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Pacific leaders endorse regional policing initiative Pacific Policing Initiative (PPI), reports ABC

 Australia and The Pacific Reader | 29 August 2024, Thursday | Vol.1 No. 160
US claims increased efforts in Pacific, says US Deputy Secretary of State
On 29 August, RNZ reported that the United States Deputy Secretary of State, Kurt Campbell had stated the U.S. Government was stepping up initiatives in the Pacific Islands. While attending the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) Leaders’ Meeting, Campbell informed that the U.S. Government had “listened carefully” to the PIF and to individual nations, and was trying to base its initiatives in the region based on their inputs. Campbell stated that the US was rolling out initiatives on various topics like climate change resilience, illegal fishing, and education; all of which was “informed by consultations.” According to Campbell, the US had contributed 25 million USD to the Pacific Resilience Facility and was seeking to partner with both traditional and new partner nations. He added that the US was trying to foster institutionalism in the Pacific, by providing resources towards making the PIF stronger. Campbell stated that the US would welcome support from any country committed to improving the living standards and well-being of the Pacific people, including China. However, Campbell also stressed that the US remained committed to human rights issues and the role of democracy, and expressed concern over China’s “power projection” and support for undemocratic forces. ( Lydia Lewis, “ ’Our step up in the Pacific has been substantial’- United States,” RNZ, 29 August 2024)

 Australia and The Pacific Reader | 28 August 2024, Wednesday | Vol.1 No. 159
Pacific leaders endorse regional policing initiative Pacific Policing Initiative (PPI), reports ABC News
On 28 August, an editorial in ABC News titled “Pacific Islands leaders endorse regional policing initiative in strategic victory for Australia,” focused on Australia’s strategic victory in the Pacific after getting endorsed with USD 400 million for new initiatives, aiming to reshape policing across the region. The federal government has supported the Pacific Policing Initiative (PPI), a major new police training facility in Brisbane and established the Pacific Police Support Group to be deployed to Pacific nations to assist during natural disasters or other emergencies, it will also have four Centres of Excellence to bolster special capabilities for regional policing. Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said: “We will provide substantial long-term support to ensure that this initiative succeeds and delivers on the aspirations for our region and include financial support for establishment and infrastructure costs as well.” Also, Vanuatu Prime Minister Charlot Salwai stated that the PPI is framed to fit the purposes and not to develop geostrategic interests, but Mr Albanese countered Charlot's statement by saying, that all Pacific countries supported the idea unanimously during the plenary session in Tonga, including Vanuatu. Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea James Marape said: “Vanuatu didn't raise any concerns about the initiative during the leaders' plenary meeting.” Furthermore, Several Pacific nations have been stressed with more complex crimes, like international drug smuggling which is involved in trafficking methamphetamines to Australia. (“Pacific Islands leaders endorse regional policing initiative in strategic victory for Australia,” ABC News, 28 August 2024)
 
Australia and The Pacific Reader | 27 August 2024, Tuesday | Vol.1 No. 158
Australians have the right to disconnect after work, reports BBC
On 26 August, BBC reported on Australia passing the right to disconnect after work legislation. The rule provides relief to people who are forced to take calls or read messages from employers after their daily work. A survey published estimated that Australians worked on average 281 hours of unpaid overtime annually similar to 20 countries, mainly in Europe and Latin America. Under this rule, employers and employees should resolve disputes among themselves, if they are unsuccessful Australia's Fair Work Commission (FWC) can order the employer to stop contacting the employee after hours. If the FWC orders fail to comply, a fine can be drawn up to USD 12,897. The Australian Council of Trade Unions stated that it will empower workers to refuse unreasonable out-of-hours and enable work-life balance. The Swinburne University of Technology said: “Any organization that has staff who have better rest and who have better work-life balance are going to have staff who are less likely to have sick days, less likely to leave the organization.” Additionally, a financial industry worker stated that it was a good idea and hoped it caught the industry principles and said: “We're well paid, we're expected to deliver, and we feel we have to deliver 24 hours a day.” (“Australians get 'right to disconnect' after hours,” BBC, 27 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 26 August 2024, Monday | Vol.1 No. 157
Pacific Island Forum meeting to be held in Tonga, reports ABC News
On 25 August, ABC News reported that the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) leaders meeting to be held on the island of Vava’u in Tonga would involve discussion of several key topics on the agenda. One key topic is the issue of bringing peace to the French Pacific territory of New Caledonia, which witnessed unrest earlier this year. Although there have been calls for PIF leaders to use the opportunity to chart a path towards decolonization of New Caledonia, some leaders fear that might escalate the situation. A lasting decision on New Caledonia might also be reached only after the Pacific leaders visit the territory, with disputes between the Government of France and the local government in New Caledonia having delayed the mission. Climate change is a pressing concern for the Pacific nations, and Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN), Antonio Guterres who will be present at the meeting; is expected to put pressure on wealthy countries like Australia to provide more finances to deal with the crisis. The setting up of the Pacific Resilience Facility (PRF) to provide quick climate finance for poorer countries and a proposed “two-tier structure” for Dialogue Partners is expected to be discussed as well. It is also deemed likely that the Pacific Policing Initiative (PPI) proposed by the Government of Australia to improve policing in the Pacific region to combat threats like drug trafficking and illegal fishing; while simultaneously ensuring China is kept out of policing initiatives; will be agreed upon. Meanwhile, the Pacific region is also becoming an area of strategic interest for big powers like China, Australia, and the US. In order to maintain non-aggression in the region, the Prime Minister of Fiji, Sitiveni Rabuka proposed creating an “Ocean of Peace” although it was supported by China. ( Stephen Dziedzic and Marian Kupu,“ In Tonga’s sprawling archipelago, a meeting of Pacific leaders could reshape the region8,” ABC News, 25 August 2024) 

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 24 August 2024, Saturday | Vol.1 No. 156
New Zealand Foreign Minister accuses West of neglecting Pacific, reports ABC News
On 23 August, ABC News reported that the Minister of Foreign Affairs of New Zealand, Winston Peters had stated that the failure of Western nations to value the Pacific region had allowed other countries to gain influence there. According to Peters, countries like the United States and New Zealand had failed to understand the Pacific region's geopolitical significance, creating a “vacuum” in the region. Peters also criticized the advent of “checkbook diplomacy” which has left Pacific nations in debt, stating that New Zealand would have to deal with that issue. Peters also reiterated the New Zealand government’s support for Pacific Island Nations to make their own decisions, and be independent of external influence. The remarks by the Foreign Minister come before the Pacific Islands Forum Leaders Meeting next week, with New Zealand making an attempt to maintain a connection in the region. There have been fears that the Pacific nations are drawing closer to China, although Peters expressed hope that the region’s “DNA connection” would ensure they remain together. However, he also urged major economies to remain engaged in the region and criticized the perceived “Euro-centrism” displayed by countries like France and the US. ( Charlotte Graham-McLay, “ New Zealand official says Western neglect of Pacific Islands let other nations boost their influence,” ABC News, 23 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 23 August 2024, Friday | Vol.1 No. 155
Kiribati MP supports diplomatic switch from Taiwan to China, reports RNZ
On 23 August, RNZ reported on the incumbent government's decision to re-establish bilateral relations with China. The newly elected MP Kwan Sing stated that re-establishing bilateral relations with China at Taiwan's expense so far has proved to be beneficial. Kwan Sing, who contested for a seat in Teinainano Urban Council (South Tarawa), was one of three successful candidates in the largest constituency, she stated that there was a lot of uncertainty and concern in the community when Taneti Mamau's government cut ties with Taipei in favour of Beijing, but she said: “they seem to have done so with the best interests of the country at heart, and so here we are, four years later, and I think the friendship between China and Kiribati has deepened, and it has reignited more interest in the Pacific region, which is also seems to be a positive outcome.” Additionally, the MP stated the Kiribati people have now accepted the switch and discussing how best to leverage support from China and other donor partners. She said: “In Kiribati, like most countries, we are just concerned about the things that we need and the support that we need. I find it interesting that China does come under the radar as much as it does, because we have got in country presence from a few countries, and China being one of them, having been a decision of the previous government to decide that this was an important relationship to explore. We certainly did not understand the geopolitical implications of it, but we did understand that the government of the day were doing what they thought had the best interest of the country at heart. I think [the government] protected the interests of the country while reaching out for the support that the country needs.” (“Diplomatic switch from Taiwan to China 'a positive outcome’, first-time Kiribati MP says,” RNZ, 23 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 22 August 2024, Thursday | Vol.1 No. 154
France to administer the New Caledonia says French diplomat, reports RNZ
On 22 August, RNZ reported on the French Ambassador to the Pacific, reminding her people that France is the administering power and in control of New Caledonia. The Congress of New Caledonia President, Roch Wamytan said: “Paris must understand once and for all, that New Caledonia is not France and that the territory is in a process of decolonisation that the French State must bring to its conclusion,” but the French ambassador stated that France recognises the decolonisation process and is engaged with it until the process is achieved. Additionally, the ambassador said: “Paris has a totally impartial stance, because it implements all the principles of the United Nations of free, fair, transparent democratic processes.” She also further stated that free, fair and transparent democratic processes, were agreed by everyone, including the signature of Mr Roch Wamytan in the Noumea agreement. Furthermore, Roger-Lacan disagreed and said: “They make the democratic process unfair for indigenous people of Kanaky/New Caledonia, they maintained the third referendum while we were undisposed because of the loss of life and mourning.” The UN experts further added that they are alarmed by the situation of Kanak Indigenous Peoples in the Non-Self-Governing Territory of New Caledonia. (“New Caledonia is France': French diplomat says 'this is how it is' in tit-for-tat row,” RNZ, 22 August 2024)

Solomon Islands school riddled with 200 unexploded bombs from WWII, reports The Guardian
On 21 August, The Guardian reported that more than 200 rusted projectiles belonging to the US were found near a school staff member’s house and later removed. Inspector Clifford Tunuki stated that the weapons had been shipped away to a safe location and waiting for safe destruction now, he further said: “the removal came about when the school discovered the stockpile of US projectiles in front of a staff house when they dug a hole for sewage.” Additionally, the disturbing legacy in the Pacific region from the Second World War was by bombing the Pacific islands, including the Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea and Palau, many of which failed to explode. A similar incident happened in 2021 when a man who was digging a hole for a new septic system at his property in a residential area found more than 100 unexploded Second World War bomb. (“More than 200 unexploded second world war shells found near Solomon Islands school,” The Guardian, 22 August 2024)

Australian senate passed the bipartisan motion criticizes “One China” policy, reports ABC News
On 22 August, ABC News reported that Taiwan's embassy in Canberra praised Australia after the Senate passed a bipartisan motion, criticizing China's attempts to use a 50-year-old UN resolution to claim Taiwan as part of its territory. China's government tried to use UN Resolution 2758 consistently which recognises the People's Republic of China as the only representative of China to the UN, by advancing its claim that it has sovereignty over the self-ruled island of Taiwan. The Senate passed a motion moved by Liberal senator David Fawcett and the ALP's Deborah O'Neill which said: “UN Resolution 2758 does not establish the People's Republic of China's sovereignty over Taiwan and does not determine the future status of Taiwan in the UN.” Both senators travelled to Taiwan earlier this year for a conference organised by the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China, which condemned Beijing's use of Resolution 2758 pressing forward the One China Principle and claiming full sovereignty over Taiwan. A statement by the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office stated that the Australian parliament was the first to openly back the new IPAC initiative. Additionally, Dr Benjamin Herscovitch from the Australian National University said: “The coordinated international nature of this motion, the fact that it was led by a bipartisan pair of parliamentarians rather than the Albanese government, and China's desire to have relatively stable ties with Australia will moderate Beijing's reaction.” (”Australia backs Taiwan in Senate motion likely to infuriate China,” ABC News, 22 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 21 August 2024, Wednesday | Vol.1 No. 153
Australia and Indonesia to finalise a defence pact, reports Aljazeera
On 20 August, Aljazeera reported on the new defence pact between Australia and Indonesia, this pact might include joint military drills and greater maritime cooperation in the contentious South China Sea region. Prime Minister of Australia Anthony Albanese and Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto stated that the pact would be beneficial to both countries in the future. Australian Defence Minister Marles stated the defence pact is most significant for both countries for working closer than before, he further said: “What this agreement will do is provide for much greater interoperability between our defence forces, it will provide for much more exercises between our defence forces, it will see us working together the global commons to support the rules-based order and, importantly, it will allow us to operate from each other’s countries.” Additionally, the current Defence Minister of Indonesia Prabowo was asked by the Australian director at Human Rights to work on Indonesia’s human rights record, including religious freedom and LGBTQ rights. (“Indonesia and Australia finalise ‘significant’ defence pact,” Aljazeera, 21 August 2024)

Kiribati elections, five female MPs elected, reports RNZ
On 21 August, RNZ reported on five female MPs being elected into the Kiribati parliament. There are 17 first-time and 27 returning MPs in the cabinet. Manate is the youngest female MP to be elected into parliament, while Lavinia is the wife of a veteran MP Jacob from the Kiritimati Island constituency, becoming the first ever husband-and-wife duo to be elected into MP together. Three of the 14 MPs who have lost their seats were cabinet ministers in the last government. A local source in Tarawa said: “it is not easy to say who will form the government, it is pretty hard to predict since everything can change even if you have the majority,” further she stated majority of the people of Kiribati do not need a change and the same has reflected in the election results. An independent MP Kwansing said: “I just need to make sure that I'm in the right party because you're somewhat powerless if you're in the wrong party.” (“Kiribati elections results: a record 5 women elected into 45-seat parliament,” RNZ, 21 August 2024)
 
Australia and The Pacific Reader | 20 August 2024, Tuesday | Vol.1 No. 152
Fiji is facing a drug crisis, reports RNZ
On 20 August, RNZ reported on Fiji’s Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka pleading with the public to avoid drugs, after seeing a video of young naked women floated on social media begging for a hit circle. Recent headlines reported users with “blasting” or “bluetoothing” the highly addictive drug, commonly known as ‘ice.’ A resident named Navitalai Tamanitoakula, said: I can see that in the town, by looking at the people, especially the young people, when you look at their faces you can identify them, they're high,” you can always see them in the corner with a bottle of glue and breathing it. They ask for money.” Another resident stated that it's the responsibility of a parent to take care of their child and ensure they do not get involved in those things,” and also criticised the government for not having done anything on the serious issues. In contradiction, the Fijian police made a major drug bust, seizing almost five tonnes of methamphetamine and charging fourteen people, also the authorities have identified that international drug cartels are using Fiji as a transit point. The council's acting head, Josua Naisele, said: “the highest cases of HIV seem to be coming from people who are injecting themselves with drugs.” In addition, the Minister of Home Affairs Pio Tikoduadua told RNZ Pacific earlier this month that poverty was the main reason for the drug issue. Australia and New Zealand holiday-goers are key source markets, making over 70 per cent of total arrivals and considered as main economic activity region. (“The problem is the family': Fiji drug use crisis,” RNZ, 20 August 2024)

Kiribati voters wait for final results, reports RNZ
On 20 August, RNZ reported on Kiribati voters waiting for the final results of the elections.  Twenty-five of the 45 parliamentary seats were confirmed in the first round on 14 August 2024, securing more than a 50 per cent share of votes the remaining seats are set to be distributed among the highest polling candidates in each electorate. A resident in Tarawa, Tulua Tinau, said: “We can talk about the majority populations living on Tarawa and they are the ones that are going to give the final decision to which government is come back because they have the most population living on Tarawa and Betio.” In addition, Tinau stated that geopolitics dominated regional politics and domestic issues, such as government subsidies, he further said: “During this election, nobody has mentioned China. I do not see people talking about China during this election. I think China is trying to distance itself from the issues going around.” (Kiribati elections: Voters wait for final results, RNZ, 20 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 19 August 2024, Monday | Vol.1 No. 151
Kiribati goes for second round of polls
On 19 August, voters in Kiribati will cast their ballots for the second round of the nation's 2024 national elections. Polls opened at 7 am for almost fifty-three thousand eligible voters to elect 19 candidates followed by 25 Members of Parliament confirming their seats. The president and leader of the Tobwaan Kiribati Party (TKP) Taneti Maamau retained his seat at his home turf similar to the opposition leader. In addition, Broadcasting and Publications Authority editor Ueretan Bauro stated that the first-round winners would be declared if they received 50 per cent of the votes.  The Kiribati Newsroom moderator, Rimon Rimon said: “three out of the 25 MPs elected so far are women, Polling commenced early on election day, followed by a lengthy wait for results that stretched into the following two days. Announcements for 22 electorates were made by the first night and into the next day, with the final result from the largest electorate, South Tarawa, taking the longest to declare.17 are returning parliamentarians, including 11 other MPs from Maamau's TKP.” Furthermore, he stated that the TKP currently leads with twelve re-elected members and is too early to determine which party will secure a majority. The twelve electorates are waiting for the second round of elections depending on new MPs and their political commitments. (“Kiribati election: Voters head to second round of polling to determine who forms government,” RNZ, 19 August 2024)

New Caledonia’s Pacific mission deferred over difference with France, reports RNZ
On 19 August, RNZ reported on New Caledonian President Louis Mapou calling to postpone the Pacific leader mission due to the differences between Paris and the local government.  The much-anticipated high-level Pacific leader's mission to New Caledonia was given a positive sign when France's top diplomat in the region delivered a letter on behalf of President Emmanuel Macron to the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) chair and Secretary-General in Suva.  The Pacific mission includes PIF chair and Cook Islands Prime Minister Mark Brown. However, New Caledonia Congress President, Roch Wamytan said: “French state wants to see what will come out of this mission and wants the mission only to denounce the violence in New Caledonia.” French representative to the Pacific, Véronique Roger-Lacan, delivered the letter to the Forum on 10 August and stressed that it was certain that the French State would organise this mission as its responsibility.  Furthermore, Roger-Lacan said: “ the Pacific mission to New Caledonia is a goodwill in international relations and the French State stands ready to host an information mission, when conditions permit, in conjunction with the local authorities.” (“France has 'belittled' PIF: New Caledonia wants Pacific mission 'deferred' – Wamytan,” RNZ, 19 August 2024)

Australia and New Zealand Partners release a joint statement on the future of PIF, reports Pacific News Service
On 16 August, Pacific News Service reported on the joint statement released by the Australian and New Zealand Prime Ministers Anthony Albanese and Christopher Luxon acknowledging the future success of the region and becoming strong when working together. As founding members of the PIF, both countries have contributed to a stronger PIF upholding common values and reaffirmed to support the Forum’s aspirations for the region through the 2050 Strategy for the Blue Pacific Continent and the Boe Declaration on Regional Security. The Prime Ministers strengthened their commitment to peace and security in the region, noting that Pacific countries could address shared security concerns within the region. They looked forward to supporting the Pacific Policing Initiative (PPI), at the upcoming PIF Leaders Meeting and looked forward to attending the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM).  Additionally, they reaffirmed their commitment to work with Samoa to deliver successful Pacific priorities, including climate change, ocean sustainability and small state resilience. The loss of life and destruction of livelihoods during the recent disorder in New Caledonia saddened the Prime Ministers, encouraging all parties to work together in shaping New Caledonia’s future. (“Australia and NZ statement on Partners in the Pacific,” Pacific News Service, 19 August 2024)

Falling iron ore prices threaten Australia’s budget outlook, says an editorial in ABC News
On 18 August, an editorial in ABC News reported that the recent plunge in iron ore prices could cost the Australian federal government USD 3 billion in revenue, potentially widening the budget deficit for the 2024-25 financial year. Iron ore prices have dropped from USD 143 per tonne at the start of the year to around USD 82 currently, falling below Treasury forecasts. Treasurer Jim Chalmers acknowledged the situation and said: “Another reminder that we are not immune from volatility and uncertainty in the global market.” The government had initially projected a USD 28 billion deficit for 2024-25, following two years of surpluses. China’s struggling property market has significantly reduced demand for iron ore, a key component in steel production. This downturn has affected major iron ore miners, including BHP, Rio Tinto, Fortescue, and Brazil’s Vale, with their market capitalisations trending downward. Baowu Steel’s chair warned of a “colder, longer and more difficult” winter for the sector, further spooking investors. However, Australia’s efficient iron ore operations may weather the storm better than smaller players. The government hopes a strong job market will offset some revenue losses through income taxes as it approaches the 2025 election year. (“Plummeting iron ore prices on back of China's property crisis could wipe $3b from federal budget,” ABC News, 18 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 17 August 2024, Friday | Vol.1 No. 150
West Papua independence protestors request Pope for help, reports RNZ
On 17 August, RNZ reported that pro-independence demonstrators in the West Papua requested Pope Francis, the Head of the Catholic Church to raise awareness about human rights violations in their region. The appeal came after Indonesian security forces fired rubber bullets and tear gas at protestors, on the 62^nd anniversary of the United Nations (UN) agreement which led to Indonesia’s annexation of West Papua. At least one protestor was wounded and 95 people were arrested during the violence. Chairperson of the National Committee for West Papua (KNPB) Warpo Wetipo sought action from the Pope during his visit to Indonesia next month, saying, “We ask the Pope to advocate for an end to the oppression of the Papuan people.” Many Papuans believe their region was integrated into Indonesia forcibly through the agreement, and a war between the Government of Indonesia and separatists in the province has lingered on for decades. Separatist groups claim that they were holding peaceful protests to mark the anniversary when police used tear gas and rubber bullets. On the other hand, the police blamed protestors for starting violence through vandalism and throwing rocks. ( Victor Mambor, “ Papua independence protestors seek papal intervention after clashes with Indonesian forces,” RNZ, 17 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 16 August 2024, Friday | Vol.1 No. 149
Australia, NZ leaders claim AUKUS will boost security, reports Reuters
On 16 August, Reuters reported that the leaders of Australia and New Zealand believed Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States (AUKUS) defence pact would improve regional security and stability. Prime Minister of Australia, Anthony Albanese, and Prime Minister of New Zealand, Christopher Luxon made the remarks in a joint media briefing, issuing a joint statement that both nations would collaborate for mutual security and prosperity. While New Zealand is not a part of AUKUS, it has been attempting to collaborate on “pillar two” of the pact, which focuses on shared military technology. Albanese said, “We share very much common values and we share common objectives, and it is not surprising we will look at any opportunity for including New Zealand in pillar two.” Luxon also confirmed that New Zealand would maintain close security ties with Australia, its only formal defence ally. Both Prime Ministers also issued their joint concerns over tensions in the South China Sea and emphasized the need to maintain peace and stability. The threat from cyberattacks which target the territorial integrity, political independence, and security of the nation was also noted by the leaders. (Renju Jose, “Australia, NZ say AUKUS deal to boost security amid strategic challenges,” Reuters, 16 August 2024)
 
Australia and The Pacific Reader | 14 August 2024, Wednesday | Vol.1 No. 148
Kiribati polls pose threat to ruling government, an editorial in The Guardian
On 14 August, an editorial The Guardian analysed on the Pacific nation of Kiribati conducting its national election. Kiribati’s political system involves individual candidates running for parliamentary seats, before voters elect a president based on a shortlist given by the new parliamentarians. The President of Kiribati, Taneti Maamau is seeking another term, which could see his pro-China foreign policy continue. Chinese Ambassador to Kiribati, Zhou Limin praised the Maamau administration before the election, saying: “In the past year, I have observed an increase in the number of cars on the roads, a wider range of goods in supermarkets, and new entertainment equipment at playgrounds, which are strong proof of the improvement of Kiribati people’s life quality.”  Falls in foreign aid and wage increases for government workers have led to projections by the Asian Development Bank that Kiribati’s fiscal deficit will increase to 9.7 per cent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) this year. It is also predicted that external debt could reach 35 per cent of GDP by 2029. Kiribati also faces the prospect of rising sea levels, which have caused mass migration to the capital of Tarawa.  The capital has become one of the most densely populated cities in the world, with overcrowding and diseases common. (“ Kiribati’s pro-China government faces test as election begins,” The Guardian, 14 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 13 August 2024, Tuesday | Vol.1 No. 147
Kiribati to start first round of voting, reports RNZ News
On 13 August, RNZ News reported on the upcoming Kiribati elections. The Kiribati Electoral Commission is accountable for conducting the election with the assistance of the Ministry for Culture and Internal Affairs. There will be 114 candidates contesting for the first round of voting, but the information available about the polls is very minimal online, most official election information was shared via the Ministry of Culture's Facebook page. New Zealand’s High Commissioner in Tarawa, André van der Walt, said: “On the evening of the first round of voting (on Wednesday evening) the provisional results are shared on local radio in taetae ni Kiribati.” In addition, RNZ News reported on the second round of polling to be held on 19 August, subsequently releasing the final result on 20 August. The RNZ News Pacific's correspondent in Kiribati, Rimon Rimon, said: “there are some significant issues that will influence voters this election, such as the soaring cost of living and suggestions the government is struggling to meet its bills.”(“ Kiribati elections 2024 - what we know,” RNZ News, 13 August 2024)
 
Marshall Island agrees to Fukushima nuclear wastewater release, reports RNZ News
On 13 August, RNZ News reported on the Marshall Islands agrees to support Japan's release of treated Fukushima nuclear wastewater. The 2011 earthquake and tsunami forced the Japanese to discharge water collected from the Fukushima nuclear plant, subsequently, the Marshall Islands have had ongoing concerns about the release and reiterated this at the 10th Pacific Islands Leader Meeting (PALM) in Japan, voicing the burden of radioactive contamination from United States nuclear testing. The President of the Republic of the Marshall Island Heine, decided to join the other Pacific countries by recognising the International Atomic Energy Agency’s opinion that the water is safe to be released. In addition, she said: “the Marshall Islands didn't feel like we could change the decision that has been made by the [Pacific Islands] Forum, but we could at the same time could express our opinion.” Furthermore, the Pacific Islands Forum Chair and Cook Islands Prime Minister Mark Brown stated that the discharge does not go against the spirit of the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty (Treaty of Rarotonga). New Zealand's Foreign Minister Winston Peters said: “he does not have a view on whether there should be a separate Pacific group reviewing the release.” (“Marshall Islands goes with other Pacific nations on Fukushima nuclear wastewater release,” RNZ News, 13 August 2024)
 
Former Australian PM statement on Taiwan rebuked by former US House Speaker, reports The Guardian                                                            
On 12 August, The Guardian reported on a Prominent US Democrat Nancy Pelosi rebuked Former Australian Prime Minister Paul Keating’s statement on Taiwan as “stupid.” The statement led to a heated words of war between Keating and former US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi. The difference of opinion began after the national broadcaster cited an upcoming interview with Pelosi in which she criticised Keating for describing Taiwan as “Chinese real estate.” In an interview, Pelosi said: “I’ve no idea about Keating, but I think that it was a stupid statement to make, and I don’t know what his connection is to China that he would say such a thing. But it is really not in the security interest of the Asia-Pacific region for people to talk that way.” Pelosi visited Taiwan in August 2022 and showed full support for the democratically governed island, despite Beijing’s claims to seize the territory by force. Furthermore, it was the first visit to Taiwan by a speaker of the US House of Representatives in a quarter of a century. (“Nancy Pelosi rebukes former Australian PM Paul Keating over ‘stupid statement’ on Taiwan,” The Guardian, 13 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 12 August 2024, Monday | Vol.1 No. 146
Migrant workers bring prosperity to Pacific region, says an opinion in RNZ
On 12 August, an analysis in RNZ delved into the question of whether overseas workers can help boost the financial status and economy of Pacific Island countries. The op-ed stated that the island nations already rely heavily on foreign remittances, seven of the top ten remittance recipients are in the region. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic and accompanying lockdowns, global debt levels have increased a phenomenon which the Pacific Island region has fallen prey to. From 32.9 per cent in 2019, the average debt-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio of the Pacific Island nations increased to 42.2 per cent in 2021. The author states that this dire scenario could be mitigated if foreign worker remittances are utilized to increase government revenue, through improving the household consumption of goods and services. During the pandemic, nations like Samoa and Tonga saw a decline in remittances, while other countries such as Tonga and Fiji witnessed an inflows growth. Recently, remittances to the Pacific and East Asia increased by 3 per cent, reaching 133 billion USD by 2023. The op-ed suggests that the Pacific Island nations could reach agreements with wealthy trading partners such as Australia and China by ensuring special visa schemes, employment of Pacific migrants for businesses and increasing the period of stay. An increase in the number of Pacific workers travelling to these countries would enable them to develop skills and earn income to support their families and communities, as well as spurring government revenue and economic growth through remittances in their home countries. ( Paresh Narayan and Bernard Iyke, “ Can overseas workers boost Pacific prosperity?,” RNZ, 12 August 2024)

Landslide aftermath causes agony and suffering in Papua New Guinea, reports ABC News
On 11 August, a ground report in ABC News brought out the lingering impacts of a massive landslide in Papua New Guinea, over two months after the horrific disaster. The landslide led to the only road connecting to the town of Porgera being cut off. There are fears that a humanitarian crisis is unfolding in Porgera, with the main supply route closed for over two months, making it difficult to transport food and goods. The cost of transporting goods has led to an increase in the cost of essential goods such as rice.  Betty Angai, a local who works as a cleaner at the Porgera Gold Mine sums up the desperation many are feeling, saying: “There are times we don’t have food and we go to sleep hungry.” Additionally, school attendances have dropped by more than 60 per cent in the district.  However, the road remains to be completed, and workers have not been paid. Meanwhile, survivors continue to live in makeshift camps, fearing resettlement due to tribal disputes.  (Marian Faa and Theckla Gunga, “ In the town cut off by a massive landslide in PNG, locals walk over buried loved ones to transit essential goods, ’’ ABC News, 11 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 10 August 2024, Saturday | Vol.1 No. 145
New Caledonia’s curfew extended, reports RNZ
On 10 August, RNZ reported that New Caledonia’s curfew has been extended to 19 August, issued by the French High Commission. The curfew was first imposed on 13 May after violent unrest broke out in the region. Since the unrest, the dusk-to-dawn curfew has been relaxed but bans on the sale of firearms, ammunition, and alcohol are prohibited. The French High Commission informed that 2343 people have been arrested. They also informed us that they would assist in developing New Caledonia's Southern province development including sea transportation services. Nouméa Public Prosecutor Yves Dupas said: “The laws of the Republic apply everywhere on the territory (...) We are aiming for quite several arrests in Saint-Louis. Some of these have taken place over the past few days.” (“New Caledonia’s curfew extended until 19 August,” RNZ, 10 August 2024)
 
New Zealand FM to begin his Pacific tour
On 09 August, The New Zealand Herald reported on New Zealand’s Foreign Minister Winston Peters's concerns before his Pacific Island tour. It is expected that the unrest in New Caledonia will be the primary concern for Peters. He believes that the discussion on New Caledonian will feature heavily in the Pacific Island Forum (PIF) and that: “It’s a chance to present, hopefully, this plan of action before we all set our minds as to what we think should be done.” He further expressed that New Zealand should have prevented the five Micronesian countries from leaving the PIF forum in 2021. He said: “I was personally shocked to see the dislocation, that was an appalling surprise because we’ve gone all those decades, the Pacific way; we consult before we decide. Our job is to get ahead of those things, that should not have ever happened.” (“Foreign Minister Winston Peters discusses ‘paramount concern’ ahead of landmark Pacific tour,” The New Zealand Herald, 09 August 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 07 August 2024, Wednesday | Vol.1 No. 142
US and Australia to increase military cooperation over their China concerns
On 07 August, the US and Australia announced plans to increase their military cooperation, with more frequent deployments of US bomber aircraft to Australia. This decision made during annual talks between the two nations addresses concerns over China’s activities in the Indo-Pacific region. US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said: “We're also increasing the presence of rotational US forces in Australia.” This included more maritime patrol and reconnaissance aircraft operating from northern Australia. Australian Defence Minister Richard Marles emphasised that the American force in Australia now spans “every domain: land, sea, air, cyber and space.” The move is part of a broader strategy to enhance regional stability, with Marles noting that neighbouring countries appreciate the US presence. The joint statement also criticised China’s “dangerous and escalatory behavior” in the South China Sea. However, both nations stressed the importance of maintaining open communication channels with China to prevent miscalculations. While some analysts warn of potential risks associated with increased US military presence in Australia, the two countries view this cooperation as crucial for regional security and stability. (Daniel Hurst, “US plans more frequent bomber deployments to Australia amid China’s ‘escalatory behaviour’,” The Guardian, 07 August 2024)

India’s increasing interest in the Pacific region, reports ABC News
On 07 August, ABC News reported on the growing race for influence in the strategically important Pacific region, dominating the media in recent years. Recently, India has started to make waves. The President of India Droupadi Murmu will visit Fiji, New Zealand, and Timor-Leste, making its Pacific ambitions recognized, and launching itself as a true global power. An adjunct professor at the Griffith Asia Institute said: “India's activity in the Pacific had definitely increased with more high-level visits and promises of development assistance, said Tess Newton Cain.” In addition, ABC News stated   India's ancient history with Fiji. Dating back to the 19th century, thousands of Indian indentured labourers were voyaged to Fiji by British colonialists to work on sugarcane plantations. Now approximately 40 per cent of Fiji's population is of the Indian diaspora. Furthermore, ABC News focused on China's growing influence in the Pacific, sparkling India's interest. Professor Mahapatra said: “Most of the countries in the Indo-Pacific region want peace and stability and with countries like China behaving in a way like a new imperial power, that has to be managed in cooperation with all the countries.” Dr Newton Cain stated that India needs to build up its understanding of the region and do an ingenious assessment of the area. (“President Droupadi Murmu's visit highlights India's push for influence in the Pacific,” ABC News, 07 August, 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 06 August 2024, Tuesday | Vol.1 No. 141
Caledonians flee for better life as they face unemployment, reports RNZ
On 06 August, the RNZ reported on an ongoing violent dispute, companies in New Caledonia reported people parting the French Pacific territory for their betterment. In addition, the RNZ emphasised the efforts by security forces working on removing roadblocks, largely in the capital Nouméa and its outskirts. The riots witnessed ten deaths and an estimated eight hundred buildings and businesses burgled and bought into rubble, causing damage worth 2.2 billion euros. Furthermore, Industry professionals stated to local media that over 2400 employees and business leaders have so far lost their jobs and the demand has increased for permanent departures. The local manager of AGS International Noël Jourdan said: “In the beginning, most of them were just scared. But then there were those who lost thei r jobs, and had no other option but to leave.” (More New Caledonians leaving for good - Papua New Guinea removal companies,” RNZ, 06 August, 2024)
 
Census delayed in Papua New Guinea, reports RNZ
On 06 August, the RNZ reported on the disturbed population census in Papua New Guinea. The chaos in the capital Port Moresby is due to its prolonged ongoing election, due to funding, training, and logistics. The Census Minister, Richard Masere, said: “last week he now expected the count to be finished by 24 August. He added most of the country has been counted, but data was still due to come from the Autonomous Region of Bougainville.” The Government stated that it would procure digital tablets worth USD 4.4 million to record the census data but refused to show data on the procurement. The Port Moresby coordinator of Ward 11 said: “The government needs to give us the support we need to enable us to make the Census successful.” He further stated that the delay in the tablets caused more confusion, as the data was initially recorded in papers, which subsequently needed to be digitised for the final count. The postponement of the census has also meant a delay in Local elections for 22 provinces that were due to begin in late July, because of its unreliable population data, Papua New Guinea is incapable of establishing basic details like infant mortality income per person in the country hindering the pain to lift the living standards. (PNG census woes deepen as unpaid enumerators withhold data,” RNZ, 06 August, 2024)

Australia and The Pacific Reader | 05 August 2024, Monday | Vol.1 No. 140
New Zealand pilot to be released by the West Papua National Liberation Army, reports ABC News
On 05 August, ABC News reported on the capture of the New Zealand Pilot by the West Papua National Liberation Army held for 18 long months, in Indonesia's Papua region. A spokesman for the West Papua National Liberation Army-an umbrella group stated they have a plan to release the pilot either in August or September. The armed men ambushed the pilot at the airstrip, and held him hostage in a central highlands area of Papua for 18 months, sporadically releasing videos and images of the capture. New Zealand’s Spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs said: “Mr Mehrtens's safety and wellbeing remain our top priority and we continue to do everything we can to secure a peaceful resolution and Phillip's safe release, including working closely with the Indonesian authorities and deploying New Zealand consular staff.” In addition, Indonesia's government used a group of security forces and community outreach in an attempt to secure the pilot. (”Armed rebels holding NZ pilot hostage for 18 months again pledge to release him,” ABC News 05 August, 2024)

China-Australia relations: navigating a delicate balance of pragmatism and principle, an opinion in East Asia Forum
On 02 August, an opinion piece in the East Asia Forum stated that Chinese Premier Li Qiang’s visit to Australia in June 2024, signalled a thaw in bilateral relations after years of tension. This diplomatic milestone, the first such visit in seven years, followed Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese’s trip to China in 2023. The renewed engagement reflects a mutual recognition of the benefits of stability in their relationship. Albanese’s approach of cooperating while maintaining principled disagreements has yielded tangible results. Two-way trade increased by 10 per cent in 2023, reaching AUD 326.9 billion, with services exports to China surging by 53.4 per cent. China’s lifting of trade restrictions on key Australian exports further eased economic tensions. However, the author stated that challenges persist. Australia must balance its alliance with the United States against its economic ties with China, especially as global trade dynamics shift. Concerns over human rights, regional security, and Chinese influence in Australia remain potential flashpoints. Despite these hurdles, both nations appear committed to pragmatic engagement. As China seeks to counter perceptions of diplomatic isolation and Australia aims to diversify its trade partnerships, their evolving relationship underscores the complex interplay of economics, diplomacy, and strategic interests in the Asia-Pacific region. (Zhuowen Li, “Recalibrating Australia–China relations,” East Asia Forum, 02 August 2024)