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Conflict Weekly
Blinken’s Ninth Visit to Israel and the Mpox Outbreak in Africa
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IPRI Team
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Conflict Weekly #242, 22 August 2024, Vol.5, No.34
An initiative by NIAS-IPRI
Ayan Datta and Anu Maria Joseph
Blinken’s Ninth visit to Israel: US and the War in Gaza
Ayan Datta
In the news
On 19 August, Israel’s Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, told the US Secretary of State, Anthony Blinken, that he would send Mossad Chief David Barnea, Shin Bet Director Ronen Bar, and Israel Defence Forces (IDF) Major General Nitzan Alon to Cairo for negotiations with Hamas. Additionally, Israel accepted Blinken’s “bridging proposal” for a ceasefire and hostage exchange, and the US urged Hamas to do the same.
On 18 August, Blinken arrived in Tel Aviv to advance the Israel-Hamas negotiations, marking his ninth visit to Israel since the war began. Blinken stated: “This is a decisive moment, probably the best, maybe the last, opportunity to get the hostages home, to get a cease-fire.”
The same day, Hamas leaked the terms of Blinken’s proposal, which included the following: the IDF would declare a temporary ceasefire and reduce its presence at the Philadelphi Corridor, the Palestinian Authority (PA) would govern the Rafah crossing under Israel’s supervision, the IDF would control the Netzarim Corridor and screen Palestinians passing through it, and Israel have the right to veto the release of 100 Palestinian prisoners demanded by Hamas. Furthermore, Israel would deport multiple Palestinian prisoners, and its military would be allowed to resume operations against Hamas if the group were to refuse its demands.
On the same day, Hamas rejected Blinken’s proposal for being biased towards Israel. The armed group reiterated its demand for a permanent ceasefire and stated: “We are not facing a deal or real negotiations, but…American diktats.” Hamas added that negotiations should implement the armed group’s 2 July proposal, based on US President Joe Biden’s three-stage plan, instead of discussing new proposals.
On 17 August, the US, Qatar and Egypt announced a “bridging proposal” to Israel and Hamas, which was “consistent with the principles laid out by Biden on May 31, 2024. On the same day, Hamas stated that there was no progress on ceasefire-hostage negotiations and accused the US of creating a “false positive atmosphere.”
Issues at large
First, the US objectives in the Gaza war. According to The Times of Israel and Al Jazeera, Washington aims to secure a hostage deal and permanent ceasefire, support Israel’s right to self-defence and its goal of destroying Hamas but with lower civilian casualties, deter Iran and its proxies from escalating the conflict, and establish a two-state solution with Gaza under the PA’s control.
Second, the US’ strategies. Since 7 October, Washington has pledged “ironclad support” for Israel through diplomatic support and weapons shipments and used its regional presence to counter Iran and its proxies. The US has kept negotiations alive by engaging regional partners, including Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Egypt, the UAE, and the PA, proposing a ceasefire-hostage exchange plan and facilitating aid delivery in Gaza through international platforms and the Gaza Aid pier. According to the Economist, Blinken has played a crucial role in the US diplomatic efforts to reach a ceasefire. Previously, he visited Israel five times between October and November 2023, leading to a 7-day pause. In 2024, he visited Israel nine times to reach a new ceasefire agreement.
Third, limitations of the US. According to the Times of Israel, the US’ aims of securing a permanent ceasefire and support for the elimination of Hamas are contradictory because the permanent ceasefire would lead to Hamas’ revival as a governing force. Furthermore, Israeli leaders have consistently rejected a two-state solution and PA rule over Gaza, instead supporting the IDF’s “overriding security control” over the enclave. Additionally, the Institute for National Security Studies reported that Hamas' immense popularity in Gaza, massive tunnel network, and weapons stockpiles complicate any endgame involving the group’s destruction and rule of any other group over the enclave.
In perspective
Blinken’s visits to Israel mark a revival of the “shuttle diplomacy” approach to the Middle East conflicts, popularised by Henry Kissinger during the Arab-Israeli war of 1973-74. Blinken rarely met Israeli leaders in isolation, with his visits usually followed and preceded by trips to Arab states. However, unlike Kissinger, who successfully extracted concessions from Israel, Blinken provided unconditional support, limiting US leverage over Netanyahu. His bridging proposal reflects Israel’s desire to recreate the pre-2005 political arrangement in Gaza, with a weak PA in charge and IDF enjoying a substantial presence, completely alienating Hamas in the process. As long as the US carte blanche to Israel continues, its efforts to resolve the conflict are unlikely to succeed.
Mpox Outbreak: Africa and Beyond
Anu Maria Joseph
In the news
On 20 August, the World Health Organization Europe (WHO Europe) director Hans Kluge stated: “Mpox is not the new COVID” and that “we know how to control mpox. And, in the European region, the steps needed to eliminate its transmission altogether.”
On 19 August, the Philippines reported the first clade Ib variant mpox case. Subsequently, the health ministries of South Korea, Japan, Malaysia and Indonesia announced precautions and alerts to avoid a spread.
On 15 August, the WHO declared a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) amidst the Mpox outbreak in Africa. WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stated that the possibility of a spread beyond Africa "is very worrying." He added: "A co-ordinated international response is essential to stop this outbreak and save lives."
On 16 August, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) advised travel warnings for the regions affected by mpox virus. It came after the first clade Ib variant case was detected in Sweden.
Previously, on 13 August, the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) declared a health emergency in Africa. It reported that since January more than 13,700 cases and 450 deaths due to clade Ib mpox variant have been recorded in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It has spread to other African countries including Burundi, the Central African Republic, Kenya and Rwanda.
On the same day, Africa CDC Director General Jean Kaseya stated: “We didn’t start vaccinations yet. We’ll start in a few days, if we are sure that everything is in place. End of next week vaccines will start to arrive in DRC and other countries.”
Issues at large
First, the mpox virus, origin, symptoms, mutants, and cure. Mpox, also known as monkeypox, was first identified in monkeys in a laboratory in Denmark in 1958. It is a zoonotic disease which can be transmitted from animals to humans. The first human case was reported in 1970. Mpox spreads through close contact with an infected via sex, skin-to-skin contact and body fluids. The symptoms are skin lesions and flu-like symptoms. The disease is at times fatal. It is similar to smallpox which was eradicated from the world in 1980. According to public health and virology professor at Texas State University, Rodney Rohde, mpox is a DNA virus, which does not mutate rapidly unlike RNA viruses. However, 50 variants of the mpox virus have been identified so far; all having a low impact on the severity of the disease. The strand which has been spreading in the DRC is clade 1b. It is highly contagious and deadly, and was described by the scientists as "the most dangerous yet." Meanwhile, smallpox vaccines are said to be 80 per cent effective in mpox.
Second, previous mpox outbreaks. This is not the first time the mpox outbreak has been reported worldwide. The first outbreak of the disease was reported in the US in 2003 with 70 cases. The virus was believed to be brought to the US through an infected prairie dog from Gambia. Cases were also reported in the UK, Israel, and Singapore, and among people who recently travelled to African countries. In May 2022, another mpox clade II variant outbreak was reported with active cases in the US, the UK, Australia, Canada and several other countries, affecting nearly 100,000 people. In January 2023, a major outbreak of mpox clade I in the DRC reported 19,000 cases and 900 deaths.
Third, vulnerable gender, age and geographies. The disease has been endemic in Africa since 1970 and limited to several western and central African countries. However, presently, the new variant has been identified in other African countries including Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Africa and Uganda. The lack of access to vaccines and vaccination facilities, and slow precautions and responses have accelerated the spread. Africa CDC reported that children and women are highly affected in number and have an increased fatal risk. The conflict-hit regions in eastern DRC, especially internally displaced camps in the North Kivu province, are vulnerable to a rapid spread as isolation is impossible.
In perspective
The frequency of the outbreak has increased, new strands are appearing and rapidly spreading, and the fatality rate is increasing. It seems that the virus is more concerning, unlike the previous outbreaks. Besides the DRC, conflict-hit regions in Africa including Sudan, Chad, Somalia and Ethiopia are more vulnerable to the spread of the disease. The absence of state apparatus, health facilities, and disrupted life in the conflict-hit regions make it susceptible to the spread of disease.
An endemic in African countries gained international concern when the number of cases and the possibility of a global spread increased. It implies Africa's double burden of carrying communicable diseases while international actors remain ignorant. African countries lack state-level capacity to take precautions to control such a virus spread. Regional and international responses to the DRC outbreak were too late and too little, despite the WHO acknowledging Africa’s disease burden. The outbreak needs to be controlled by vaccinating the vulnerable groups in the vulnerable geographies. As Madeline Barron says, "diseases don't know boundaries," something the world learned from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Global Protests Tracker #3
Zimbabwe and Venezuela
Anu Maria Joseph
It seems the protests in the UK, Kenya, Nigeria and Bangladesh have come to an end. However, a revisit after a few months would tell the melting point, and success of these protests. This week, protests continued in Venezuela. Meanwhile, much attention is not received on the protests in Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe: An isolated anti-government protest
In Zimbabwe, the crackdown on opposition parties and leaders has been ongoing for a long time under the ZANU-PF party, during Robert Mugabe's regime and now under Emmerson Mnangagwa. However, it intensified after Mnangagwa passed the Patriotic Bill right after the 2023 elections, criminalising “wilfully damaging the sovereignty and national interest of Zimbabwe” and imposing sentences of up to 20 years. The law targeted opposition groups, human rights groups and journalists. Since then, parallel to recurring protests, several opposition members have been arrested, abducted, and tortured. Since June 2024, security officials have been attacking the opposition members and their protest venues, accusing them of trying to sabotage the SADC summit. This is the first time the country is hosting the SADC summit. According to Amnesty International, at least 160 people have been arrested since June. While the anti-government protests continue isolated, the opposition supporters blame the SADC, and other regional actors for their silence on Zimbabwe's illiberal democracy.
Venezuela: Strengthening protests
On 18 August, BBC reported on continuing protests in Venezuela against Nicolás Maduro's disputed election victory. Thousands have joined the protest supporting opposition leader María Corina Machado. The UN, the US, the EU and several Latin American countries have refused to recognise Maduro's victory. Maduro's government has used force and arbitrary arrest against opposition members and its supporters. It seems the protest is gaining momentum with increased participation and international support. However, it remains uncertain whether Maduro will give up.
Issues in Peace and Conflict This Week:
Regional Roundups
Rohini Reenum, Femy Francis, Anu Maria Joseph, Padmashree Anandhan, Ayan Datta, Samruddi Pathak, Sayeka Ghosh and Neha Tresa George
China, East, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific
China: Clashes with the Filipino coast guard in the South China Sea
On 19 August, the Chinese Coast Guard accused the Filipino counterpart of “unprofessional and dangerous” behaviour and a deliberate collision. Chinese spokesperson Gan Yu warned the Philippines to “cease its infringement and provocation” or face consequences. The Filipino vessel 4410 reportedly rammed Chinese vessel 21551 after ignoring warnings. This incident follows ongoing disputes between the countries over the Second Thomas Shoal and the Sabina Shoal. The Filipino Coast Guard spokesperson Jay Tarriela asserted their right to operate in the area stating: “Our Philippine Coast Guard vessels have the right to operate within the lagoon of Escoda Shoal for as long as necessary, without requiring permission from any other country.”
Taiwan: Hotel chain faces boycott over refusal to hoist Chinese flag
On 16 August, SCMP reported that a Taiwanese hotel chain, Evergreen Laurel, faced boycott calls from China after its Paris branch refused to hoist China’s flag during the Olympics. Videos of the incident have spurred outrage on Chinese social media. The Beijing Daily’s social media page demanded boycotts of Evergreen Laurel. A Taiwan official Liang Wen-chieh denounced the move of using nationalism to disrupt business. This incident comes amidst consumer boycotts in China against firms perceived to offend nationalist sentiments. The hotel’s website later listed locations by cities from countries, amid accusations of not recognising Taiwan as part of China.
South Korea: North Korean soldier found near the Military Demarcation Line
On 20 August, The Korea Times reported that a North Korean soldier was found on the northern part of the Military Demarcation Line (MDL) by the South Korean Military. The Joint Chief of Staff (JCS) confirmed the defection and stated that an investigation is underway. This comes 12 days after a North Korean resident reached South Korea by crossing the neutral zone of the Han River. Recently, South Korea has been conducting full-scale anti-Pyongyang broadcasts in response to the North's repeated launches of trash balloons.
Japan: 79 years of World War II surrender
On 15 August, Japan Today reported on Japan marking the 79th anniversary of its Second World War surrender. Emperor of Japan Naruhito, Empress of Japan Masako, and Prime Minister of Japan Fumio Kishida attended the ceremony. The ceremony mourned the three million Japanese civilians and soldiers who died during the war. During his speech, Kishida ignored Japan’s wartime aggression and focussed on free and open international order. Emperor Naruhito expressed his “deep remorse.”
Japan: Lifts Nankai Trough megaquake alert, urges continued vigilance
On 15 August, Japan lifted its first-ever Nankai Trough megaquake alert. Despite the alert’s cancellation, authorities emphasised that the risk of a major earthquake persists. Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshimasa Hayashi stressed the importance of ongoing preparedness, advising citizens to secure furniture and familiarise themselves with evacuation sites. The alert system, triggered by abnormal seismic activity along the Nankai Trough, does not guarantee safety once lifted. Toyo University Professor Isao Nakamura explained that the danger does not suddenly decrease, but diminishes gradually. Prime Minister Fumio Kishida called for clear communication about post-alert measures. Minister of Disaster Management Yoshifumi Matsumura noted the need to examine information dissemination and address discrepancies in tsunami arrival times within municipalities.
Australia and New Zealand: AUKUS to boost security
On 16 August, Reuters quoted Australian and New Zealand leaders that Australia, the UK, and the US (AUKUS) defence pact would improve regional security and stability. Australia’s Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and New Zealand’s Prime Minister Christopher Luxon stated that both countries would collaborate on security and prosperity. Although New Zealand is not a part of AUKUS, it has been seeking to collaborate on “pillar two” of the pact, focusing on shared military technology. Albanese said: “We share very much common values and we share common objectives, and it is not surprising we will look at any opportunity for including New Zealand in pillar two.” Prime Ministers issued concerns over tensions in the South China Sea and the need to maintain peace and stability. Additionally, they emphasised cyberattacks, targeting territorial integrity, political independence, and national security.
Myanmar: KIA seizes the Moumauk town in Kachin state
On 19 August, the Kachin Independence Army (KIA) claimed to have captured the Momauk Township in Kachin State, the last remaining junta base in the state. According to KIA, it seized arms and ammunition and six military vehicles. KIA spokesperson Colonel Naw Bu said that the armed group took control of the whole town. They claimed to have struck the Battalion 437 headquarters, an important base for the junta’s military operations.
Myanmar: Thousands flee Gwa township to Ayeyarway region
On 20 August, Irrawaddy Times reported that 1,300 civilians fled southern Rakhine State’s Gwa Township to neighbouring Ayeyarwady region amidst intense fighting between the Arakan Army (AA) and the junta troops. The AA with the joint resistance forces seized Kyeintall in Gwa Township in August.
Vietnam: Thousands of children to face difficulties in returning to school, warns Save the Children
On 20 August, Save the Children in Vietnam warned that around 4,500 children in northern Vietnam would face difficulties returning to school following the flash floods and landslides. In July, the region was affected by heavy downpours and flash floods that destroyed crops and displaced several communities.
South Asia
Pakistan: Seven TTP militants killed in Kurram, reveals ISPR
On 15 August, Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) revealed that seven Fitna Al Khawarij or the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) terrorists were killed in an intelligence operation in the Kurram district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. ISPR stated that five other terrorists were captured. Separately, ISPR reported that three soldiers and five members of Fitna Al Khawarij were killed on 18 August. The Pakistani forces successfully prevented an infiltration attempt along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border in the Bajaur District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The ISPR repeated its request to the Taliban regime to maintain effective management on their border. It added that it is important to prevent Afghan terrorists from using the shared territory to launch attacks on Pakistan.
Pakistan: Opposition parties to hold a peaceful rally
On 20 August, The News International reported that the opposition party Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) leaders decided to carry out a peaceful rally against the ruling government. A senior leader said: “It is our moral, constitutional and public duty to speak on issues and challenges being faced by the nation and the incompetence of the government will find even a little way forward and way out.” The PTI has planned to hold the rally on 22 August at Tarnol in Islamabad and other opposition parties would participate. At a meeting of opposition parties, they discussed the political and economic state of affairs and reiterated the supremacy of the constitution and the parliament. The participants are uniformly concerned about the government’s “self-serving” actions “at the cost of the Constitution and its spirit.” PTI member and National Assembly opposition leader Omar Ayub said: “Efforts will continue to restore the Constitution and rule of law in Pakistan and a nationwide campaign against the government will be announced soon.”
The Middle East and Africa
Israel: Polio case detected in Gaza, UN chief urges “polio pause”
On 16 August, the Palestinian Ministry of Health in Gaza reported the first case of polio in the Gaza Strip, with the victim being a ten-month-old baby from Deir-el-Balah. On the same day, Hamas supported a proposal by UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres for humanitarian pauses to vaccinate Gaza’s population.
Israel: IDF continues attacks in Gaza, recover six hostages’ bodies
On 21 August, the IDF stated that its forces struck a Hamas compound “embedded and hidden” in Gaza City’s Mustafa Khaft school, killing 12 people. On 20 August, the IDF recovered the bodies of six hostages in Khan Younis. On 19 August, according to Al Jazeera, the Israeli Air Force (IAF) killed 35 Gazans. On 17 August, the IDF carried out attacks in southern Gaza’s Khan Younis city, northern Gaza’s Jabalia camp, and central Gaza’s Nuseirat refugee camp. Additionally, the IDF ordered Palestinians to leave parts of central Gaza’s Maghazi refugee camp. On 16 August, the IAF struck targets in northern Gaza’s Ta al-Hawa neighbourhood and southern Gaza’s Zeitoun neighbourhood.
Israel: Tel-Aviv unveils new West Bank settlements amid continuing raids and settler violence
On 18 August, Israeli forces raided the Baqat al-Hatab in Qalqilya in the western West Bank. On 17 August, Israel’s government announced plans to establish a new settlement in the occupied territory in response to multiple European countries recognising the state of Palestine. Additionally, according to the Times of Israel, the IDF and Shin Bet killed two Hamas members in West Bank’s Jenin city, alleging that the duo planned a shooting attack that killed one Israeli. On 16 August, Israeli settlers attacked the northern West Bank village of Jit, killing one Palestinian. The attackers fired at residents, burning cars and destroying homes and property.
Sudan: Health ministry declares cholera epidemic
On 19 August, the Sudanese Ministry of Health announced a cholera epidemic after 354 cases and 22 deaths were reported in the recent weeks. The WHO reported that 78 people have died due to cholera in the country between 1 January and 28 July. Seasonal floods and a 16-month civil war between the military factions have exacerbated the situation. Minister of Health Haitham Mohamed Ibrahim stated that the outbreak was “because of the weather conditions and because drinking water has been contaminated.”
Mali: 15 soldiers killed in a clash with jihadists
On 17 August, Africanews reported that at least 15 members of Mali’s Defence and Security Forces (FDS) were killed during clashes with jihadists in the Mopti region. The jihadists belonged to the Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal Muslimeen (JNIM).
Democratic Republic of Congo: 16 villagers killed in a clash with M23 rebels
On 16 August, Africanews reported that at least 16 villagers were killed in a clash between the M23 rebels and pro-government militias in the Rutshuru region of North Kivu Province. The fighting has raised concern on the break of a ceasefire which came into effect on 4 August. Issac Kibira, an administrative official, stated: "The M23 rebel position was attacked by the Wazalendo youth (and) unfortunately, seven civilians died.”
Southern Africa: 68 million requires assistance amidst drought, reports SADC
On 17 August, the Southern African Development Community (SADC) Executive Secretary Elias Magosi stated that 17 per cent of the population in the region, nearly 68 million people, require assistance amidst the El Nino-induced drought. The bloc has warned of depleted crop and livestock production, causing food shortages in several countries. Magosi stated: “The 2024 rainy season has been a challenging one with most parts of the region experiencing negative effects of the El Nino phenomenon characterised by the late onset of rains.” Zimbabwe, Zambia and Malawi are reported to be the most affected.
Europe and The Americas
Russia: Ukrainian troops destroy a second bridge in the Kursk region
On 18 August, Politico reported that the Ukrainian forces destroyed a second bridge over the Seim River in the Glushkovsky district of the Kursk region. Ukrainian Air Force Commander, Mykol Oleshchuk, said: “The Ukrainian air force continues to deprive Russia of its logistical capabilities with accurate airstrikes, which significantly affects the course of hostilities.” Kursk’s acting governor, Alexei Smirnov, confirmed the attack and reported the destruction of two bridges by HIMARS missiles. The military resupplies to Russian forces are predicted to be disrupted.
France: Delay in Pacific leaders’ visit to assess unrest in New Caledonia
On 21 August, the Pacific Islands Forum’s planned visit to the French territory of New Caledonia has been postponed due to concerns raised by the local government over “due process and protocol.” The 18-country forum intended to send a delegation, including the PIF chair and Cook Islands Prime Minister Mark Brown, to help resolve the ongoing violence that has claimed 11 lives since mid-May. However, New Caledonia Congress President Roch Wamytan accused France of trying to control the visit, stating that it was “an unacceptable form of humiliation.” France’s High Commissioner to the Pacific, Veronique Roger-Lacan, denied any responsibility for the delay, stating that France was “ready anytime to welcome such a mission.” The unrest in New Caledonia points to the indigenous Kanaks’ struggle for independence. The French government’s attempted electoral reforms further fueled tensions. The UN has criticised France’s “excessive use of force,” undermining the decolonisation process.
Haiti: Shootout between police and escaped prisoners
On 17 August, a spokesperson for Haiti’s National Police, Michel Ange Louis Jeune, said that eleven escaped prisoners in Saint-Merc were killed and one was arrested after a shootout with the police. This is the third similar incident in 2024, where inmates break out of prison. Citizens of Haiti are undergoing a continuous humanitarian crisis due to gang violence. The escaped prisoners burned down the police dormitories and archives. Citizens of Saint-Merc have been asked to stay vigilant. Haiti prisons suffer from overcrowding.
Chile: Worker union’s strike against Lundin Mining continues
On 19 August, Reuters reported no signs of resolution between the workers’ union and Lundin Mining, a Canadian mining company, after a week of workers’ strike at the Caserones copper mine in Chile. President of the Caserones union, Marco Garcia, said that copper prices have been favourable to the industry but the profits are not being given to the workers. The workers are demanding higher wages and better working conditions. Meanwhile, the Head of the Chilean mining association SONAMI, Jorge Riesco, said that there needs to be a balance between workers’ pay and industry competitiveness.
About the authors
Rohini Reenum is a PhD Scholar at NIAS. Padmashree Anandhan and Anu Maria Joseph are Research Associates at NIAS. Femy Francis, Neha Tresa George, Sayeka Ghosh and Nuha Aamina are Research Assistants at NIAS. Samruddi Pathak is a Research Intern at NIAS. Ayan Datta is a Postgraduate Student at the University of Hyderabad.
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26 April 1986: Chernobyl nuclear accident
Dhriti Mukherjee
Profile: Street Crimes in Karachi
Femy Francis
Germany and China: It’s the economy, stupid
Arya Prasad
Elections in South Korea: Six Takeaways
Alka Bala
25 Years of Euro: What lies ahead?
GP Team
75 Years of NATO
NIAS South Asia Team
South Asia This Week (25 Mar- 01 Apr 2024)
Devi Chandana M
Rise in China’s Marriages
Padmashree Anandhan
Ireland: Four reasons why Prime Minister Leo Varadkar resigned
GP Team
Elections in Senegal
NIAS Africa Team
Africa This Week (16-22 March)
T C A Raghavan
March 1739: Nadir Shah invades Delhi
Karthik Manoharan
17 March 1992: The end of Apartheid in South Africa
Rosemary Kurian
18 March 2014: Russia annexes Crimea
NIAS Africa Team
Africa This Week
IPRI Team
Continuing Kidnappings in Nigeria
Sivasubramanian K
09 March 1776: Adam Smith publishes “The Wealth of Nations”
NIAS South Asia Team
South Asia This Week (2-9 Mar 2024)
NIAS South Asia Team
South Asia This Week (26 Feb-02 Mar 2024)
NIAS Africa Team
Africa This Week (1 March-7 March)
NIAS Africa Team
Africa This Week (24 February-29 February)
Asanga Abeyagoonasekera
Sri Lanka: The rise of ultra-nationalism and elections
IPRI Team
The Battle for Avdiivka in Ukraine
NIAS South Asia Team
South Asia This Week (11-17 Feb 2024)
NIAS Africa Team
Africa This Week
IPRI Team
Israel's Military Campaign in Rafah
NIAS Latin America Team
Latin America This Week (3-10 Feb 2024)
NIAS South Asia Team
South Asia This Week (3-10 Feb 2024)
NIAS Africa Team
Africa This Week (3-10 Feb 2024)
IPRI Team
Protests in Senegal
Jerry Franklin A
Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON): Five Questions
Padmashree Anandhan, Femy Francis, Rohini Reenum, Akriti Sharma, Akhil Ajith, Shamini Velayutham and Anu Maria Joseph
Expert Interview: Russia in the International Order
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Myanmar: Ethnic Armed Organizations, China’s Mediation and Continuing Fighting
Narmatha S and Anu Maria Jospeh
Ethiopia-Somalia tensions over Somaliland | Explained
CEAP Team
Taiwan elections
GP Team
Taiwan Election 2024
Femy Francis
Taiwan Election 2024: The return of DPP
IPRI Team
The War in Ukraine and Gaza
CEAP Team
NIAS- CEAP- China Reader | Daily Briefs
Padmashree Anandhan
The War in Ukraine: Drones, missiles and counterattacks
Anu Maria Joseph
Ethiopia and Sudan: Governance in deadlock
Hoimi Mukherjee | Hoimi Mukherjee is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science in Bankura Zilla Saradamani Mahila Mahavidyapith.
Chile in 2023: Crises of Constitutionality
Richa Chandola | Richa Chandola is an independent scholar.
Peru in 2023: Political Tensions, Civil Unrest, and Governance Issues
Aprajita Kashyap | Aprajita Kashyap is a faculty of Latin American Studies, School of International Studies at the Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi.
Haiti in 2023: The Humanitarian Crisis
Shreya Pandey | Shreya Pandey is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science, Xavier’s College, Ranchi. Her research interests include EU-India relations, and current trends in international relations.
Russian Invasion on Ukraine: An assessment of its impact upon unity, economy and enlargement of the EU
Binod Khanal | Binod Khanal is a Doctoral candidate at the Centre for European Studies, School of International Studies, JNU, New Delhi.
The Baltic: Energy, Russia, NATO and China
Rishika Yadav | Rishika Yadav is a Research Assistant at NIAS.
Finland in 2023: Challenges at Russia's border
Padmashree Anandhan | Padmashree Anandhan is a Research Associate at the School of Conflict and Security Studies, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangaluru.
Germany in 2023: Defence, Economy and Energy Triangle
Anu Maria Joseph | Anu Maria Joseph is a Research Assistant at NIAS.
Ethiopia and Sudan in 2023: Governance in deadlock
Nuha Aamina | Nuha Aamina is an undergraduate student at the Department of International Relations, Peace and Public Policy, St Joseph's University.
Thailand: Economic stability despite political instability
Alka Bala | Alka Bala is an undergraduate student at the Department of International Relations, Peace and Public Policy, St Joseph's University.
Myanmar in 2023: Extended Emergency, Political Instability and State-led violence
Sayani Rana | Sayani Rana is an undergraduate student at the Department of International Relations, Peace, and Public Policy, St Joseph's University, Bangalore.
Australia in 2023: Challenges of Economy, Employment and Immigration
Ashok Alex Luke | Ashok Alex Luke is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Political Science at CMS College, Kottayam.
China and South Asia in 2023: Advantage Beijing?
Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri | Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri is a postgraduate student at the Department of Defence and Strategic Studies at the University of Madras, Chennai.
China and East Asia
Femy Francis | Femy Francis is a Research Assistant at the National Institute of Advanced Studies.
China in 2023: Cracks in the Great Wall
Amit Gupta | Dr Amit Gupta is an international security and economics analyst based in the USA
The US: The Year of Living Dangerously?
Kuri Sravan Kumar | Kuri Sravan Kumar is a PhD scholar at the Department of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi.
North Korea in 2023: Military buildups and Close Connections with Russia
Yogeshwari S | Yogeswari S is a postgraduate student at the Department of Defence and Strategic Studies at the University of Madras, Chennai.
South Korea in 2023: Addressing Climate Change and the Global Supply Chains
Abhishek Ranjan | Abhishek Ranjan is a PhD student at the Korean Studies, Centre for East Asian Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.
East Asia in 2023: Big Power Politics and New Defence Strategies
IPRI Team
Special Edition: Conflicts in 2023
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Weekly #92&93 | COP 28 and Africa
Nithyashree RB
COP28 and Africa: Priorities and Initiatives
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Weekly #91 | Failed coup in Sierra Leone
Anu Maria Joseph
Sierra Leone: A failed coup
GP Team
Henry Kissinger: A profile
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Weekly #90 | Floods in East Africa
Jerry Franklin A
Floods in East Africa
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Weekly #89 | Africa’s debate on colonial reparations
Sneha Surendran
Africa’s debate on colonial reparations
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Weekly #87&88 | Elusive Ceasefires in Sudan
Anu Maria Joseph
Sudan’s ceasefires remain elusive: Four reasons why
GP Team
UK’s AI Summit
Femy Francis
Ten years of BRI: Xi and the Beijing Summit
Femy Francis
The return of the South China Sea
Femy Francis
BRICS Summit poised as the Champion of Global South
Femy Francis
Japan-Australia's Reciprocal Access Agreement
CR Team | Avishka Ashok
China: Palestine Authority President Mahmoud Abbas’ visit emphasizes hope for statehood
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Weekly #85&86 | Niger-France ties and Liberia elections
Nithyashree RB
Liberia elections: Explained
Jerry Franklin
France's increasing unpopularity in Niger
PR Team
The Snow Leopards of Pakistan
Padmashree Anandhan
Poland elections 2023: Reasons behind the shift
Padmashree Anandhan
Ukraine: The failure of the Black Sea Grain Initiative
Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri
Issues for Europe
Yogeswari S | CSIS
Poland’s engagement
Prof Joyati Bhattacharya
G20 Summit: India the Global Host
Anu Maria Joseph
Africa in the Indian Ocean region: Explained
Dhriti Mukherjee
Pakistan grapples with soaring electricity bills and free riders
Shamini Velayutham
Pakistan: Recent spike in Polio cases
Dhriti Mukherjee
Pakistan’s power predicament: Soaring bills and public discontent
Ankit Singh
Pakistan’s Economy: Three questions
Sneha Surendran
From Cargo to Canvas: The vibrant world of Pakistani Truck Art
Anu Maria Joseph
Taiwan in Africa: The Last Ally and the Lost Allies
Feben Itty | CSIS
NATO’s Challenge
Genesy B | abcnews
Russia’s Endgame
Sreeja JS
Ukraine’s Strategies and Endgame
NIAS Africa Team
Africa Weekly #79 | Africa Climate Summit
Sneha Surendran
Africa Climate Summit: Rising new leadership in climate action
Nithyashree RB
Coup in Gabon: Three questions
NIAS Africa Team
Africa Weekly #78 | Coup in Gabon
Sneha Surendran
Wildfires in Europe: Another year of devastation
Rishika Yadav
Floods in Europe: Impacts, and issues
Padmashree Anandhan
Return of the Heatwaves
Jerry Franklin A
A profile on Ethiopia's Oromo ethnic group
Sneha Surendran
A profile on Ethiopia’s Somali ethnic group
Nithyashree RB
A profile on Ethiopia’s Afar ethnic group
Anu Maria Joseph
Ethiopia’s Amhara problem
Jerry Franklin A
ECOWAS and Niger remain at an impasse, causing a prolonged standoff
Lakshmi Parimala H
Mural, Movie and the Map: Akhand Bharat mural and Adipurush
Rishika Yadav
The High Seas Treaty
Indrani Talukdar
Ukraine War and the International Order
Jerry Franklin A
Coup in Niger: Manifold national, regional and international stances
Sneha Surendran
Senegal's political crisis: Four questions
NIAS Africa Team
Africa Weekly #73&74 | Coup in Niger and Senegal’s political crisis
Himani Pant
Germany-Russia Relations: What Next?
D. Suba Chandran
Que Sara Sara: Pakistan, Two Months After 09 May
Sneha Surendran
Pakistan’s e-Sport Industry: A Profile
Ramya Balasubramanian
Russia and Europe: Understanding Moscow’s strategies
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Return of Violence in Manipur
Nithyashree RB
The UN in Africa: MINUSMA has failed. So did Mali
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Myanmar continues to burn
Anu Maria Joseph
The Wagner Group in Africa: Fallouts of the failed revolt in Russia
NIAS Africa Team
Africa Weekly #69-71 | The Wagner Group in Africa
Lakshmi Parimala
Hybrid Warfare in Ukraine
Padmashree Anandhan
Rise and fall of the Wagner Revolt: Four Takeaways
Sneha Surendran
The Wagner Revolt: A profile of Yevgeny Prigozhin
Padmashree Anandhan
The War in Ukraine: Four Issues to watch in 2023
Rishika Yadav, Sneha Surendran, Sandra D Costa, Ryan Marcus, Prerana P and Nithyashree RB
Global Gender Gap Report 2023: Regional Takeaways
Harini Madhusudan, Rishika Yada, Sneha Surendran, Prerana P, Sreeja JS and Padmashree Anandhan
Russia: Anatomy of Wagner Revolt, and its Fallouts
Anu Maria Joseph
Resurging insurgency in Uganda and insecurity in East Africa
Jerry Franklin
Eritrea: Back to the IGAD after 16 years
Bibhu Prasad Routray
India: Violence continues in Manipur
Jerry Franklin
Tunisia: A Political Profile
Jerry Franklin
Cameroon’s Anglophone Crisis: Reasons for its continuation
Anu Maria Joseph
Ceasefires in Sudan: An uneasy trajectory
Rishika Yadav, Sreeja JS, Nithyashree RB, and Melvin George | Rishika Yadav is a Research Assistant in NIAS Europe Studies at NIAS. Nithyashree RB, Sreeja JS, and Melvin George are Research Interns in NIAS Europe Studies at NIAS.
The Battle for Bakhmut: Significance, Objectives, Course, and What Next
Nithyashree RB
Poland approves Russian Influence Law: Three Implications
Rishika Yadav | Research Assistant, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore
Serbia: Mass shootings, protests and instability
Rishika Yadav and Nityashree RB | Research Assistant and Research Intern, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore
Turkey’s Elections: Unravelling the Political Spectacle of 2023
Padmashree Anandhan | Research Associate National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore
Belgorod drone attacks: Who, What and Why?
NIAS Africa Team
In Focus | Japan in Africa
Devjyoti Saha
Japan in Africa: Renewed Efforts to Revitalise Relations
Indrani Talukdar
Russia's Position in the Arctic: New challenges
Lakshmi Parimala H
Bhutan's Gross National Happiness
Amit Gupta
The Trump Phenomenon: Why it Won’t Go
Rishika Yadav
Turkey’s Election: Issues, Actors and Outcomes
IPRI Team
The Armenia-Azerbaijan Stalemate
NIAS Africa Team
Droughts in East Africa: A climate disaster
NIAS Africa Team
Sudan: Intensifying political rivalry and expanding violence
NIAS Africa Team
Expanding Russia-South Africa relations
Padmashree Anandhan
Pentagon document leak: Russia-Ukraine Conflict From a Tactical Lens
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | Tunisia: The question of undocumented migrants
Indrani Talukdar
Belarus’s endgame in Russia-Ukraine Conflict
Padmashree Anandhan
Russia: Drone attacks escalate the Ukraine war
Padmashree Anandhan
The UK: Conservative party put to test as worker strikes continue
Bhoomika Sesharaj
PR Explains: Pakistan’s power outage
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Pakistan’s Blue Helmets: A long-standing contribution
D Suba Chandran
Karachi: The race and new alignments for the Mayor
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | Macron’s visit to Africa: Three Takeaways
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | Nigeria elections: Ruling party wins; What is ahead?
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | M23 atrocities in DRC and upcoming Nigeria elections
NIAS Africa Team
Africa in 2023: Elections and conflicts
IPRI Team
The continuing crisis in Israel
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | Chinese Foreign Minister's visit to Africa
IPRI Team
Protests in Spain, Sweden and Israel
Avishka Ashok
China: A complicated economic recovery
Padmashree Anandhan
Europe: An impending energy crisis and its economic fallouts
Ankit Singh
Defence: Towards a new cold war
Riya Itisha Ekka
Brazil: Managing Bolsonaro’s legacy
Apoorva Sudhakar
Africa: Despite the elections, democratic backslide will continue
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Pakistan in 2023: Between elections, economic turmoil and climate crisis
Sethuraman Nadarajan
Sri Lanka in 2023: A troubling economy and an unstable polity
Avishka Ashok
Chinese Foreign Minister's visit to Africa
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | Bamako’s pardon of Ivorian soldiers
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | The relapse of ANC
Allen Joe Mathew, Sayani Rana, Joel Jacob
Newsmakers: From Putin to Rushdie
Sethuraman Nadarajan
Rest in Peace; Queen Elizabeth. Mikhail Gorbachev, Pelé...
Ankit Singh
Global economy in 2022: The year of cooling down
Bhoomika Sesharaj
Digital world: Elon Musk and the Twitter Chaos
Madhura Mahesh
The FTX Collapse: Depleting cryptocurrencies
Harini Madhusudan
The Space race: Scaling new technological feats
Avishka Ashok
G20: More challenges
Akriti Sharma
COP27: Hits and Misses
Padmashree Anandhan
The Ukraine War
Poulomi Mondal
French Exit from Mali: More questions than answers
Mohaimeen Khan
Yemen, Syria, and Sudan: Continuing humanitarian crises
Padmashree Anandhan
NATO and the Madrid Summit: Expanding defence frontiers
Padmashree Anandhan
Elections in France, Sweden, and Italy: The rise of the right
Janardhan G
North Korea: Missile Tests Galore
Avishka Ashok
The Taiwan Strait: Political and military assertions
Anu Maria Joseph
Ethiopia: Uncertainties despite ceasefire
Apoorva Sudhakar
Tunisia: The end of the Jasmine Revolution
Rashmi BR
Iraq: Deadlock and breakthrough
Kaviyadharshini A
Iran: Anti-government protests
Chrishari de Alwis Gunasekare
Sri Lanka: Political and Economic Crises
Aparupa Bhattacherjee
Myanmar: The coup and after
NIAS Africa Team
The US-Africa Leaders Summit
IPRI Team
Workers strike in the UK
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | End of Operation Barkhane
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | The ceasefire in Ethiopia
IPRI Team
Drone attacks in Russia
Vignesh Ram | Assistant Professor | Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
Malaysia’s recent Elections: More questions than answers
Vignesh Ram
Anwar Ibrahim: Malaysia's new Prime Minister
Harini Madhusudan, Rishma Banerjee, Padmashree Anandhan, Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan, and Avishka Ashok
What next for Russia, Ukraine, Europe, South Asia & India, and China
Padmashree Anandhan and Rishma Banerjee
UNGA 77: Who said what from Europe?
Rashmi BR and Akriti Sharma
COP27: Ten key takeaways
Rashmi Ramesh
Ice Melt in Alps in Europe: Three impacts
Rishma Banerjee
Tracing Europe's droughts
Padmashree Anandhan
Major causes behind Europe’s continuing heatwaves
Emmanuel Selva Royan
100 days of the Ukraine war: US Responses in the war
Padmashree Anandhan
100 days of the Ukraine war: What next for Europe?
Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan
100 days of the Ukraine war: More loss than gain for Russia
NIAS Africa Team
IN FOCUS | Challenges to peace in Eastern Congo
Avishka Ashok | Research Associate | National Institute of Advanced Studies
20th Party Congress of the Communist Party of China: Major takaways
Angelin Archana | Assistant Professor, Women’s Christian College, Chennai
China's response to the Ukraine crisis: Shaped by its relationship with Russia and EU under the US Shadow
Shreya Upadhyay | Assistant Professor, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore
Transatlantic Ties in the Wake of Ukraine-Russia War
Uma Purushothaman | Assistant Professor, Central University of Kerala, Kerala
Ukraine and beyond: The US Strategies towards Russia
Debangana Chatterjee | Assistant Professor, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bangalore
Lessons from Ukraine War: Effectiveness of Sanctions
Himani Pant | Research Fellow, ICWA, Delhi
Ukraine and beyond: What next for Russia and Europe?
Sethuraman Nadarajan
Israel-Lebanon Maritime Border Deal
Avishka Ashok