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GP Team
11 July 2021 |
The World This Week #127, Vol. 3, No. 28
Joeana Cera Matthews and Sukanya Bali
Haiti: Political crisis follows the assassination of President Moise
What happened?
On 7 July, Haiti's President Jovenel Moïse was assassinated at his residence in Port-au-Prince. Hours later, Joseph Claude Joseph took charge as interim Prime Minister and stated: "A group of individuals who have not been identified... attacked the private residence of the President of the Republic and fatally injured the Head of State." He then declared Haiti to be in a state of siege. A statement made by Claude – Ariel Henry, who Moïse suggested as Prime Ministerial replacement highlights the issue of leadership: "It's an exceptional situation. There is a bit of confusion. I am the Prime Minister in office."
On 8 July, amidst suspicions of external involvement, US President Joe Biden said: "We condemn this heinous act, stand ready to assist as we continue to work for a safe and secure Haiti." Also on 8 July, Colombian Defense Minister Diego Molano, on the identity of the perpetrators, stated: "Interpol has officially requested information about the alleged perpetrators of this crime. Initially, the information indicates that they are Colombian citizens, retired members of the National Army."
What is the background?
First, the assassination of President Moise. A heavily armed commando unit of 26 Colombians and two Haitian Americans is believed to behind the attack. The motive of the assassination remains unclear. While a section is accusing the outsiders - especially the mercenaries from Colombia, there are other versions also over the reasons behind his assassination.
Second, the post-assassination political crisis. According to the Haitian constitution, if the President abruptly departs, the head of the Supreme Court is to lead the government; but this position remains vacant since the former head's death. In this power vacuum, the National Assembly could select a new leader; but there is no National Assembly since legislative elections are interminably delayed. This leaves Claude in charge, yet the dilemma persists as Moïse had announced that Claude would be replaced by Ariel Henry, a neurosurgeon connected to the opposition. Despite politicians and other stakeholders expressing their displeasure in Claude taking charge, a transition seems unlikely amidst the crisis.
Third, the pre-assassination political crises. Even before the assassination, Haiti was in chaos. The country was battered by protests, economic crises, and the pandemic. The crux of the problem was Moïse's illegitimate rule – him overstaying his mandate garnered strong opposition and subsequent countrywide protests. Limiting judicial review and the creation of an intelligence service that answered only to the President further aggravated the public. Haiti's shaky political situation also increased the violence by armed gangs across the country. Large parts of the country are now controlled by these gangs, and the police are rendered inefficient. With the spiralling inflation, worsening coronavirus pandemic, and scarcity of food and fuel – the economic and social crisis only worsened the situation.
Fourth, the history of external interference in Haiti. International actors like the US and the UN have failed to stabilize Haitian politics despite their immense influence and long history of intervention. Despite the Biden administration's pledge to assist in the investigation, the US turned down Haiti's request for troops to help maintain security – stating they had no intention of providing military assistance at this juncture. Another matter of Haitian concern is the Colombian involvement – 17 of the 26 assailants involved had retired from the Colombian army. The play of double standards raises questions about foreign collusion.
What does it mean?
The assassination has raised more questions over immediate and long term issues. With the power struggle already in motion – who will lead the country? The political crisis will exacerbate the security situation. Though Haiti would be looking for some international support to maintain order in the immediate future, the US is less likely to get involved.
The deteriorating economic and social situation will only worsen the situation for Haiti.
China: Didi, a ride-hailing company in regulatory crosshairs
What happened?
On 9 July, Beijing authorities ordered the removal of 25 more apps operated by Didi Global Inc, which provides ride-hailing and related online services.
On 7 July, China's antitrust authority imposed fines on Didi and another tech for failing to report their merger deals in advance. The regulator also stopped Didi from adding new users.
On 6 July, China announced new rules on data security and cross-border data flows for Chinese companies, which seek to trade their shares abroad. On the same day, Didi's share value fell 4.6 per cent for the fifth day, which is 15 per cent below its debut price on the New York Stock Exchange, a week ago.
What is the background?
First, the rise of Didi Global. It is the biggest Chinese ride-hailing company with 20 million rides a day. It is an e-platform, which gathers real-time data of users every day, and is used to analyze traffic patterns. The app collects users' current location and trip route data for safety and data analysis. It also uses the car's camera to monitor road conditions for around 100 billion kilometres per year. The app operates in 16 other countries and has more than 377 million active users in China as of March 2021.
Second, the Government scrutiny over tech operations. Beijing has been revamping its policies towards privacy and data security. In April, the government issued a second version of a draft on Personal Information Protection Law, which imposes stricter measures to ensure safe storage. Last year, in September 2020, the government implemented the Data Security Law, for which companies were required to process their "critical data", to conduct risk assessments and submit reports to authorities. In May, the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) accused 105 apps of collecting excessive amounts of users' personal information and illegally accessing it. Beijing seems to be wanting to keep its data-rich firms under control for security reasons.
Third, differences between the government and China's tech conglomerates. For years, China provided a conducive environment for the growth of tech companies. Alibaba, Tencent, JD.com, with state support, grew in size and emerged as dominant players in the marketplace. However, over the past few months, the scrutiny over these companies has increased. In the past few months, Beijing has fined Alibaba USD 2.8 billion for antimonopoly violation, Alibaba backed Nice Tuan USD 200,000 for unfair competition practices. In November 2020, Ant Group, came under the watchdog scanner a few days before its massive IPO. The move thwarted the company's listing in Shanghai and Hong Kong. Similarly, the CAC announced an investigation into Didi soon after its IPO on 30 June in order to protect "national security and the public interest" citing the Beijing Cybersecurity Law of 2017. CAC said: "After checks and verification, the Didi Chuxing app was found to be in serious violation of regulations in its collection and use of personal information."
What does it mean?
Beijing's action against the homegrown tech companies shows that politics and tech in China are intertwined. It also shows that the government discourages Chinese tech companies from listing in the US.
Second, this shows Beijing's interest in keeping essential data within its borders and help domestic players to grow in an environment without unfair practices. Also, it indicates the government's interest in tech giants to show their loyalty towards the CCP.
Also, in the news …
By Sukanya Bali and Avishka Ashok
East and Southeast Asia This Week
China: 14 companies blacklisted by the US on Human Rights issue
On 9 July, the Biden administration added 14 more companies to the 'entity list' of alleged human rights abuses and high-tech surveillance in Xinjiang. The US Commerce Department said the companies had been added to the entity list "for their involvement in, or risk of becoming involved in, activities contrary to the foreign policy and national security interests of the United States." Chinese Foreign Minister said: "The Chinese side will take all necessary measures to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese companies and reject the US attempts to interfere in China's internal affairs."
China: Astronauts conduct a second spacewalk
On 4 July, two Chinese astronauts worked for around six hours in extravehicular activity outside the core module of space station Tianhe. China's first spacewalk was in 2008. The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) said: "The safe return of astronauts Liu Boming and Tang Hongbo to the Tianhe core module marks the complete success of the first spacewalk in our country's space station construction." CMSA reported the task included "elevating panoramic cameras outside Tianhe core module and testing of station-robotic-arm, which will be used to transfer future modules around the station."
Japan: North Korea considered a major cyber threat
On 8 July, a Japanese government cybersecurity organization in a draft "Cybersecurity Strategy" assessed North Korea as a threat to the country. With the increasing cyber capabilities of China and Russia, along with North Korea, they aim to achieve political goals or foreign currency by conducting cyberattacks. The draft calls for Japan to strengthen its capabilities. According to NKNews, ESTsecurity Security Response Centre (ESRC) head said: "the singling out of the three countries reflects their outsize role in the current cybersecurity landscape." He further said: "It's not that there's no attack from countries like Vietnam or Iran, but China, Russia, and North Korea take up a large volume."
Malaysia: UMNO withdraws its support
On 7 July, Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin announced Defence Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob as his Deputy and his Foreign Minister as senior Foreign Minister. He further said both leaders will retain their security and diplomatic profile respectively. At the same time ruling coalition party United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) threatened to withdraw its support. On 8 July, the largest ruling party announced its withdrawal support for the Prime Minister. The UMNO president said, "Muhyiddin's government has failed to rein in the coronavirus pandemic." He further said, his "inconsistent policies and half-baked lockdown measures have deepened economic hardships."
Myanmar: NLD's Vice-Chairperson charged with corruption
On 6 July, the military regime announced filing corruption charges against National League Democracy Vice-Chairperson, Zaw Myint Maung and former Mandalay Region Minister of Electricity, Energy and Construction, U Zarni Aung under the anti-corruption law. Zaw, who is already detained by the military regime, is further accused of taking bribes from private companies and for receiving 65 million kyats for the Amarapura urbanization project. Similarly, U Zarni has been accused of charging below-market-rate rent for properties leased to the NLD offices. Both the former leaders are already facing incitement charges under the regime.
Myanmar: Norway's Telenor to sell its subsidiary
On 9 July, Norwegian telecom group Telenor announced the sale of its subsidiary in Myanmar due to the military coup. Telenor Chief Executive said: "The situation in Myanmar has over the past months become increasingly challenging for Telenor for people security, regulatory and compliance." He further added: "We have evaluated all the options and believe a sale of the company is the best possible solution in this situation." Telenor will be sold to M1 Group for USD 105 million which will continue the operation of its fixed and wireless network in Myanmar.
South Asia This Week
India: Foreign Minister meets Russian counterpart in Moscow
On 9 July, External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, in a three-day visit to Moscow, held "productive" talks with his Russian counterpart, Sergey Lavrov, for bilateral cooperation on space, nuclear, energy, and defence sectors. Both the leaders also discussed global and regional issues of Afghanistan, Iran, and Syria. Jaishankar said: "the talks were as always very warm, comfortable, comprehensive, and productive." He further added, "despite the fact that so many things are changing in our world both before and as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, our time-tested and trust-based relationship is very much not just in place but remains very strong, continues to grow."
Sri Lanka: Fourth Rajapaksa brother enters the Cabinet
On 8 July, Basil Rajapaksa was sworn in as Sri Lanka's Finance Minister. He became the fourth Rajapaksa brother and a fifth member of the family to enter the Cabinet. Until now the position was helmed by Mahinda Rajapaksa, who is now allocated the newly-created portfolio of Economic Policies and Planning. In 2015, Basil was arrested on allegations of corruption and was later released on bail.
Afghanistan: Biden reiterates the exit, as Taliban violence expands
On 8 July, US President Joe Biden announced that the US War in Afghanistan would end on 31 August 2021. He said: "While we will not stay involved in Afghanistan militarily, our diplomatic and humanitarian work will continue. We'll continue to support the government of Afghanistan. We will keep providing assistance to the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces." President Biden pledged to fund and equip the Afghan security forces and urged all Afghan leaders to unite to ensure peace and prosperity in Afghanistan. On 7 July, the Taliban launched an offensive on Qala-e-Naw and showcased a deadly battle with the Afghan security forces. With the offensive on the city, the Taliban defied the US-Taliban agreement on not attacking major cities and provincial capitals. On 7 July, the Taliban and Afghani politicians agreed to a joint declaration in Tehran. Despite the joint declaration on working towards a peaceful solution, violence perpetrated by the Taliban is on a rise in multiple parts of the country.
Pakistan: Chief of Army Staff discusses bilateral relations in Qatar on a two-day visit
On 7 July, the Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Qamar Javed Bajwa held a meeting with Qatar's Deputy Prime Minister and other top officials in Qatar. The leaders discussed issues of mutual interest, defence and security cooperation and regional politics. The leaders also pledged to work together on enhancing their bilateral relationship and encouraging cooperation between the countries. On 5 July, General Bajwa also held a meeting with Turkish Land Forces General Umit Dundar at General Headquarters in Pakistan. The two leaders discussed matters of defence and agreed to strengthen military ties.
Central Asia, Middle East and Africa This Week
Armenia: Prime Minister discusses Nagorno-Karabakh with Putin
On 7 July, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan held a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow. At the meeting, the two leaders discussed the situation in the Nagorno-Karabakh region. Pashinyan said: "The presence of Russian peacekeepers in Nagorno-Karabakh is becoming an important factor of stability and security in the region." They also stressed refocusing on bilateral trade relations as the economic exchanges between the two countries fell in 2020 due to the pandemic.
Saudi Arabia: Difference with the UAE on oil production leads to volatile prices
On 5 July, the OPEC meeting was cancelled due to disagreements on extending the production of oil between the UAE and Saudi Arabia. The meeting is yet to be rescheduled as the UAE refuses to accept the Saudi initiated boost of oil production to almost two million barrels per day between August and December 2021 and extending cuts until end of 2022. However, the UAE has refuted extending the cap on production as it attempts to break out of an economic slowdown caused by the pandemic. The difference in opinion has led to the volatility of oil prices.
Israel: Water-sharing deal with Jordan
On 8 July, Israeli Foreign Minister Yair Lapid and Jordanian Foreign Minister Ayman Safadi consented to a water-sharing deal according to which Jordan would buy 50 million cubic meters of water from Israel. Jordan will also increase its exports to West Bank from USD 160 million to USD 700 million annually. Safadi also urged Israel to cease all illegal operations in Palestinian areas and pushed for a two-state solution. Yair Lapid tweeted regarding the deal and said: "Jordan is a neighbour and important partner...the foreign ministry will continue an ongoing dialogue."
Iraq: Protests continue over power outages
On 9 July, hundreds of protestors expressed dissent against continuous power cuts as temperatures rise incessantly in the country. Several protests took place at different towns in southern Iraq and a government-run power-plant. In the city of Basra, protestors have been on the streets for over a week, pressuring the government to act on the extensive shortage of electricity.
South Sudan: Youngest country celebrates ten years of independence
On 9 July, South Sudan celebrated a decade of independence. President Salva Kiir and former Vice President Riek Machar made reassuring speeches on the occasion of the celebration. Kiir said: "I assure you that I will not return you back to war again. Let us all work together to put our country back to the path of development in this new decade." Machar also made a statement and said: "Our people expect a lot from us. The world is also expecting a lot from us; for us to continue independence celebrations every time, we need to keep the peace alive." On the same day, Pope Francis also urged that the country must work ardently to preserve peace and promised to visit the country.
Ethiopia: Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's landslide victory in the parliamentary elections
On 10 July, the election board of Ethiopia announced that Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's Prosperity Party won the majority in the parliamentary elections. With this election victory, Abiy has secured another term in office. He secured 410 seats out of the total 436 parliamentary seats. However, three regions in the country did not participate in the voting process due to a boycott by the opposition, the war in Tigray, ethnic violence and certain logistical drawbacks
GERD: UN Security Council calls Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan to resume negotiations
On 8 July, the United Nations Security Council extended support for the African Union's mediation efforts on the dispute over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and urged Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan to resume negotiations. The US ambassador to the UN said: "A balanced and equitable solution to the filling and operation of the GERD can be reached with political commitment from all parties. This begins with the resumption of productive substantive negotiations. Those negotiations should be held under the leadership of the African Union, and should recommence with urgency." The Foreign Ministers of Egypt and Sudan pushed for the adoption of the resolution drafted by Tunisia which calls for a binding agreement between the involved countries for a period of six months.
Sahel: French President announces troops withdrawal from the region
On 9 July, French President Emmanuel Macron announced the downsizing of French troops in the Sahel region after a meeting with the G5 members including Niger, Mali, Chad, Burkina Faso and Mauritania. Macron said: "We will remain committed. But to remain committed is also to adapt. France doesn't have the vocation or the will to stay eternally in the Sahel." He also emphasized that France would continue its fight against terrorist outfits such as ISIS and al-Qaeda but would reduce its troops to 2500 to 3000.
Europe and The Americas This Week
Russia: Foreign Minister announces readiness in activating military base in Tajikistan
On 7 July, a top Russian diplomat announced that Russia would send approximately 6000 troops and over a thousand tanks to its military base in Tajikistan. The diplomat explained that Russia was prepared to activate its base in Tajikistan as the Taliban in Afghanistan continued capturing regions near the Afghan-Tajik border. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said: "We'll do everything, including using the capabilities of the Russian military base on the border of Tajikistan with Afghanistan, to prevent any aggressive encroachments against our allies."
Hungary: Government bans LGBTQ content from schools and television
On 8 July, a ban on LGBTQ content in schools and television took effect in Hungary. The new law has brought intense criticism within the country and the regional bloc as well. A member of the Budapest Pride said: "The clear effect of Viktor Orban's very, very homophobic and autocratic politics is that year by year, we find it harder and harder to find venues. A lot of venues are afraid to host LGBTQ events because they fear that they are going to be attacked in the propaganda media." Since the ban came into effect, Hungarians are protesting against the discriminatory ban and caution the government against the harm it will cause to the younger generation.
Europe: UK and EU differ over the Brexit settlement
On 9 July, the UK government responded to the EU's assessment that Britain would owe the regional bloc a total of EUR 47.5 billion as a part of the Brexit settlement. Prime Minister Boris Johnson said: "We don't recognize that figure. The UK's estimate remains in the central range of EUR 35 to 39 billion." The assessment was published in a budget document and accounts for Britain's commitments that continue to benefit the country and other incomplete obligations. An EU spokesperson revealed that the estimated amount of EUR 47.5 billion was considered to be final.
Colombia: International human rights body accuses the government of rights violation
On 7 July, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) released a report that held the Colombian government responsible for the abuse of human rights and the deaths of dozens of citizens. According to the report, the government forces and the police used excessive force against the protestors causing numerous fatalities in the past two months of protests. The report adds to the criticism piled against President Ivan Duque who also faces multiple accusations of corruption and a heavy crackdown on dissent. Duque responded to the report and said: "nobody can recommend a country to be tolerant with criminal acts."
Brazil: President Bolsonaro pushes for modernization in Mercosur
On 8 July, President Jair Bolsonaro reported that Brazil was desperate for results and hoped to launch a negotiation to conclude incomplete trade deals. Brazil also assumed the temporary presidency of Mercosur, the South-American trade bloc. President Bolsonaro promised to actively work towards the reduction of trade tariffs and eliminate obstacles to free flow of trade within the region and in the world. He said: "We cannot allow Mercosur to continue to be seen as a synonym of inefficiency, waste of opportunities and trade restrictions."
The US: President Joe Biden pledges to take action against Russian cyber-attacks
On 9 July, the US stated that it would take all necessary steps to end the increase in cyber-attacks from Russia. The statement was made by President Joe Biden while he discussed the threat with President Vladimir Putin via phone call on the same day. However, Russia denied having a conversation regarding the issue. President Biden said: "I made it very clear to him that the United States expects when a ransomware operation is coming from his soil, even though it's not sponsored by the state, we expect them to act if we give them enough information to act on who that is."
The US: Pro-slavery Confederate General's statue removed from the base
On 10 July, the statue of Confederate General Robert E. Lee was taken down from Charlottesville in Virginia. The move took place four years after white supremacist protests led to the death of a woman. Along with General Robert Lee, the statue of Confederate General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson was also taken down while the people cheered the gesture. On 29 June, the House of Representatives passed legislation to enable the removal of statues of individuals with a legacy of supporting slavery. The removal of pro-slavery Confederate Generals' statues is now becoming a key focus of the anti-racist movements across the US as well as the world
About the Authors
Joeana Cera Matthews is a research intern in the School of Conflict and Security Studies at the National Institute of Advanced Studies. Sukanya Bali and Avishka Ashok are Research Associates at NIAS.
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Swati Sood
R Preetha
GP Team
Brighty Ann Sarah
Merin Treesa Alex
Kasvi Batra
Chittrothu Vaihali
M Kejia
IPRI Team
Astha Panda
Emma Rose Boby
Fleur Elizabeth Philip
Merin Treesa Alex
Santhiya M
GP Team
Ananya Dinesh
Farhaz Rashid Ahmed
Farhaz Rashid Ahmed
Gauri Gupta
Aparna A Nair
GP Team
Brighty Ann Sarah, R Preetha, Santhiya M, Aparna A Nair & M Kejia
IPRI Team
Kumari Gargi, Naomi Miriam Matthew, & Fleur Elizabeth Philip
Rizwana Banu S
Rizwana Banu S and Santhiya M
Lekshmi MK
Gauri Gupta
J Yamini
Santhiya M
Lekshmi MK
GP Team
R Preetha
Gauri Gupta
Ananya Dinesh
IPRI Team
Santhiya M
Merin Treesa Alex
GP Team
Emma Rose Boby
M Kejia
Lekshmi MK
Santhiya M
R Preetha
Lekshmi MK
Gauri Gupta
Merin Treesa Alex
Aparna A Nair
Fleur Elizabeth Philip
Fleur Elizabeth Philip
GP Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Brighty Ann Sarah
Aashish Ganeshan
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
Femy Francis
Padmashree Anandhan
Aashish Ganeshan
Gauri Gupta
GP Team
Brighty Ann Sarah and R Preetha
Anu Maria Joseph
Padmashree Anandhan
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
Fleur Elizabeth Philip
Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi
R Preetha and Brighty Ann Sarah
R Preetha
Nuha Aamina
GP Team
Abhishiktha S Kumar
Emma Rose Boby
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Anu Maria Joseph
C Shraddha
Femy Francis
C Shraddha
Esther Gamako Zugwai
Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Nova Karun K
Nuha Aamina
IPRI Team
Suchitra Jakkala
Padmashree Anandhan
Santhiya M
Brighty Ann Sarah
C Shraddha
GP Team
Vaneeta
Vaneeta
D Suba Chandran
IPRI Team
C Shraddha
D Suba Chandran
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
GP Team
Nuha Aamina
D Suba Chandran
IPRI Team
Rohini Reenum
Rohini Reenum
South Asia Brief Team
Souparno Rakshit, Emma Rose Boby and Souparnika Suresh
GP Team
South Asia Brief Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Trisha Roy
IPRI Team
Ayan Datta
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
Anu Maria Joseph
South Asia Brief Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
Samruddhi Pathak
Sayeka Ghosh
Neha Tresa George
IPRI Team
Kumari Krishna
C Shraddha
Kumari Krishna
Vaneeta
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Vaneeta
Ayan Datta
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
GP Team
Nupur Priya
IPRI Team
Ayan Datta
C Shraddha, Vaishak Sreekumar, Kumari Krishna, Nova Karun K
IPRI Team
GP Team
PR Team
IPRI Team
Nupur Priya
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Prajwal TV
Kavithasri M
IPRI Team
Ashna Pathak & Surangana Rajya Laxmi Rana
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
Samruddhi Pathak
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
GP Team
Nuha Aamina
Rohini Reenum
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Ayan Datta
S Shaji
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
Advik S Mohan
GP Team
Advik S Mohan
Advik S Mohan
IPRI Team
Rohit Paswan
Padmashree Anandhan
Ayan Datta
Shreya Jagadeesan
Bishwarupa Kar
Saritha VK & Mahesh Mohan
Sruthy
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Advik S Mohan
GP Team
Advik S Mohan
Neha Tresa George
IPRI Team
Samruddhi Pathak
Neha Tresa George
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Ayan Datta
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Sayeka Ghosh
GP Team
Neha Tresa George
Advik S Mohan
Samruddhi Pathak
Padmashree Anandhan
Ramya B
Sim V
Pummy Lathigara
Ronakk Tijoriwala
Arya Madhavan S
Ankita Chakra
Rianne Rajath P
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
Anu Maria Joseph
Vetriselvi Baskaran
GP Team
Swagathi Annabel
Bishwarupa Kar
Prajwal T V
Ayush Bhattacharjee
Shifa Moideen
IPRI Team
Vetriselvi Baskaran
L S Hareesh
Mugdha Chaturvedi
Ken B Varghese
Ayan Datta
Vaneeta
Pummy Lathigara
Ms Ramya
Nivetha B
Leivon Victor Lamkang
Siddhima M
Pranesh Selvaraj
Dhriti Mukherjee
GP Team
Nandini Khandelwal
Prajwal T V
Ramya B
Ronakk Tijoriwala
Govind Anoop
Shreya Jagadeesan
Rohit Paswan
Nupur Priya
Neha Tresa George
Shilpa Joseph
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Vetriselvi Baskaran
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
Dhriti Mukherjee
Rohini Reenum
GP Team
Shilpa Jospeh
Samruddhi Pathak
Sayeka Ghosh
Govind Anoop
Ayan Datta
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Neha Tresa George
Padmashree Anandhan
Diya Madhavan
GP Team
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Vaneeta
Dhriti Mukherjee
Ashwini Barla
Ayan Datta
Karthik Manoharan
Ramya B
Prajwal T V
IPRI Team
GP Team
Vaneeta
Sayeka Ghosh
Ayan Datta
Karthik Manoharan
Prajwal TV
Mayank Bharti
Ronakk Tijoriwala
Deepika Seervi
Ayan Datta & Sayeka Ghosh
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Anu Maria Joseph
Jerry Franklin A
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
Prajwal T V
Rohini Reenum
GP Team
IPRI Team
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Dhriti Mukherjee
IPRI Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Padmashree Anandhan
Ronakk Tijoriwala
Neha Tresa George
Shilpa Joseph and Ken Varghese
IPRI Team
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
Torunika Roy
GP Team
LS Hareesh
IPRI Team
Femy Francis
Dhriti Mukherjee
IPRI Team
Mugdha Chaturvedi
Dhriti Mukherjee
By young scholars of NIAS Course on Global Politics: Contemporary World Order and Theories. Compiled by Sayeka Ghosh.
Akhil Ajith
By the NIAS-IPRI Course scholars on Contemporary Conflicts, Peace Processes, Theories and Thinkers. Compiled by Ayan Datta.
Vaneeta
Kavithasri M
Mallika Joseph
Rohini Reenum
Padmashree Anandhan
Tiara Marie Warjri
GP Team
Akhil Ajith
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Akhil Ajith
Akhil Ajith
Dhriti Mukherjee
IPRI Team
D Suba Chandran
Padmashree Anandhan
Femy Francis
Akhil Ajith
Dhriti Mukherjee
Rohini Reenum
GP Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
D Suba Chandran
Rohini Reenum
Dhriti Mukherjee
NIAS South Asia Team
NIAS South Asia Team
Devi Chandana M
Alka Bala
D Suba Chandran
Rohini Reenum
Dhriti Mukherjee
Rohini Reenum
Dhriti Mukherjee
GP Team
IPRI Team
Lakshmi Karlekar
GP Team
Sayeka Ghosh
IPRI Team
Karthik Manoharan
Nupur Priya
GP Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
Vaneeta
Arya Prasad
Sayeka Ghosh
Ramya B
Alka Bala
GP Team
Diya Madhavan
IPRI Team
GP Team
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
Ramya B
NIAS South Asia Team
Devi Chandana M
Padmashree Anandhan
Rosemary Kurian
Alka Bala
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
T C A Raghavan
IPRI Team
Karthik Manoharan
Rosemary Kurian
NIAS Africa Team
Manasa G
GP Team
IPRI Team
D Rohan Kumar
Sivasubramanian K
LS Hareesh
Ramya B
GP Team
NIAS South Asia Team
NIAS South Asia Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
Asanga Abeyagoonasekera
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS South Asia Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
NIAS Latin America Team
NIAS South Asia Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Jerry Franklin A
GP Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree Anandhan, Femy Francis, Rohini Reenum, Akriti Sharma, Akhil Ajith, Shamini Velayutham and Anu Maria Joseph
Alka Bala
IPRI Team
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Narmatha S and Anu Maria Jospeh
Alka Bala
Rosemary Kurian
IPRI Team
CEAP Team
GP Team
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
CEAP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Anu Maria Joseph
GP team
Hoimi Mukherjee
Richa Chandola
Aprajita Kashyap
Shreya Pandey
Binod Khanal
Rishika Yadav
Padmashree Anandhan
Anu Maria Joseph
Nuha Aamina
Alka Bala
Sayani Rana
Ashok Alex Luke
Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri
Femy Francis
Amit Gupta
Kuri Sravan Kumar
Yogeshwari S
Abhishek Ranjan
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Nithyashree RB
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
Jerry Franklin A
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
PR Team
Amit Gupta
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Sneha Surendran
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Akhil Ajith
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Prerana P
CR Team
NIAS Africa Team
Nithyashree RB
Jerry Franklin
GP Team
IPRI Team
PR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Nithyashree RB
PR Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
Rishika Yadav
Sreeja JS
Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri
Yogeswari S
GP Team
IPRI Team
PR Team
PR Team
Prof Joyati Bhattacharya
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Jerry Franklin A
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
PR Team
Femy Francis
Shamini Velayutham
Dhriti Mukherjee
Ankit Singh
Sneha Surendran
PR Team
PR Team
PR Team
PR Team
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Feben Itty
Genesy B
Sreeja JS
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Sneha Surendran
Heribert Dieter
IPRI Team
Nithyashree RB
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Sneha Surendran
Rishika Yadav
Padmashree Anandhan
NIAS Africa Team
Jerry Franklin A
Sneha Surendran
Nithyashree RB
Rishika Yadav
GP Team
IPRI Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Jerry Franklin A
NIAS Africa Team
Lakshmi Parimala H
GP Team
Rishika Yadav
IPRI Team
D Suba Chandran
GP Team
Indrani Talukdar
IPRI Team
S Shaji
Jerry Franklin A
Sneha Surendran
NIAS Africa Team
Himani Pant
Ankita Dutta
D. Suba Chandran
Ankit Singh
Sneha Surendran
IPRI Team
Rubina Pradhan
Medini Hegde
Ramya Balasubramanian
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Nithyashree RB
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Devjyoti Saha
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Jerry Franklin A
Anu Maria Joseph
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Lakshmi Parimala
GP Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Sneha Surendran
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
IPRI Team
Rishika Yadav, Sneha Surendran, Sandra D Costa, Ryan Marcus, Prerana P and Nithyashree RB
GP Team
Harini Madhusudan, Rishika Yada, Sneha Surendran, Prerana P, Sreeja JS and Padmashree Anandhan
GP Team
IPRI Team
Bibhu Prasad Routray
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Jerry Franklin
GP Team
IPRI Team
Bibhu Prasad Routray
NIAS Africa Team
Jerry Franklin
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Jerry Franklin
Anu Maria Joseph
Akshaya S
GP Team
Rishika Yadav, Sreeja JS, Nithyashree RB, and Melvin George
Nithyashree RB
Sreeja JS
Rishika Yadav
Rishika Yadav and Nityashree RB
Padmashree Anandhan
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Devjyoti Saha
Indrani Talukdar
Debangana Chatterjee
Kasturi Chatterjee
Ankita Dutta
Amrita Purkayastha
GP Team
Lakshmi Parimala H
Amit Gupta
GP Team
GP Team
Rishika Yadav
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
Padmashree Anandhan
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Himani Pant
Sourina Bej
IPRI Team
GP Team
Indrani Talukdar
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
D Suba Chandran
D Suba Chandran
Bhoomika Sesharaj
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
D Suba Chandran
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
Avishka Ashok
Madhura Mahesh
Padmashree Anandhan
Ankit Singh
Riya Itisha Ekka
Apoorva Sudhakar
Sayani Rana
Anu Maria Joseph
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Sethuraman Nadarajan
Avishka Ashok
IPRI Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Allen Joe Mathew, Sayani Rana, Joel Jacob
Sethuraman Nadarajan
Ankit Singh
Bhoomika Sesharaj
Madhura Mahesh
Harini Madhusudan
Avishka Ashok
Akriti Sharma
Padmashree Anandhan
Poulomi Mondal
Mohaimeen Khan
Padmashree Anandhan
Madhura Mahesh
Padmashree Anandhan
Janardhan G
Sapna Elsa Abraham
Avishka Ashok
Anu Maria Joseph
Apoorva Sudhakar
Rashmi BR
Kaviyadharshini A
Avishka Ashok
Chrishari de Alwis Gunasekare
Aparupa Bhattacherjee
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Vignesh Ram
Vignesh Ram
Sai Pranav
Harini Madhusudan, Rishma Banerjee, Padmashree Anandhan, Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan, and Avishka Ashok
Sourina Bej
Padmashree Anandhan and Rishma Banerjee
Mathew Sonu Simon
Sourina Bej
Rashmi BR and Akriti Sharma
Rashmi Ramesh
Rishma Banerjee
Sai Pranav
Padmashree Anandhan
Emmanuel Selva Royan
Padmashree Anandhan
Rishma Banerjee
Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
Avishka Ashok
Angelin Archana
Shreya Upadhyay
Uma Purushothaman
Debangana Chatterjee
Himani Pant
Sethuraman Nadarajan
Avishka Ashok
GP Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Sourina Bej
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
Devjyoti Saha
Dr Beena
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Sourina Bej
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
STIR Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
NIAS Africa Team
Avishka Ashok
NIAS Africa Team
STIR Team
STIR Team
STIR Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Emmanuel Selva Royan
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Rishma Banerjee
Rashmi Ramesh
Sourina Bej
S Shaji
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
NIAS Africa Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Naina Singh
GP Team
Amit Gupta
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
STIR Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan
Joeana Cera Matthews
Avishka Ashok
Nireekshan Bollimpalli
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
PR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Joeana Cera Matthews
Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan
IPRI Team
STIR Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Porkkodi Ganeshpandian and Angkuran Dey
Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan
Mohamad Aseel Ummer
IPRI Team
STIR Team
Shalini Balaiah
Angelin Archana
Prakash Panneerselvam
N Jayaram
S Shaji
GP Team
Amit Gupta
IPRI Team
GP Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Joeana Cera Matthews
Padmashree Anandhan
Harini Madhusudan
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Sneha M
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
STIR Team
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
D. Suba Chandran
Ankit Singh
Ankit Singh
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Sneha M
D. Suba Chandran
Ankit Singh
D. Suba Chandran
Sneha M
Ankit Singh
Apoorva Sudhakar
Ankit Singh
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Sneha M
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Harshita Rathore
GP Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Ankit Singh
Ankit Singh
Sneha M
Vishnu Prasad
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Ankit Singh
Apoorva Sudhakar
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Ankit Singh
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Vaishnavi Iyer
Joeana Cera Matthews
Sneha M
D. Suba Chandran
Ankit Singh
Apoorva Sudhakar
Ankit Singh
STIR Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Joeana Cera Matthews
Joeana Cera Matthews
Harini Madhusudhan
Sourina Bej
IPRI Team
Sneha M
D. Suba Chandran
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Apoorva Sudhakar
D. Suba Chandran
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Apoorva Sudhakar
Sneha M
D. Suba Chandran
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
D. Suba Chandran
Ankit Singh
Apoorva Sudhakar
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
D. Suba Chandran
D. Suba Chandran
Chetna Vinay Bhora
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Aswathy Koonampilly
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
Sourina Bej
Harini Madhusudan
Apoorva Sudhakar
Vineeth Daniel Vinoy
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Juan Mary Joseph
Joeana Cera Matthews
Joeana Cera Matthews
Sukanya Bali
Joeana Cera Matthews
Lokendra Sharma
IPRI Team
Bhuvan Ningania
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
STIR Team
Lokendra Sharma
GP Team
IPRI Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Anu Maria Joseph
Dincy Adlakha
Sarthak Jain
GP Team
Jeshil J Samuel
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Keerthana Rajesh Nambiar
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Anu Maria Joseph
Sankalp Gurjar
Apoorva Sudhakar
Lokendra Sharma
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Mohamad Aseel Ummer
Dincy Adlakha
Dincy Adlakha
Joeana Cera Matthews
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
SDP Scholar
GP Team
IPRI Team
Gurpreet Singh
Chetna Vinay Bhora
Anju Joseph
GP Team
IPRI Team
SDP Scholars
GP Team
Sarthak Jain
Sourina Bej
Vibha Venugopal
Dincy Adlakha
Udbhav Krishna P
Joeana Cera Matthews
Keerthana Rajesh Nambiar
Julia Mathew
Dhanushaa P
GP Team
IPRI Team
SDP Scholars
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Rashmi BR
Lokendra Sharma
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
V S Ramamurthy and Dinesh K Srivastava
Lokendra Sharma
GP Team
Harini Madhusudan
Apoorva Sudhakar
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Akriti Sharma
Avishka Ashok
Apoorva Sudhakar
Sukanya Bali
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Avishka Ashok
Harini Madhusudan
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Sukanya Bali
Aparupa Bhattacherjee
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Apoorva Sudhakar
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
N Manoharan and Drorima Chatterjee
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
D Suba Chandran
GP Team
D Suba Chandran
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Aparupa Bhattacherjee
Mallika Devi
Harini Madhusudan
Kamna Tiwary
Apoorva Sudhakar
Teshu Singh
Sourina Bej
Rashmi Ramesh
Aparaajita Pandey
Teiborlang T Kharsyntiew
Sandip Kumar Mishra
Sourina Bej
Harini Madhusudan
Gunjan Singh
Sukanya Bali
Sumedha Chatterjee
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Rashmi Ramesh
IPRI Team
GP Team
Harini Madhusudan
IPRI Team
Harini Madhusudan
GP Team
IPRI Team
Sukanya Bali
GP Team
Savithri Sellapperumage
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Harini Madhusudan
Rashmi Ramesh
Mallika Devi
IPRI Team
Srikumar Pullat
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Harini Madhusudan
Lokendra Sharma
GP Team
Nancy Pathak
Shreya Sinha
Kamna Tiwary
Tamanna Khosla
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Vaishali Handique
Sneha Tadkal
Unnikrishnan M J
Rashmi Ramesh
A Padmashree
Oviya A J
Harini Sha P
Chavindi Weerawansha
Arjun C
Anju Annie Mammen
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Sourina Bej
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GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
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GP Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree A
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GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
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N Manoharan
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Fatemah Ghafori
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Roshni Sharma
Rashmi Ramesh
Dhruv Ashok
Prathiksha Ravi
Aswathy K
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GP Team
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GP Team
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GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
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GP Team
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GP Team
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Sourina Bej
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Sourina Bej
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Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Mahath Mangal
Mahath Mangal
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Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Mahath Mangal
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GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
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GP Team
GP Team
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Sourina Bej
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GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
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GP Team
Sourina Bej
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Harini Madhusudan
Ryan Mitra
Sourina Bej
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Divyabharathi E
Lakshmi V Menon
Nasima Khatoon
Harini Madhusudhan
Aparupa Bhattacherjee
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Young Scholars Debate
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Oishee Majumdar
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Rahul Arockiaraj
Divyabharathi E
Apoorva Sudhakar
Divyabharathi E
Oishee Majumdar
D. Suba Chandran
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Gayan Gowramma KC
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Siddhatti Mehta
Miti Shah
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Apoorva Sudhakar
Hely Desai
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Divyabharathi E
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Druta Bhatt
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Miti Shah
Divyabharathi E
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Hely Desai
Apoorva Sudhakar
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Samreen Wani
Divyabharathi E
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Shalini E
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Apoorva Sudhakar
Ann Maria Shibu
Divyabharathi E
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