. The Yaogan series is, however, believed to be the designation for China’s military reconnaissance satellites. These include optical imaging and SAR satellites, and electronic intelligence gathering triplets.( “China launches first GEO Yaogan satellite as India lofts record-mass commsat,” Space News, 03 November 2025)

CHINA & PACIFIC
China depended on Australia’s mining for the critical mineral Zirconium
On 03 November, ABC News reported on Chinese companies being the largest shareholders in Australian mine-producing companies. They are used for Beijing's hypersonic missiles and nuclear programs, helping it overcome "severe challenges" to accessing key resources. China depends on these Australian mines for Zirconium. Australia is the world's largest producer and supplies China with 41 per cent of its imports. These mines supply raw materials to the Chinese military’s infrastructure development. National University of Defense Technology reported that China has less than 1 per cent of the world’s zirconium, which makes it vulnerable. (“Australia supplying China with critical mineral vital for hypersonic missiles and its nuclear program,” ABC News, 03 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
A Pakistani astronaut will be the first visitor to China’s Tiangong station
On 04 November, Space reported that China is training Pakistani astronauts for a short-duration visit to its Tiangong space station. The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) spokesperson Zhang Jingbo said: “Two selected Pakistani astronauts will participate in training together with Chinese astronauts. One of them will be scheduled to carry out a short-duration flight mission as a payload expert.” China and Pakistan signed a cooperation agreement on sending an astronaut to Tiangong in February of this year. A preliminary astronaut selection round is currently being conducted in Pakistan, while the secondary and final selections will be carried out in China. (“Astronaut from Pakistan will be 1st international visitor to China's Tiangong space station,” Space, 04 November 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
China and Russia leaders held the 30^th regular meeting
On 03 November, Chinese Premier Li Qiang met with the Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin in Hangzhou, China. Qiang expressed that China is ready to work with Russia in deepening cooperation in all fields and to safeguard their common interest. This was done during the regular meeting held since 1996, this is the 30^th regular meeting for the implementation of the consensus reached between the two countries' heads of state, and for the promotion of bilateral cooperation and people-to-people exchange. Li said “China is willing to work with Russia to provide firm mutual support, enhance high-level exchange, strengthen strategic alignment, expand cooperation in various fields, continuously advance the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era, and continue moving forward hand-in-hand on the road to modernization.” Mishustin said: “Russia is willing to enhance its high-level exchange with China, host a series of activities for Russia-China Cultural Year, continuously enrich the connotations of bilateral relations, and expand cooperation and exchange in fields such as trade, investment, transportation, energy, agriculture, culture and the digital economy.” (“Chinese, Russian heads of govt hold regular meeting, eyeing closer all-round cooperation,” Global Times, 04 November 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
China intimidates a UK university over research on human rights violations in Xinjiang, reports BBC
On 03 November, the BBC reported on China's National Security Service demanding the shutdown of research into human rights abuses by China. Sheffield Hallam University staff in China were threatened. The access to the university website was blocked, even impeding Chinese students from applying to this university. China was seeking to halt research by Laura Murphy, professor of human rights and contemporary slavery at Sheffield Hallam, into allegations Uyghur Muslims in the north-western region of Xinjiang were subject to forced labour. China’s Embassy in London said: "The Helena Kennedy Centre at the Sheffield Hallam University has released multiple fake reports on Xinjiang that are seriously flawed." (“China intimidated UK university to ditch human rights research, documents show,” BBC, 03 November 2025)

China and Germany’s Foreign Ministers discuss the future of bilateral ties
On 03 November, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi held a phone conversation with German Foreign Minister Johann Wadephul.  Wang Yi called to develop a stable and sustainable policy with Germany. Wang Yi said: “Maintaining the sound and steady growth of relations between China and Germany, two major countries and important economies, serves the interests of both sides and meets the expectations of all parties, he said, adding that it also contributes to world peace and stability.” Wadephul said: “Germany stands ready to maintain close exchanges and dialogue with China, and properly handle differences and disagreements to move forward the Germany-China all-round strategic partnership.” (“Wang Yi: China, Germany need to develop stable, sustainable ties policy,” CGTN, 03 November 2025)

CHINA & AMERICAS
US and China might open a direct military hotline, says US Secretary of War
On 01 November, US Secretary of War Pete Hegseth announced that the US and China plan to establish military-to-military communications channels, aimed at de-escalating the conflict. Hegseth posted on social media that he had a positive meeting with China’s Minister of National Defence, Admiral Dong Jun. Hegseth posted, “Admiral Dong and I also agreed that we should set up military-to-military channels to deconflict and deescalate any problems that arise. We have more meetings on that coming soon. God bless both China and the USA!” While attending the ASEAN meeting, he stated that China is sweeping maritime claims in the South China Sea, and that they seek peace and not conflict, and that they must ensure that China does not dominate anyone in the region. (“US, China agree to open direct military hotline after Xi-Trump summit,” Fox News, 02 November 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 01-03 November 2025, Saturday- Monday | Vol 2 No. 212 & 213
28th ASEAN-China Summit
On 28 November, the 28th ASEAN-China Summit was convened in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, which was attended by ASEAN leaders. The summit was aimed at the ASEAN-China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership and to have an action plan from 2026-2030. During this meeting, they also signed the ASEAN-China Free Trade Area 3.0 Upgrade and exchanged views on regional and international issues of common interest and concern. China’s Premier Li Qiang attended the meeting, and, on behalf of President Xi Jinping, he noted that “China will continue to support promoting the peaceful settlement of disputes between Cambodia and Thailand in the ASEAN way. China and ASEAN countries need to speed up consultations on the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea (COC) and strive for its early conclusion. Second, promote deeper convergence of interests.”  Li Qiang affirmed to accelerate China-ASEAN trade and investments and pledged to fund the ASEAN cooperation. Additionally, a China-ASEAN digital academy was established, aimed at building an AI cooperation platform and setting a centre for maritime cooperation and development. The China-ASEAN summit also affirmed a stronger people-to-people bond as they aim to further mechanisms for tourism. Li concluded, “China will always be ASEAN's good friend based on mutual trust and a good partner for shared development. Let us reaffirm our commitment to unity for strength, march forward together with faster steps, promote the sustained and steady development of China-ASEAN cooperation, and make greater contributions to peace and development of the region and beyond.” (“Li Qiang Attends the 28th China-ASEAN Summit,” MOFA, 28 October 2025)

EXTERNAL
Xi Jinping calls for multilateralism at the APEC summit
On 31 October, Al-Jazeera reported on China’s President Xi Jinping calling to promote economic globalisation and multilateralism. Xi said: “The more turbulent the times, the more we must work together. The world is undergoing a period of rapid change, with the international situation becoming increasingly complex and volatile.” Xi called for maintaining supply chain stability, as opposed to US efforts to decouple its supply chains from China, and expressed hopes to work with other countries to expand cooperation in green industries and clean energy. Trump left the country before the summit ended, after China and the US reached several deals. (“China’s Xi takes centre stage at APEC, meets leaders as Trump snubs forum,” Al Jazeera, 31 October 2025)

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China launches first Thorium Molten Salt Reactor
On 01 November, the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP) informed that they made the first-ever thorium to uranium nuclear fuel conversion in a Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR). They also got valid experimental data on furl loading and checking technical feasibility. These are advanced nuclear energy systems that use high-temperature molten salt as their coolant. They can cool without water, run at atmospheric pressure, and have a high-temperature output. SINAP said: “that it will work with leading energy companies to consolidate the TMSR industrial and supply chains and accelerate technology iteration and engineering application. The ultimate goal is to construct a 100-megawatt demonstration project and realize its demonstration application by 2035.” (“China cracks fuel conversion problem for wastewater-free nuclear power,” CGTN, 01 November 2025)

POLAR
China’s 42^nd team leaves for maintenance of China’s Qinling Station, reports an editorial in Global Times
On 02 November, an editorial in Global Times reported on China’s 42nd Antarctic expedition team’s mission. The team is en route to Antarctica, and their mission is to conduct maintenance of China's Antarctic Zhongshan and Qinling stations. They are expected to finish the construction of China's fifth Antarctic base, Qinling Station, next February. South Pole project from China Railway Construction Engineering Group’s Chief Engineer Cao Tao said: “he construction team will face challenges of continuous daylight, intense ultraviolet radiation, and heavy snowfall, working hard to complete the 42nd Antarctic expedition's task.” CCTV reported that to enhance precision and minimise environmental impact, the interior construction of Qinling Station will adopt shipbuilding outfitting techniques, with all prefabricated components assembled on-site in Antarctica. (“China's Antarctic Qinling Station set for full completion in 2026,” Global Times, 02 November 2025)

OUTERSPACE
China to unveil its Long March-10A carrier rocket and Mengzhou-1 manned spaceship in 2026, reports CGTN
On 01 November, CGTN reported that China’s Long March-10A carrier rocket and Mengzhou-1 manned spaceship will be launched in 2026. The Mengzhou-1 mission is one of the four key missions planned for the coming year. The other three are the Shenzhou-22 and Shenzhou-23 manned missions and the Tianzhou-10 cargo mission. The main aim of this project is to have a long-duration stay experiment and other extravehicular activities. They also aim to perform cargo transfer operations, space science and technology experiments. (“China unveils 2026 space mission lineup: Mengzhou-1 spaceship and Long March-10A rocket set for debut,” CGTN, 01 November 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan’s new opposition leader calls for cross-strait peace with China
On 01 November, Taiwan’s new opposition leader Cheng Li-wun of the Kuomintang party, warns against the rising military and political opposition with China. Cheng calls for a new era of peace and said: “This is the worst of times. The Taiwan Strait faces grave military danger, and the world is watching closely. Taiwan’s security faces the constant threat of war.” The KMT’s new deputy chairman, Hsiao Hsu-tsen, visited China this week and met Mr Song Tao, head of China’s Taiwan Affairs Office. She said: “The KMT will definitely be the party that opens a new era of cross-Strait peace and leads Taiwan forward.” (“Taiwan’s new opposition leader takes over, warning against risk of China war,” The Straits Times, 01 November 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China criticises new Japanese meeting with Taiwanese official, reports SCMP  
On 02 November, SCMP reported on China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemning Japan’s new Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s contacting senior Taiwanese politicians on the sidelines of the APEC summit. Takaichi posted about the meeting and referred to the leader as a senior adviser to the Presidential Office of Taiwan, also hoping for practical cooperation between the two countries. The ministry said: “Those actions severely violated the one-China principle, the spirit of the four political documents between China and Japan, and basic norms of international relations, and sent a gravely wrong signal to the ‘Taiwan independence’ forces.” She also met Taiwanese Foreign Minister Lin Chia-lung in Japan in July. Both meetings drew criticism from Beijing. (“‘Egregious’: Beijing criticises new Japanese PM Takaichi for meeting Taiwanese official,” SCMP, 02 November 2025)

China President and his Japanese counterpart met on the sidelines of the APEC summit
On 31 October, China’s President Xi Jinping met with Japan’s new Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi on the sidelines of the APEC summit in South Korea. Xi asserted that conflicts and disagreement should not define their ties. Xi said: “The two countries should properly manage differences by focusing on the bigger picture, seeking common ground while reserving differences. Efforts should be made to prevent conflicts and disagreements from defining the broader bilateral relationship.” Takaichi said: “Efforts should be made to prevent conflicts and disagreements from defining the broader bilateral relationship.” Takaichi also expressed concerns regarding the export control of rare earths by China. (“China’s Xi Jinping tells new Japanese PM that conflicts should not define their ties,” SCMP, 31 October 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China’s PLA monitors a joint patrol by the Philippines in the South China Sea
On 01 November, China’s PLA informed that they monitored and tracked a patrol by the Philippines in the South China Sea. The spokesperson of the PLA, Tian Junli, stated that the Philippines’ joint patrol with an unnamed partner undermines the regional peace and stability, and called the country a “troublemaker.” Tian said: “The theatre forces remain on high alert and will resolutely safeguard national territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests.” The Philippines embassy in China does not respond when inquired about the situation. (“China military says it monitored Philippine patrol in South China Sea,” Al-Monitor, 01 November 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China’s first batch of Hangpr class submarines to be operational in Pakistan by 2026, reports Global Times
On 02 November, Global Times reported that the first batch of Hangor-class submarines under a China-Pakistan cooperation project will be operational and in service in Pakistan Navay by 2026. Chief of Naval Staff of Pakistan Admiral Naveed Ashraf said: “Hangor-class submarine program is progressing smoothly, and the successful launch of the second and third submarines in China earlier this year is a major milestone for naval collaboration between China and Pakistan.” Pakistan signed a contract with China to procure eight Hangor-class conventional submarines in 2015, with the first four to be constructed by China and the rest to be assembled by Pakistan. (“Exclusive: First batch of submarines under China-Pakistan cooperation project to enter service next year, says Pakistani naval chief,” Global Times, 02 November 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
China-Russia joint submarine exercises, reports SCMP
On 01 November, SCMP reported on China’s Ordnance Industry Science Technology magazine’s publication on the first Russia-China submarine exercises. They have been sharing data and also carrying out rescue exercises. The two subs passed through the Tsushima Strait that divides South Korea and Japan, entering the East China Sea before finally returning to their bases, covering around 2,000 nautical miles. They also conducted mutual rescue drills, which were jointly conducted by a Russian and Chinese boat. The two sides also shared air defence radar data to intercept targets during the earlier joint exercise and shared key sensor data on anti-submarine warfare. (“Details of Russian-Chinese joint submarine exercise ‘that sent message to US’ released,” SCMP, 01 November 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
China to lift chip export ban for a few European firms, reports BBC
On 31 October, the BBC reported that China will loosen its chip export ban. This comes after Dutch authorities took charge of the Chinese firm Nexperia. In retaliation, China said that it will not re-export the chips completed in Chinese factories in Europe, which could lead to the temporary shutdown of Volvo and Volkswagen factories. Around 70% of Nexperia chips made in Europe are sent to China to be completed and re-exported to other countries. China’s Ministry of Commerce said: “We will comprehensively consider the actual situation of enterprises and grant exemptions to exports that meet the criteria.” And that the improper intervention by the Dutch government led to the chaos in the global supply chain. (“China to loosen chip export ban to Europe after Netherlands row,” BBC, 31 October 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Xi-Carney discusses the revival of the fraught ties between China and Canada
On 31 October, China’s President Xi Jinping and Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney met on the sidelines of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation meeting in South Korea. This is the first time since 2017 that leaders of the two countries have met. Xi stated that China is willing to work with Canada and takes this meeting as an opportunity to get China-Canada relations back on track. Xi also urged that they should view each other correctly and expand their cooperation in areas of trade and economy. Carney said: “Both leaders directed their officials to move quickly to resolve outstanding trade issues and irritants.” This comes after years of tense ties, since the Huawei executive Meng Wanzhou was arrested at the request of the US, and two Canadians were accused of espionage. China was also accused of interfering in Canadian elections, and the former Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau stood with the US over 100 per cent tariffs on Chinese goods. (Xi-Carney talks open door for Canada to ‘make up for lost time’ with China, SCMP, 31 October 2025)