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China’s anti-corruption drive removed three top military officials, reports SCMP

China Reader Daily Wire | 29 December 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 255
INTERNAL
China’s anti-corruption drive removed three top military officials, reports SCMP
On 28 December, SCMP reported that three top-ranking Chinese officials have been removed from the national legislature as part of the anti-corruption drive. The expelled Wang Renhua, head of the Central Military Commission’s Political and Legal Affairs Committee; Zhang Hongbing, political commissar of the People’s Armed Police (PAP); and Wang Peng, director of the CMC’s training department. These heads have been missing from key events. Wang Renhua, 63, was promoted to admiral by Chinese President Xi Jinping just last year and put in charge of the military’s courts, procuratorates and prisons. They missed the anniversary of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) and the party’s fourth plenum in October. Following this, speculation grew regarding their possible removal from their government position and the party. (“China’s anti-corruption campaign claims 3 more top military officers,” SCMP, 28 December 2025)

ECONOMY
China imposes new  regulatory measures for civilian uncrewed aircraft drones, SCMP  
On 27 December, SCMP reported that China adopted new revisions to the decade-old Civil Aviation Law, stating that they are formally bringing the uncrewed aircraft drones under the national legal framework for the very first time. The revisions were approved by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee, aimed to guide economic development in China’s burgeoning drone industry. The revised laws expand the 1995 legislation to 16 chapters and 262 articles, targeting drones explicitly. The civilian uncrewed aircraft will require all of its entities, from design, production, import and maintenance, to be approved by the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC). It also requires manufacturers to assign unique identification codes to each drone to improve traceability, in line with national regulations. (“China puts drone rules into law as low-altitude economy takes off,” SCMP, 27 December 2025)

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China releases survey report on the coral reef ecosystem of Huangyan Dao
On 29 December, China released a survey report on the coral reef ecosystem of Huangyan Dao, which is located in Sansha City in Hainan Province. The survey report showed that the average coverage rate of hermatypic corals within the Huangyan Dao National Nature Reserve has reached 38.8 per cent, and the coral reef ecosystem of Huangyan Dao is generally in good condition. The research was done by using aerial remote sensing with the analysis of historical data. It found that 135 species of reef-building corals have been identified. A total of 94 species of wild animals under first- and second-class national protection are documented, including hawksbill sea turtles, green sea turtles, Triton's trumpets, tiger cowries, boring clams and other giant clam species. (“China releases survey report on coral reef ecosystem of Huangyan Dao,” CGTN, 29 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
China launches war game exercise “Justice Mission 2025” around Taiwan
On 29 December, China stages a live fire drill around Taiwan, “Justice Mission 2025.” They deployed troops, warships and fighter jets and artillery as part of the exercise. China Eastern Theatre Command said: “concentrated forces to the north and southwest of the Taiwan Strait and carried out live firing and simulated strikes on land and maritime targets.”  Taiwan reported that Chinese military boats came in dozens, and the aircrafts operated around the island. The exercises began 11 days after the US. announced USD 11.1 billion in arms sales to Taiwan, the largest ever weapons package for the island. Eastern Theatre Command stated that this is a serious warning to Taiwanese independence forces and the external influence increasing the region. (“China launches war games around Taiwan as island vows to defend democracy,” Reuters, 29 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China is intensifying its repression of Tibetan culture, reports Ommcon News
On 27 December, Ommcom News reported that the Chinese Communist Party is taking coercive measures to erase Tibetan identity, language, religion and culture. Satellite images showed that Om Mani Padme Hum was removed from the rock engraving, and instead Chinese flag was installed. The Tibetan people were forced to swap the traditional Mani prayer flags for the Chinese flag. Ceylon Wire News reported that “The cultural repression in Tibet reached a new low after Chinese authorities burnt traditional prayer flags under the pretext of fire hazard control. The incineration of the flags comes on the heels of earlier incidents involving the removal, replacement, or manipulation of traditional Mani prayer flags found throughout Tibet. Locals labelled it as an escalation in Beijing’s efforts to erase visible Tibetan religious traditions.” And that “The past few years have witnessed several incidents of removal and demolition of Mani flags and wheels by Chinese officials for unreasonable, illogical and dubious reasons. As the Tibetans celebrated the 90th birthday of the spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, Chinese authorities imposed several restrictions on the movement and religious practices in the region. Those who refused to be a part of Beijing’s ‘re-education programme’ — a national assimilation plan — were subjected to arbitrary detention on fabricated charges, long-term imprisonment, and systemic social exclusion.” (“China Intensifying Cultural Repression In Tibet: Report,” Ommcom News, 27 December 2025)

China discovers copper mines in Tibet, reports Tibetan Review
On 28 December, Tibetan Review reported that China is heavily mining in Tibet after it discovered more than 20 million tonnes of copper deposits since 2021. Copper prices are currently at an all-time high, with the record demand of EVs and green tech. The scale of the reserves was announced in January 2025; the discovery of copper is worth USD 100 billion.  This could give China leverage in the market. China might soon dominate not just production but also the intricate web of global trade relations. The world is watching, and the stakes are higher than they’ve been in years. For years, Chilean copper mines have become unshakable pillars, but this recent discovery can change all of that. Copper is an indispensable part of everything from electronics to green technology. (“Massive copper discoveries in Tibet make China world’s market leader,” Tibetan Review, 28 December 2025)

Pakistan and China warplane deal with the Libyan National Army, reports SCMP
On 27 December, SCMP reported that Pakistan is selling warplanes it worked on with China to the Libyan National Army (LNA). In one of Pakistan’s largest-ever arms deals, 16 of the JF-17 “Thunder” fighters were listed among the over USD 4 billion worth of military equipment sold to the force led by Khalifa Hifter, which controls the east of the country. This also included equipment from land, sea and air, such as the 12 Super Mushak trainer aircraft and other basic pilot training. Hudson Institute fellow, Liselotte Odgaard, said: “It enables China to establish market presence behind the veneer of Pakistani exports,” and that “The deal is a way of expanding China’s geopolitical influence through defence-industrial partnerships.” The JF-17 is a fourth-generation single-engine, multi-role aircraft developed jointly by Chengdu Aircraft Corporation and the Pakistan Aeronautical Complex. (“China-Pakistan warplane deal with Libyan faction ‘may help expand Beijing’s influence’,” SCMP, 27 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China to send humanitarian aid to displaced Cambodian nations
On 28 December, CGTN reported that China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi announced that China is willing to provide humanitarian support to Cambodia aimed at settling the displaced people in the border area. This comes after a joint statement was issued where both countries, Thailand and Cambodia, agreed to a ceasefire, led by Wang Yi. He said: “China supports ASEAN in playing its due role and stands ready to assist in the ASEAN observation mission in monitoring the ceasefire.” Cambodia’s Foreign Minister Prak Sokhonn said: “The Cambodian side highly appreciates the positive role played by China in mediating the conflict, including the meeting of the foreign ministers of Cambodia, China and Thailand, as well as the shuttle mediation conducted by the Chinese special envoy.” (“China will deliver humanitarian aid to Cambodia for displaced people along the border: Chinese FM,” CGTN, 28 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 27 December 2025, Saturday | Vol 2 No. 254
INTERNAL
CPPCC removes eight defence firm chiefs under anti-corruption and disciplinary charges, reports SCMP
On 25 December, SCMP reported that four former defence company bosses have been removed by China’s top political advisory body, the CPPCC. This is part of their anti-corruption drive in the military and other sectors. They are among eight members removed from the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) under a decision passed by the body’s National Committee in Beijing. The revocation, rather than resignation, means that there are suspicions of disciplinary violations and corruption charges being investigated. Those removed from the advisory body include four former senior executives of military-related state-owned enterprises (SOEs). There has been no official statement about any corruption investigations into these individuals yet, though some of them have not been seen in public for months, reports SCMP.  Among them are Cao Jianguo, former chairman of Aero Engine Corporation of China (AECC), and Zhang Dongchen, former chairman of China Satellite Network Group. (“China axes 8 from top advisory body CPPCC, including 4 defence firm chiefs,” SCMP, 25 December 2025)

Chinese villagers protest against the forced cremation practice pushed by the government, reports The Straits Times
On 26 December, The Straits Times reported that protests in rural China have stopped the Chinese government’s attempts to enforce cremation in place of traditional burials. Such outbursts of dissent are rare in China, where authorities act swiftly to stamp out civil disobedience both on the ground and online. Localised protests have been increasing, with videos showing crowds of people in the mountainous Guizhou province, where the locals have been confronting officials trying to force cremation of the dead. The Chinese government has promoted cremation for decades, arguing it preserves land, reduces costs and represents “modern” funeral practice. (“Chinese villagers win battle against forced cremation after protests,” The Straits Times, 26 December 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
China’s MSS warns against foreign actors using AI to stir panic, repost SCMP
On 27 December, SCMP reported on China’s Ministry of State Security (MSS) claiming that foreign forces have used deepfakes and AI to create public panic and to obtain sensitive information on China, which is a national security threat to Beijing. MSS said: “Deepfake technology, which uses AI’s deep learning algorithms to simulate and forge images, audio and video, can be abused or used maliciously to endanger individual legal rights, social stability and national security.” The ministry also said: “Using AI could lead to data leaks and security risks. It cited a case in which staff had used open-source AI tools that permitted users to view files without a password, allowing someone with a foreign IP address to access and download sensitive data.” (“China warns foreign forces deploy AI deepfakes to stir panic and steal data,” SCMP, 27 December 2025)

NUCLEAR
US Congress research on China’s nuclear and missile proliferation, reports USNI News
On 26 December, USNI News reported that the Congressional Research Service published a report titled “China: Nuclear and Missile Proliferation.” The report expressed the US government’s concerns regarding China’s proliferation of nuclear and missile technologies to other countries. The report found that China has direct involvement in the transfer of nuclear and missile-related items and that Chinese firms and individuals continue to export goods. The report also highlighted its concerns regarding the entities operating from China that provide other forms of support for proliferation, through illicit financing and money laundering. (“Report to Congress on China’s Nuclear and Missile Proliferation,” USNI News, 26 December 2025)

OUTER SPACE
China launches “Fengyun-4 03” satellite
On 27 December, China launched its new satellite “Fengyun-4 03” from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in the country's southwestern Sichuan Province. This was launched as part of the Long March-3B rocket. This was the 621st flight mission of the Long March rocket series. The Long March 3B (CZ-3B) is a powerful Chinese orbital rocket, known for launching heavy payloads like communication and navigation satellites into geosynchronous orbits. (“China launches Fengyun-4 03 satellite,” Global Times, 27 December 2025)

ENVIRONMENT
China releases its first blue book on climate resource economy, reports CGTN
On 26 December, CGTN reported that China released its first blue book on the climate resource economy by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA). The report looked at how climate resources have been transformed and applied across different sectors and the economy. CMA said: “As global climate change intensifies, climate resources have become a core factor in promoting sustainable economic and social development.” It also reported that “In agriculture, assessments of agroclimatic resources have supported food security, with findings showing that the maize cultivation belt in northeast China has expanded northward by about 61 million mu (nearly 4.1 million hectares). In the energy sector, research indicates that improved forecasting accuracy for wind and solar power can reduce the proportion of disaster-related losses and optimise power grid dispatching. In tourism, climate-related landscapes, such as seas of clouds and sunrises, have become new drivers of economic growth in some regions.” (“China releases first blue book on climate resource economy,” CGTN, 26 December 2025)

MARITIME
Chinese container ships with a missile battery located in Shanghai, reports Naval News  
On 25 December, Naval News reported that Chinese shipping vessels with vertical launch cell systems are present in Shanghai. They were 48 in numbers in 3 rows of 16. The vessel in question is also fitted with a Type-1130 Close-in Weapons system and at least 3 decoy launchers. These vessels also had sensors and carried decoys and weaponry. A Type-344 Fire Control Radar was visible. It is also suspected that the AESA array is mounted slightly to the port and one container higher in height relative to the Type-344. At present, the types of missiles to be carried remain largely a mystery, although the VLS cells housed within the containers are likely to be able to fire the standard suite of Chinese anti-ship and land attack missiles, finds Naval News. (“Container Ship Turned Missile Battery Spotted in China,” Naval News, 25 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China opens a shopping centre in the disputed Woody Island, reports SCMP
On 26 December, SCMP reported that China opened a new shopping centre in Woody Island in the contested Paracel Islands aimed at bolstering civilian presence. The Sansha City Commercial Centre is open for business. It is a 64,600 sq ft complex is the latest addition to China’s civilian infrastructure on what it calls Yongxing Island. Woody Island is the largest of around 30 islands in the Paracels chain and serves as the administrative hub of Sansha. The city had a permanent population of 2,200 people in 2024. China has built public infrastructure on Woody Island, like the post office, weather station, school and hospital, power plants and public parks. It also has a dual-use civilian and military airport with a 3,000-metre runway capable of accommodating Boeing 737 aircraft, as well as a port able to berth 5,000-tonne vessels. (“China opens shopping centre on Woody Island in disputed Paracels in South China Sea,” SCMP, 26 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China-Pakistan conducts 9th China-Pakistan Economic Corridor media forum, reports Daily Times
On 26 December, Daily Times reported that the 9th China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) Media Forum was held in a hybrid format (online + offline) in Islamabad and Beijing. The theme of the meeting was “Strengthen Media Cooperation, Advance the Construction of the Upgraded Version 2.0 of CPEC.” The forum was hosted by the Chinese Embassy in Pakistan and co-organised by China Economic Net (CEN) and the Pakistan-China Institute. Federal Minister for Information and Broadcasting, Attaullah Tarar, spoke about the involvement in China-Pakistan exchanges. He proposed establishing a China-Pakistan joint fact-checking forum to promptly counter false reports and enhance media cooperation between the two countries. President and Editor-in-Chief of Economic Daily, Zheng Qingdong, said: “CPEC has evolved from a blueprint into a tangible reality, embarked on a new journey of its upgraded Version 2.0, and established itself as a model of mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Pakistan.” (“Tarar proposes joint forum with China to counter fake news,” Daily Times, 26 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Chinese tariffs on EU dairy products to ease pressure on domestic market, reports Reuters
On 24 December, Reuters reported that China’s farmers are neck deep in milk, and the recent tariffs on European dairy products will give China a chance to protect its domestic industry. Dairy Asia, Head, Yifan Li said: “The country's milk oversupply plays a significant role in the government's decision to impose tariffs ... the whole Chinese dairy industry has been losing profits in the last four years, the industry has been bleeding.” He added that government subsidies in China decreased in 2025 as a sluggish economy weighed on state finances. (“Analysis: Chinese tariffs on EU dairy to help 'bleeding' domestic industry, send message abroad,” Reuters, 24 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China imposes sanctions on US defence firm over arms sale to Taiwan, reports The Guardian
On 26 December, The Guardian reported that China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that they are imposing sanctions on 30 US defence firms. This comes after US President Donald Trump imposed large arms sales to Taiwan. The ministry informed that this is against 10 individuals and 20 US firms. In light of this, any asset they hold in China will be frozen. Additionally, they were barred from engaging and selling to any Chinese domestic organisation and individuals. Individuals on the Chinese sanctions list, including the founder of the defence firm Anduril Industries and nine senior executives from the sanctioned firms, are banned from entering China. The Chinese foreign ministry said: “The Taiwan issue is the core of China’s core interests and the first red line that cannot be crossed in China-US relations. Any provocative actions that cross the line on the Taiwan issue will be met with a strong response from China.” They called on the US to cease its dangerous efforts to arm the Island. (“China imposes sanctions on US defence firms over Taiwan arms deal,” The Guardian, 26 December 2025)

PLA simulate war games exercise near Mexico and Cuba, reports SCMP
On 24 December, SCMP reported that the Chinese military simulated battles near Mexico and Cuba wargaming exercise. Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, along with the Sea of Okhotsk and Taiwan, were among the locations of conflict scenarios, as part of People’s Liberation Army wargaming exercises. China has a minimal military presence in Latin America. The footage was recorded at a PLA wargaming event held in Xuchang, Henan province, which was attended by 20 units from across the military and its academies. Dozens of simulation systems were demonstrated. The CCTV said the exercise: “help commanders learn how to fight without engaging in actual combat by creating a low-cost, immersive and repeatable adversarial environment” (“Chinese military simulated battles near Mexico, Cuba and Taiwan, CCTV report shows,” SCMP, 24 December 2025)

China accuses the US of driving a wedge between Beijing and Delhi, says the Foreign Ministry
On 25 December, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson, Lin Jian, accused the US of distorting its defence policy, aimed at thwarting China-India ties. Lin Jian, in a press briefing, was asked if China would exploit the recent easing of tension with India over the disputed border region to make sure that its ties with the US don’t deepen. Lin said, “China views its ties with India from a strategic and long-term perspective,” and expressed that on the border issue with China and India “, we object to any country passing judgment about this issue.” The statement was made against the Pentagon report, which said: “probably seeks to capitalise on decreased tension… to stabilise bilateral relations and prevent the deepening of US-India ties.” (“China accuses US of trying to thwart improved China-India ties,” The Straits Times, 25 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 26 December 2025, Friday | Vol 2 No. 253
INTERNAL
CPPCC removes eight defence firm chiefs under anti-corruption and disciplinary charges, reports SCMP
On 25 December, SCMP reported that four former defence company bosses have been removed by China’s top political advisory body, the CPPCC. This is part of their anti-corruption drive in the military and other sectors. They are among eight members removed from the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) under a decision passed by the body’s National Committee in Beijing. The revocation, rather than resignation, means that there are suspicions of disciplinary violations and corruption charges being investigated. Those removed from the advisory body include four former senior executives of military-related state-owned enterprises (SOEs). There has been no official statement about any corruption investigations into these individuals yet, though some of them have not been seen in public for months, reports SCMP.  Among them are Cao Jianguo, former chairman of Aero Engine Corporation of China (AECC), and Zhang Dongchen, former chairman of China Satellite Network Group. (“China axes 8 from top advisory body CPPCC, including 4 defence firm chiefs,” SCMP, 25 December 2025)

Chinese villagers protest against the forced cremation practice pushed by the government, reports The Straits Times
On 26 December, The Straits Times reported that protests in rural China have stopped the Chinese government’s attempts to enforce cremation in place of traditional burials. Such outbursts of dissent are rare in China, where authorities act swiftly to stamp out civil disobedience both on the ground and online. Localised protests have been increasing, with videos showing crowds of people in the mountainous Guizhou province, where the locals have been confronting officials trying to force cremation of the dead. The Chinese government has promoted cremation for decades, arguing it preserves land, reduces costs and represents “modern” funeral practice. (“Chinese villagers win battle against forced cremation after protests,” The Straits Times, 26 December 2025)

ENVIRONMENT
China releases its first blue book on climate resource economy, reports CGTN
On 26 December, CGTN reported that China released its first blue book on the climate resource economy by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA). The report looked at how climate resources have been transformed and applied across different sectors and the economy. CMA said: “As global climate change intensifies, climate resources have become a core factor in promoting sustainable economic and social development.” It also reported that “In agriculture, assessments of agroclimatic resources have supported food security, with findings showing that the maize cultivation belt in northeast China has expanded northward by about 61 million mu (nearly 4.1 million hectares). In the energy sector, research indicates that improved forecasting accuracy for wind and solar power can reduce the proportion of disaster-related losses and optimise power grid dispatching. In tourism, climate-related landscapes, such as seas of clouds and sunrises, have become new drivers of economic growth in some regions.” (“China releases first blue book on climate resource economy,” CGTN, 26 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China-Pakistan conducts 9th China-Pakistan Economic Corridor media forum, reports Daily Times
On 26 December, Daily Times reported that the 9th China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) Media Forum was held in a hybrid format (online + offline) in Islamabad and Beijing. The theme of the meeting was “Strengthen Media Cooperation, Advance the Construction of the Upgraded Version 2.0 of CPEC.” The forum was hosted by the Chinese Embassy in Pakistan and co-organised by China Economic Net (CEN) and the Pakistan-China Institute. Federal Minister for Information and Broadcasting, Attaullah Tarar, spoke about the involvement in China-Pakistan exchanges. He proposed establishing a China-Pakistan joint fact-checking forum to promptly counter false reports and enhance media cooperation between the two countries. President and Editor-in-Chief of Economic Daily, Zheng Qingdong, said: “CPEC has evolved from a blueprint into a tangible reality, embarked on a new journey of its upgraded Version 2.0, and established itself as a model of mutually beneficial cooperation between China and Pakistan.” (“Tarar proposes joint forum with China to counter fake news,” Daily Times, 26 December 2025)

MARITIME
Chinese container ships with a missile battery located in Shanghai, reports Naval News  
On 25 December, Naval News reported that Chinese shipping vessels with vertical launch cell systems are present in Shanghai. They were 48 in numbers in 3 rows of 16. The vessel in question is also fitted with a Type-1130 Close-in Weapons system and at least 3 decoy launchers. These vessels also had sensors and carried decoys and weaponry. A Type-344 Fire Control Radar was visible. It is also suspected that the AESA array is mounted slightly to the port and one container higher in height relative to the Type-344. At present, the types of missiles to be carried remain largely a mystery, although the VLS cells housed within the containers are likely to be able to fire the standard suite of Chinese anti-ship and land attack missiles, finds Naval News. (“Container Ship Turned Missile Battery Spotted in China,” Naval News, 25 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Chinese tariffs on EU dairy products to ease pressure on domestic market, reports Reuters
On 24 December, Reuters reported that China’s farmers are neck deep in milk, and the recent tariffs on European dairy products will give China a chance to protect its domestic industry. Dairy Asia, Head, Yifan Li said: “The country's milk oversupply plays a significant role in the government's decision to impose tariffs ... the whole Chinese dairy industry has been losing profits in the last four years, the industry has been bleeding.” He added that government subsidies in China decreased in 2025 as a sluggish economy weighed on state finances. (“Analysis: Chinese tariffs on EU dairy to help 'bleeding' domestic industry, send message abroad,” Reuters, 24 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
PLA simulate war games exercise near Mexico and Cuba, reports SCMP
On 24 December, SCMP reported that the Chinese military simulated battles near Mexico and Cuba wargaming exercise. Cuba, the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, along with the Sea of Okhotsk and Taiwan, were among the locations of conflict scenarios, as part of People’s Liberation Army wargaming exercises. China has a minimal military presence in Latin America. The footage was recorded at a PLA wargaming event held in Xuchang, Henan province, which was attended by 20 units from across the military and its academies. Dozens of simulation systems were demonstrated. The CCTV said the exercise: “help commanders learn how to fight without engaging in actual combat by creating a low-cost, immersive and repeatable adversarial environment” (“Chinese military simulated battles near Mexico, Cuba and Taiwan, CCTV report shows,” SCMP, 24 December 2025)

China accuses the US of driving a wedge between Beijing and Delhi, says the Foreign Ministry
On 25 December, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson, Lin Jian, accused the US of distorting its defence policy, aimed at thwarting China-India ties. Lin Jian, in a press briefing, was asked if China would exploit the recent easing of tension with India over the disputed border region to make sure that its ties with the US don’t deepen. Lin said, “China views its ties with India from a strategic and long-term perspective,” and expressed that on the border issue with China and India “, we object to any country passing judgment about this issue.” The statement was made against the Pentagon report, which said: “probably seeks to capitalise on decreased tension… to stabilise bilateral relations and prevent the deepening of US-India ties.” (“China accuses US of trying to thwart improved China-India ties,” The Straits Times, 25 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 24 December 2025, Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 252
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China discovers 7^th 100-million-ton oilfield “Qinhuangdao 29-6”
On 24 December, China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) announced that it had found a new 100-million-ton discovery in the shallow Neogene formations of China’s Bohai Sea, the Qinhuangdao 29-6 Oilfield. Since 2019, this is the 7^th consecutive 100-million-ton oilfield discovered in China’s largest crude oil production base, which is the Bohai Oilfield. The report said: “The Qinhuangdao 29-6 Oilfield is located in the central Bohai Sea and represents another hundred-million-ton lithologic oilfield in the region following the major discovery of the Qinhuangdao 27-3 Oilfield in recent years. Testing shows that a single well can produce approximately 370 tons of crude oil per day, demonstrating strong exploration potential.” (“China’s Bohai Sea discovers 7th 100-million-ton oilfield: media report,” Global Times, 24 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China called Japan’s emperor to be held accountable for its role in Unit 731 crimes in WWII, reports SCMP
On 24 December, SCMP reported that the Chinese scholars want the late Emperor Hirohito of Japan should be held accountable under international law for the crimes of Unit 731. They wrote that we shielded the ruler for its World War II policies. History Professor from the Hangzhou Normal University, Zhou Donghua said: “The secret Japanese military unit in northeastern China, which was responsible for human experimentation, biological warfare and at least tens of thousands of civilian deaths, had been created by imperial order in 1936.” He is responsible for the units’ atrocities, and that ultimately rests with the emperor of Japan. (“China urged to sue over Japanese royal’s role in Unit 731 crimes,” SMCP, 24 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China is expanding the Pakistan corridor to create a strategic route to bypass the Strait of Malacca, says an opinion in CPG
On 23 December, an opinion piece in CPG reported that China is investing tens of billions, building deep-water ports in Pakistan. This is done by extending the corridor to the Arabian Sea and creating a bypass route to the Straits of Malacca. The author stated that this plan will be a strategic cooperation as part of the CPEC and BRI initiative. The Strait of Malacca is one of the most congested and sensitive points on the planet. It connects the Indian Ocean to the Pacific and handles about a quarter of the world's maritime trade, including a large portion of China's imported oil. The author said: “The network of highways, railways, and pipelines exceeds 3.000 kilometers long, crossing deserts, plains, and some of the most challenging mountainous regions on the planet. These corridors connect the Arabian Sea to the Chinese interior, reducing transport time and creating a direct link between industrial zones, energy centres, and consumer markets.” (“China is investing tens of billions, building deep-water ports in Pakistan, extending corridors of more than 3.000 km from the Asian interior to the Arabian Sea, and creating a strategic route to bypass the Strait of Malacca,” CPG, 23 December 2025)

China-Bangladesh inaugurate their Joint Cardiovascular Disease Clinic in Dhaka, reports People’s Daily
On 24 December, the People’s Daily reported on the inauguration of the China-Bangladesh Joint Cardiovascular Disease Clinic in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) is the first joint cardiovascular disease clinic jointly built by China and Bangladesh. Chinese ambassador to Bangladesh, Yao Wen, said: “The launch of the joint clinic is another important outcome of China-Bangladesh practical cooperation and reflects the two countries' shared commitment to improving people's well-being. He noted that China stands ready to work with Bangladesh to deepen collaboration in public health governance, promote innovation in medical technology, and advance the development of the health industry, contributing to the building of the "Health Silk Road.” Bangladesh's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Advisor, Nurjahan Begum, said: “The establishment of the joint clinic is a vivid example of friendly cooperation between the two countries and will bring tangible benefits to the Bangladeshi people.” (“China-Bangladesh Joint Cardiovascular Disease Clinic inaugurated in Dhaka,” People’s Daily, 24 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
FCC bans Chinese made drones sale and import in the US, citing security concerns
On 23 December, the US Federal Communications Commission announced that it will ban the new foreign-made drones from China, citing national security concerns. FCC said: “adding uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) and their critical components made in China and other foreign countries to its ‘covered list’ that features equipment that has been determined to pose an ‘unacceptable risk’ to U.S. national security and the safety of Americans. Specific drones or components would be exempt if the Pentagon or Department of Homeland Security determined they did not pose such risks.” This means they are prohibited from being sold or imported in the US. They also stated that it undermines the resilience of the UAS industrial base and increases their national risk. The US House Select Committee said: “Taken together with the Administration’s recent executive actions to accelerate domestic drone commercialisation, this sends an unmistakable signal to American industry: The U.S. is open for drone innovation—and American manufacturing will be rewarded.” (“FCC announces ban on new Chinese-made drones over national security concerns,” Fox News, 23 December 2025)

China’s envoy to the UN accuses the US of coercion over the Venezuelan oil seizure
On 23 December, Chinese envoy to the UN, Deputy Representative, Sun Lei, accused the US that they are violating international law and destabilising the Caribbean region. The US is currently seizing Venezuelan oil tankers as it vows to put pressure on Nicolas Maduro’s government. They spoke at the UNSC meeting, where China stated that the US actions under the garb of counternarcotics activities are. Unilateral coercion challenges the sovereignty and freedom of navigation. Lei said: “The US actions and the rhetoric have led to continued tensions in the region, raising serious concerns among regional countries and the international community,” and that “The US actions seriously infringe upon other countries’ sovereignty, security and the legitimate rising interests.” US President Donald Trump announced that there will be a complete and total blockade of Venezuelan oil shipments. China rejected Washington’s justification, arguing that the actions had no basis in international law and posed risks far beyond Venezuela. (“China, Russia clash with US at UN meeting over Venezuela oil seizures and naval pressure,” SCMP, 24 December 2025)

US delays chip tariffs on China to 2027, reports CGTN
On 24 December, CGTN reported that the US will delay its tariff increases against Chinese semiconductor imports to June 2027. This came after a year-long investigation of “Section 101.” United States Trade Representative (USTR) informed “Zero tariff will be charged for the next 18 months on semiconductor imports from China, and future tariff rates will be determined at least 30 days in advance.” It noted that China's acts and policies in the semiconductor industry as "unreasonable." Despite this, the USTR has decided to hold off on an immediate action to impose tariffs. The move is seen as a step to preserve the trade trust between the two countries, and that the Trump administration is seeking to cool any trade hostilities, says CNBC. (“US delays new China chip tariffs until 2027,” CGTN, 24 December 2025)

Former aide to New York Governor charged with working as an agent for China
On 23 December. SCMP reported that a former New York official was charged with acting as a Chinese agent. The jury remained deadlocked on all 19 counts after several days of deliberation in the case of Linda Sun, a former aide to New York governors Kathy Hochul and Andrew Cuomo, on charges of violating the Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA). She and her husband were accused of routing USD 35 million worth of healthcare contracts to favoured suppliers during the pandemic. The case was filed against Sun in 2024 and was charged with peddling influence, visa fraud, alien smuggling and money laundering. (“Mistrial in case of ex-top aide to New York Governor charged with working as China agent,” SCMP, 23 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 23 December 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 251
OUTERSPACE
China attempts to retrieve reusable rocket Long March 12A fails, reports Reuters
On 23 December, Reuters reported that China had failed to get its reusable Long March 12A during the rocket’s inaugural flight. The second stage of the rocket successfully entered its planned orbit. 12A's maiden flight marked China's second attempt at landing and recovering a rocket booster after launch. China has in recent years launched dozens of rockets that deliver satellites into orbit, but has yet to complete a reusable rocket test, which requires the rocket's large lower section. Reusability is crucial to lowering the costs of rocket launches, which would make it cheaper to send satellites into space. (“China's second attempt at completing a reusable rocket test fails,” Reuters, 23 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
China installs new military commanders to oversee Taiwan and Beijing operations, reports The Japan Times
On 23 December, The Japan Times reported that China’s President Xi Jinping appointed a new military leadership in the central and eastern regions, as a purge of top defence leaders had happened. Gen. Yang Zhibin has become commander of the Eastern Theatre Command, responsible for Taiwan operations. Gen. Han Shengyan as the new commander of the Central Theatre Command, which oversees defence forces in the capital Beijing, Tianjin and five other provinces. The former commander of the Taiwan command, Lin Xiangyang, was removed for violating party discipline and laws. Han was serving as commander of the Central Theatre Command’s Air Force, a branch that has so far seen relatively fewer public announcements of corruption purges. (“China replaces military commanders overseeing Beijing and Taiwan operations,” The Japan Times, 23 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China’s Embassy in Cambodia issues a safety warning for Chinese nationals
On 22 December, a Chinese national in Cambodia’s Battambang Province sustained minor injuries after being caught in artillery fire along the Cambodia-Thailand border. The Chinese Embassy in Cambodia said: “Chinese citizens in border areas between Cambodia and Thailand to move to safe locations as soon as possible, and those in other parts of Cambodia to avoid travelling to border regions for the time being. In case of emergency, Chinese nationals are advised to contact local police promptly and seek assistance from the Chinese Embassy in Cambodia.” The Cambodian Ministry of Interior said: “This incident resulted in one civilian house being completely destroyed and one Chinese national being injured.” (“Embassy issues safety reminder after Chinese national injured in Cambodia-Thailand border conflict,” Global Times, 23 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Nepal’s new bank note, printed in China, includes contested regions with India, reports Frontline
On 20 December, Frontline looked at the new Nepali bank note that adds the disputed regions with India; these notes are printed in China. Nepal’s central bank put a new NPR 100 note into circulation, bearing a revised political map that places Kalapani, Lipulekh, and Limpiyadhura within Nepali territory. These regions are claimed by India as part of Uttarakhand’s Pithoragarh district. China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation printed the notes under a contract worth USD 8.99 million. The Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) commissioned the Chinese company to design, print, and deliver 300 million pieces of the new denomination. (“Nepal’s new banknote carries a disputed map, and China’s imprint,” Frontline, 20 December 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
Russia and China pledge support for Venezuela against the US blockade, reports The Guardian
On 23 December, The Guardian reported that China and Russia pledged that they would support Venezuela as it faces a blockade by the US on sanctioned oil tankers. Donald Trump continues to ramp up his pressure campaign on the South American country’s president, Nicolás Maduro. Donald warned and asked Maduro to resign, and that the US will keep or sell the oil it seized off the coast of Venezuela. Trump announced the blockade of all oil tankers that were sanctioned from leaving Venezuela. The number of loaded tankers that have not departed has increased in recent days, leaving millions of barrels of Venezuelan oil stuck on board ships, while customers demand deeper discounts and contract changes to take risky voyages beyond the country’s waters. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that the seizure has been a serious violation of international law. (“Russia and China pledge support for Venezuela as Trump ratchets up pressure on Maduro,” The Guardian, 23 December 2025 )

Russia’s LNG shipments to China increased by 143 per cent in November, reports SCMP
On 23 December, SCMP reported that Russia’s shipments of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to China soared in November. It has become the top energy supplier for China even under the Western sanctions. Imports of LNG from Russia surged 142.6 per cent, year on year, to 1.6 million tonnes, displacing Australia to become one of China’s top two biggest suppliers alongside Qatar last month. Russian LNG accounted for 23.5 per cent of China’s total shipments in November, more than doubling its 11 per cent share from a year prior. Australian shipments of LNG continued to slide, falling 33.6 per cent by volume in November. (“Russian LNG shipments to China surge 143% in November, overtaking Australia,” SCMP, 23 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
China hits the EU with a dairy tariff of 42.7 per cent
On 22 December, Reuters reported that China is planning to impose provisional duties of 42.7 per cent on dairy products imported from the European Union. This is largely seen as a retaliation for the EU’s EV tariffs. The duties will range from 21.9 per cent to 42.7 per cent. They target unsweetened milk and cream and fresh and processed cheeses, including the iconic French Roquefort and Camembert. China's Ministry of Commerce said: “found evidence that EU dairy imports were subsidised and hurting Chinese producers.” European Commission said: “questionable allegations and insufficient evidence" and called the measures "unjustified and unwarranted,” and said: “Right now, the Commission is examining the preliminary determination and will provide comments to the Chinese authorities.” (“China hits EU dairy with tariffs, broadening trade conflict,” Reuters, 22 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China to load more than 100 ICBMs in the silo fields, says Pentagon report
On 23 December, Reuters reported that China loaded 100 intercontinental ballistic missiles across the latest three silo fields. This was based on a Pentagon report, citing the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. China is expanding and modernising its weapons stockpile faster than any other nuclear-armed power, finds the report. It said: “We continue to see no appetite from Beijing for pursuing such measures or more comprehensive arms control discussions,” “China had likely put in more than 100 solid-fuelled DF-31 ICBMs in silo fields close to China's border with Mongolia - the latest in a series of silo sites. The Pentagon had previously reported the existence of the fields but not the number of missiles loaded.” (“Exclusive: China likely loaded more than 100 ICBMs in silo fields, Pentagon report says,” Reuters, 23 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 22 December 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 250
INTERNAL
China courts rule no compensation for an individual charged with sexual harassment, reports SMCP
On 21 December, SCMP reported that the Chinese top court ruled that if an employer fires an employee for sexual harassment, they need not pay compensation to the dismissed workers. This will make it easier for the victims and the employers to take action against such individuals. The court said: “Sexual harassment not only infringes upon the personal rights and interests of workers but also undermines a safe and civilised working environment, which deviates from core socialist values.” The court added that sexual harassment was prohibited under China’s Civil Code, which took effect in 2021. The Civil Code states that workplaces such as government bureaus, enterprises and schools should take reasonable measures to prevent sexual harassment. (“China’s top court sends message to employers on sexual harassment,” SCMP, 21 December 2025)

China proposes draft review on state-owned assets, reports Global Times
On 22 December, Global Times reported that China has taken steps to establish a foundation law on state-owned assets. The draft law submitted for deliberation is structured into seven chapters totalling 62 articles, covering general provisions, responsibilities of the owner of state-owned assets, management of state-owned assets, reporting on state-owned assets, supervision of state-owned assets, legal liability and supplementary provisions. They want to standardise oversight and strengthen management, aiming to ensure their lawful protection and effective utilisation. (“Draft law on state-owned assets enters first review,” Global Times, 22 December 2025)

DEFENCE
China conducts war games between indigenous J-16s and French Rafales, reports SCMP
On 21 December, SCMP reported on China’s PLA war gaming. This included a simulated encounter between Chinese and French fighters. The exercise pitted Chinese J-16 fighters against French Rafales. The Rafales were bested by the Chinese J-10C when they came face to face in a conflict between Indian and Pakistan. CCTV reported that “this year was the first year that the entire People’s Liberation Army and People’s Armed Police Force were promoting pilot war-gaming at scale.” The gathering was attended by 20 units of the military and academies. The army and submarine forces conducted other war games. War games are strategy simulations that realistically model warfare. Professional military war games are used to train officers in tactical and strategic decision-making, test new tactics, and predict trends in future conflicts. (“J-16s vs Rafales: Chinese air force puts jets to the war-game test,” SCMP, 21 December 2025)

China’s production of armour steel increases by 30 per cent, reports SCMP
On 21 December, SCMP reported that China increased its production of armour steel by 30 per cent with increased investments and technological upgrades. This comes in light of Cleveland-Cliffs’ announcement in May of the indefinite closure. They provided military grade steel for tanks and ships. Chinese military supplier Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group said: “solved key technical challenges to allow large-scale production of high-performance armour steel, which has been deployed for manufacturing tanks and armoured vehicles.” Armour steel is a core material for national defence, military industries and special equipment. It possesses extreme properties such as ultra-high strength, hardness, toughness and low thermal conductivity. (“China speeds up armour steel production by 30% as US Conshohocken plant folds,” SCMP, 21 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Indonesia finds Chinese nationals operating drones in restricted areas, reports Asia Times
On 21 December, Asia Times reported on a clash between the Indonesian Army training exercise and Chinese nationals operating drones in a restricted zone. The confrontation happened in Ketapang, West Kalimantan. As the soldiers sought clarification, more foreign workers arrived, and the confrontation escalated. The military reported that “the attackers used machetes, an airsoft gun and an electric shock device. Outnumbered and facing an immediate threat, the soldiers withdrew to prevent further escalation and reported the incident through formal command channels.” Indonesia’s Tanjungpura Military Command authorities detained 29 Chinese nationals who were connected to the site. They found immigration violations, including overstayed permits and discrepancies between registered sponsorships and actual activities. (“Indonesia-China drone clash exposes foreign labor oversight gaps,” Asia Times, 21 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China warns India against stealing its Sixth Dalai Lama, reports SCMP
On 20 December, SCMP reported that China objected to India’s effort to celebrate the 17^th-century Dalai Lama, stating this was an attempt to challenge China’s territory, claims in the region and their control over Tibetan Buddhism. India hosted an international symposium on the sixth Dalai Lama in Tawang, his birthplace. Tawang is the core settlement at the eastern end of the disputed territory between China and India. It is governed by India as the border state of Arunachal Pradesh, while China claims it as Zangnan, or southern Tibet. National Ethnic Affairs Commission published an article which said: “by no means a sincere academic exchange, but rather an instrumentalisation of cultural symbols, attempting to fabricate and fragment history to weave a seemingly ‘reasonable’ veneer for its illegitimate territorial claims.” (“China warns India over poet monk: ‘don’t even think about stealing our sixth Dalai Lama’,” SCMP, 20 December 2025)

China’s Ambassador to Nepal bids farewell as his tenure completes
On 22 December, China’s Ambassador to Nepal Chen Song completed his three-year stay in Nepal. Addressing his depature, he said: “Before I came to Nepal, I was a supporter of China-Nepal friendship. Three years later, I can proudly say that I have become a lifelong friend of the Nepalese and Chinese people.” Ambassador Chen stated that Nepal’s quiet villages and temples left a lasting impression on him. He noted that beyond the country’s natural beauty, it was the warmth, kindness, diligence and encouragement of the Nepalese people that he would miss the most.  He said: “It’s not just the beautiful landscapes that I will miss, but also the people who make them so special.” (“China’s Ambassador Chen Song bids farewell, calls himself lifelong friend of Nepal,” Asia Times, 22 December 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
Chinese workers are returning in thousands to Africa, finds China Africa Research Initiative (CARI)
On 21 December, SCMP reported on a finding by China Africa Research Initiative (CARI) at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies. They found that Chinese workers have been returning to Africa in thousands. This has reversed a decade-long decline and has been signalling towards Chinese coming back for mega projects across the African continent. CARI found that “In 2024, there were 90,793 Chinese workers on contracted projects and labour services on the continent, an increase of about 4 per cent over the 87,078 recorded the previous year.” The increase ended the downward trend that had been there since 2015, the last time the workforce peaked at 263,696. Nearly half of all Chinese workers were concentrated in five continents: Guinea (11,071), the Democratic Republic of Congo (9,694), Egypt (8,170), Angola (7,444) and Nigeria (6,035). (“Chinese workers return to Africa as lucrative job opportunities beckon,” SCMP, 21 December 2025)

CHINA & AMERICAS
US to incur huge loss if involved in Taiwan conflict, finds Pentagon report
On 21 December, SCMP reported on a leaked Pentagon report that showcased heavy US losses should they intervene in the Taiwan conflict. The assessment was called “Overmatch brief.” It stated the People’s Liberation Army’s ability to destroy American fighter planes, large ships and satellites and identified the US military’s supply chain choke points. The brief found that the American warships, such as the USS Gerald R. Ford, the US Navy’s newest aircraft carrier, were “often destroyed.” It also noted that China’s 600 arsenal of hypersonic weapons was difficult to intercept and capable of travelling five times the speed of sound. An opinion piece in the NYT reported that “China now has enough missiles to potentially destroy many of America’s advanced weapons before they come near Taiwan.” It also said: When a senior Biden national security official received the Overmatch brief in 2021, he turned pale as he realised that “every trick we had up our sleeve, the Chinese had redundancy after redundancy.” (“Pentagon’s Taiwan war games reflect US anxiety over PLA power: defence experts,” SCMP, 21 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 19 December 2025, Saturday | Vol 2 No. 249
EXTERNAL
China imposes a penalty on the usage of Starlink satellite in Chinese waters, reports SCMP 
On 19 December, China issued a penalty for foreign vessels linked with Starlink satellites for internet-based services in the Chinese waters. The vessel, which was not identified, was found with a “micro rectangular antenna” installed on its top deck during a routine inspection by maritime law enforcement officers at Ningbo port in Zhejiang province. The Ningbo Maritime Safety Administration said: “illegal use of LEO satellite communication” in Chinese waters was not allowed. The report did not specify what penalty was applied to the vessel or its owner. (“Foreign ship gets penalty for illegally using Starlink within Chinese waters, report says,” SCMP, 19 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan’s opposition parties inform that they will try to impeach the current President of Taiwan
On 19 December, Kuomintang (KMT), Taiwan’s main opposition party and Taiwan People’s Party (TPP) announced that they will try to impeach William Lai, their current President. Convenor of KMT Fu Kun chi said: “Lai must step down and Taiwan must not allow the emergence of figures like Yuan Shikai or Cao Kun.”  The call to impeach the island’s leader is more likely a symbolic gesture than a practical possibility. It would require the vast majority to least 76 legislators to agree. However, the opposition camp only holds 62 seats in the 113-seat chamber. The calls for impeachment come as the Taiwanese government refuses to enforce amendments passed by the opposition-controlled legislature last month on local government funding, a move that has sparked controversy and deepened a political stand-off in Taipei. (“Taiwan’s opposition lawmakers vow to impeach leader William Lai,” SCMP, 19 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China’s military build has security implications for Japan, says the defence ministry
On 19 December, SCMP reported that Japan’s Ministry of National Defence stated that the Chinese military build-up can have a serious impact on Japanese security. The report said: “[China] is broadly and rapidly strengthening its military capabilities, centred on its maritime and air forces as well as its nuclear and missile forces ... Its active military activities have created a situation that could have a serious impact on Japan’s security.” Japan had closely monitored People’s Liberation Army (PLA) activities stretching across the first island chain. This comes in light of soaring tensions between Japan and China. Japan, which says China’s 2025 defence budget is more than four times its own, is reportedly eyeing a significant bump in military spending for the coming year. (“China’s military build-up could ‘seriously’ affect Japan’s security, Tokyo warns,” SCMP, 19 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China files a complaint against Indian tariffs to the WTO, reports Reuters
On 19 December, Reuters reported that China filed a case against India’s tariffs on information and communications technology products and Indian photovoltaic subsidies with the World Trade Organisation. They said: “Give India's domestic industries an unfair competitive advantage, harm Chinese interests.”  And that “We once again urge India to abide by its relevant commitments at the WTO and immediately correct its erroneous practices.” This was reported by China’s Ministry of Commerce in a statement. (“China files WTO case against Indian tariffs, subsidies,” Reuters, 19 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
US lawmakers urge the Pentagon to add dozens of Chinese firms to their military-linked list, reports SCMP
On 20 December, US Republican lawmakers sent a letter to US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth. The letter urged to ass more than a dozen Chinese technology frims to its list of companies alleged to have links to the Chinese military. This comes after the US President Donald Trump’s administration signed a bill to restrict Chinese investments into their federal contracts. SCMP reported that these firms are Gotion High-Tech; chip companies Hua Hong Semiconductor, Kingsemi and Shennan Circuit; display and imaging companies BOE Technology Group and Tianma Microelectronics; sensing, surveillance and robotics firms CloudMinds, LeiShen, Livox, RoboSense, Tiandy Technologies, Unitree Robotics; and biotech firm GenScript Group. (“US lawmakers urge Pentagon to add DeepSeek, Xiaomi to China military-linked firms list,” SCMP, 20 December 2025)

China is helping to rebuild Micronesia's airfield, reports SCMP
On 19 December, SCMP reported that China is helping with the rebuilding of a World War II-era airfield in Micronesia. This has raised alarms United States, with US defence analysts warning about Beijing’s growing footprint in the strategic western Pacific. Foundation for Defence of Democracies, analyst, Cleo Paskal said: “Chinese company at work rebuilding the old Imperial Japanese runway on Woleai, Yap, Federated States of Micronesia – a bit over 600 miles from Guam. Scheduled to be completed by the end of the month.” (“China’s rebuilding of Micronesian airport runway raises alarm in US,” SCMP, 19 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 18 December 2025, Friday | Vol 2 No. 248
INTERNAL
China’s unemployment rate has reduced by 16.9 per cent, reports SCMP
On 18 December, SCMP reported that China’s youth unemployment rate had lowered in November. National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) revealed that the jobless rate for those aged 16 to 24, excluding students, fell to 16.9 per cent in November from 17.3 per cent in October. The rate has eased since August, when the graduation of a record 12.2 million university students over the summer pushed it to 18.9 per cent, the highest level since the data set was adjusted in 2023 to exclude students. Xinhua reported that “Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission acknowledged that industrial upgrading and the development of new technologies were among the challenges facing the job market.” (“China’s jobless rate for young people eases to 16.9% as graduates settle for less,” SCMP, 18 December 2025)

EXTERNAL
G7 ministers condemn Jimmy Lai’s conviction, reports Al-Jazeera
On 18 December, Al-Jazeera reported that the foreign ministers of the G7 countries had condemned the prosecution of the pro-democracy tycoon Jimmy Lai by the Hong Kong court. A panel of three judges found the 78-year-old media tycoon guilty of two counts of conspiring with foreign forces to threaten national security and one count of conspiracy to publish seditious material. Lai faces possible life imprisonment. In a brief joint statement issued by G7 members Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, they said: “We continue to express our concerns about deteriorating rights, freedoms and autonomy in Hong Kong.” A spokesperson from the Chinese embassy in Canada said: “We urge the relevant parties to respect China’s sovereignty and Hong Kong’s rule of law, and to immediately stop interfering in Hong Kong’s judicial affairs and China’s internal affairs.” (“G7 calls for Jimmy Lai’s release, China slams ‘interference’ in its affairs,” Al-Jazeera, 18 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
US approves USD 11 billion in arms sales to Taiwan, reports Al-Jazeera
On 18 December, Al-Jazeera reported that the US has approved USD 11.1 billion of arms sales to Taiwan. This is the largest-ever weapons package for the self-ruled island, which Beijing has promised to unify with mainland China. The US State Department announced the deal during a nationally televised address by President Donald Trump. Weapons in the proposed sale include 82 High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems, or HIMARS, and 420 Army Tactical Missile Systems, or ATACMS. They are worth more than USD 4 billion in defence systems. This is similar to what they have been providing to the US to defend against the Russians. The deal also includes 60 self-propelled howitzer artillery systems and related equipment, other than that military software valued at more than USD 1 billion, Javelin and TOW missiles worth more than USD 700 million, helicopter spare parts worth $96m and refurbishment kits for Harpoon missiles worth USD 91 million. (“US approves $11bn in arms sales to Taiwan in deal likely to anger China,” Al-Jazeera, 18 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China calls on Japan to ponder its historical crimes, says the envoy to the UN
On 19 December, Chinese envoy to the UN, Fu Cong, said: “Japan, as a defeated country in World War II, must do deep soul-searching regarding its historical crimes, abide by the political commitments it made on the Taiwan question, immediately stop provocative actions that cross the line, and retract its erroneous remarks.” He urged the international community to firmly oppose any words or actions that challenge or seek to subvert the post-war international order. And that “Japanese aggressors committed innumerable crimes and atrocities in Taiwan, killing over 650,000 Taiwan compatriots, forcibly recruiting around 200,000 young people to serve in the military, forcing more than 2,000 Taiwan women to become ‘comfort women,’ occupying 70 per cent of Taiwan's land, and destructively exploiting natural resources, including coal and gold mines.” (“China urges Japan to do soul-searching regarding its historical crimes,” CGTN, 19 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
China and Ukraine hold political consultations
On 19 December, China's Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs Liu Bin held political consultations with the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, Serhiy Kyslytsya. Liu said: “Guided by the principles of mutual respect and trust, mutual understanding and accommodation, and mutual benefit and reciprocity, the two sides have achieved fruitful outcomes in cooperation across fields such as economy and trade, agriculture, science and technology, and people-to-people and cultural exchanges.” China stands ready to work with Ukraine to follow through on the important consensus reached by the two heads of state and promote the steady and sustained development of bilateral relations. Kyslytsya said:  “Ukraine attaches great importance to its relations with China, adheres to the one-China principle, and is willing to further deepen exchanges and cooperation in various fields to push for continued progress in Ukraine-China relations.” (“China, Ukraine hold political consultations between foreign ministries,” CGTN, 19 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
China cuts its US treasury holdings to, lowest since 2008, reports SCMP
On 19 December, SMCP reported that China reduced its US treasury holdings, which became the lowest in the last 17 years. The country’s stockpile fell to USD 688.7 billion in October, down from USD 700.5 billion in September, according to US Treasury Department data. Wind reported that October’s figure was the lowest level reported since November 2008 and marked a plunge of more than 47 per cent from the nearly USD 1.32 trillion peak reached in November 2013. This retreat started during US President Donald Trump’s first year. The trend has continued this year amid persistent worries about US debt sustainability. (“China cuts US Treasury holdings to lowest level since 2008 amid debt ceiling fears,” SCMP, 19 December 2025)

TikTok signs deal with the new set of US-based investor groups, reports SCMP
On 19 December, SCMP reported that TikTok signed a binding agreement to divest its US entity into a joint venture controlled by a consortium of American investors. The deal, which has received the backing of US President Donald Trump, effectively averted a looming nationwide ban and secured the platform’s future for its 170 million American users. TikTok USDS Joint Venture LLC is set to come into effect in 2026. This deal restructures the ownership of the company and makes it in line with the US National Security rules. It will also have the exclusive right and authority to provide assurances that content, software and data for American users is secure. Under this deal, Oracle, Silver Lake, and Abu Dhabi-based MGX will hold 50 per cent of the US entity, with each owning 15 per cent. Affiliates of existing ByteDance investors will hold 30.1 per cent, while ByteDance, the original Chinese parent company, will retain 19.9 per cent. (“TikTok reaches deal on new US venture with American investor group,” SCMP, 19 December 2025)

Trump signs the National Defence Authorisation Act, restricting Chinese investments in federal contracts
On 18 December, US President Donald Trump signed a defence bill that will restrict US outbound investment in Chinese technology and curb federal contracts with Chinese biotechnology companies. National Defence Authorisation Act (NDAA) cleared both the House of Representatives and the Senate. The Senate passed the bill with a 77-20 vote, following its passage in the House 312-112. SCMP reports that the version included in this year’s NDAA does not name specific companies but rather directs the executive branch to come up with a list of “biotechnology companies of concern” that would be blocked from federal contracts, grants or loans. (“Trump signs defence bill restricting investment in Chinese tech, military firms,” SCMP, 19 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 17 December 2025, Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 246
INTERNAL
Xi hears a report on Hong Kong from the Chief Executive of HKSAR
On 16 December, China’s President Xi Jinping met with the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), John Lee, in Beijing. Xi heard a report by Lee on Hong Kong’s current situation. Xi also stated that China recognises the work of Lee and the HKSAR government. Xi said: “HKSAR government to align actively with the national 15th Five-Year Plan, uphold and improve its executive-led government, promote high-quality economic development, and extensively participate in the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, so that Hong Kong integrates into and serves the overall national development in an improved manner.” (“Xi hears report from HKSAR chief executive,” Xinhua, 16 December 2025)

ECONOMY
China's Hainan Free Trade Port to begin island-wide special customs operation, reports CGTN
On 16 December, CGTN reported that China's Hainan Free Trade Port (FTP) will officially begin island-wide special customs operations on 18 December. This is a huge step towards China to align with its high-standard international economic and trade rules. China's institutional opening up is entering a new phase and is expected to generate strong demonstration effects for the country's 21 other pilot free trade zones (FTZs). The program first began in 2013 with the launch of the Shanghai Pilot Free Trade Zone. Over the last 12 years, the program has expanded through seven rounds and has a nationwide network with 22 FTZs. (“From Shanghai to Hainan: China's 22 free trade zones fuel high-quality openness,” CGTN, 16 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Japan retreats its stance on Taiwan, says China’s Foreign Ministry
On 16 December, China accused Japan of attempting to mislead the public and hoping that the issue would resolve itself. This comes after Japan’s Foreign Minister selectively quoted its position on Taiwan from a joint communique that was the foundation of establishing diplomatic ties with mainland China in 1972. Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi repeated Tokyo’s position on Taiwan but did not read the part that reflected China’s stance on Taiwan. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that Motegi’s reiteration of the relevance of their stance. Spokesperson Guo Jiankun said: “But we also noted that the Japanese side did not reiterate the Japanese government’s recognition that the government of the People’s Republic of China is the sole legal government of China, or that Taiwan is an inalienable part of the territory of the People’s Republic of China.” (“Japan spelled out its stance on Taiwan. It’s what Tokyo didn’t say that angers Beijing,” SCMP, 16 December 2025)

China builds facilities in the Yellow Sea, reports US-based think tank
On 16 December, SCMP reported that China is building maritime facilities in the contested part of the Yellow Sea, which will lead to scrutiny by South Korea. US US-based think tank Centre for Strategic and International Studies informed that there has been a growing presence of Chinese activities around the Provisional Measures Zone (PMZ) in the Yellow Sea. Beijing was building buoys in the area and could not rule out the possibility that they could have military uses. Both South Korea and China have overlapping claims relating to their exclusive economic zones in the PMZ. The report said: “The Chinese buoys had a lighthouse-style design with a circular floating base, central vertical tower and an upper platform, and appeared to be consistent with a standardised 10-metre (33-foot) ocean environmental monitoring buoy.” (“China’s build-up of Yellow Sea facilities expected to fuel South Korean suspicions,” SCMP, 16 December 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
Russia-China construction of gas route progressing, says China’s ambassador to Russia
On 17 December, China’s ambassador to Moscow, Zhang Hanhui, informed a Russian news agency, RIA, that their construction is progressing on a planned Far Eastern route to supply Russian natural gas to China. The Far Eastern route is designed to send gas from Russia’s Pacific coast to China via a new branch link connected to Russia's Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok pipeline system. Export activities are scheduled to start in 2027, and China will import an additional 2 billion cubic meters from Russia yearly. Zhang said: “Construction of the Far Eastern route for natural gas supplies from Russia to China is steadily progressing.” (“Russia-China Far Eastern gas route construction progressing, China ambassador to Russia tells RIA,” Reuters, 17 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Chinese ambassador condemns Britain’s remarks on Hong Kong’s National Security Law
On 15 December, China’s Ambassador to the UK Zheng Zeguang complained about the British Foreign Secretary's remarks on the conviction of Jimmy Lai. Zheng stated that his statement was irresponsible and that it smears the National Security Law of Hong Kong. He said: “Such remarks constitute a gross interference in China's internal affairs, trample on the spirit of the rule of law, and seriously violate the basic norms governing international relations.” He added, “Any attempt by Britain to interfere in Hong Kong's judicial affairs will only further expose its malicious intent to destabilise Hong Kong and provoke society-wide indignation in Hong Kong, and will get nowhere.” (“Chinese ambassador condemns Britain's remarks on Hong Kong, lodges solemn representations,” CGTN, 16 December 2025)

China imposes anti-dumping duties of 19.8 per cent on pork from the EU
On 16 December, China’s Ministry of Commerce reported that it will impose 19.8 per cent tariffs on pork from the EU. This is a drastic drop from the initial 62.4 per cent tariffs. This is an investigation the Chinese side launched into imports of pork from the trading bloc after the EU imposed provisional tariffs on China-made electric vehicles. China also imposed anti-dumping duties on European brandy. The ministry said: ‘EU was dumping pork and pig by-products in China, selling them at prices below production costs or domestic market prices, and harming China’s pork industry. The final tariff rates of 4.9%-19.8% are due to take effect beginning Wednesday and last for five years.” (“China puts anti-dumping tariff of up to 19.8% on imports of pork from the EU,” AP, 16 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Senior officials meet for the 19th annual US-China Defence Policy Coordination talks, reports SCMP
On 17 December, the SCMP reported that senior US and Chinese defence officials met in Washington this week as part of renewed military-to-military communication, known as the “19th annual US-China Defence Policy Coordination Talks”, as the two countries seek to stabilise their ties. Alvaro Smith, a deputy assistant secretary of defence for China, Taiwan and Mongolia at the Pentagon, met with China’s Major General Ye Jiang, Deputy Director of the Central Military Commission Office for International Military Cooperation. This is the first in-person meeting between the two countries’ defence chiefs under Donald Trump’s second tenure. Pentagon said: “Smith highlighted the department’s ‘support for a wider range of military-to-military communications’ with the People’s Liberation Army “to support strategic stability as well as crisis deconfliction and de-escalation, more broadly.” (“Senior US and Chinese defence officials meet as ‘military-to-military’ dialogue continues,” SCMP, 17 December 2025)

China seizes 430 kg of cocaine after a tip from the US, reports SCMP
On 16 December, SCMP reported that the Chinese authorities were able to intercept 430 kg of cocaine with a tip from the US. This showcased the possible cooperation on their agreement to counter narcotics. The drugs were found inside an international container at Yantian port in Shenzhen, part of Southern China. China’s Ministry of Public Security said: “The two sides had worked on multiple cases together and maintained ‘close communication’, including holding video conferences, exchanging progress updates and discussing major areas for future cooperation.” And that “China will cooperate with the US on the basis of equality and mutual respect to jointly tackle the prominent global drug issue.” (“China seizes 430kg cocaine aided by US intel, in sign anti-drug pact may be working,” SCMP, 16 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 16 December 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 245
DEFENSE
China’s newest main battle tank, "Type 99B," upgraded for higher altitude, reports SCMP 
On 15 December, SCMP reported that China’s newest main battle tanks, the Type 99B, were designed to perform better in high-altitude and cold-weather operations. The tank is the latest of the Type 99 armoured vehicles and was among the military hardware unveiled during China’s huge Victory Day parade in Beijing. CCTV reported that the upgraded model has a raft of new features. It was shown going through testing of its driving capabilities and electronic systems in diverse terrain, as well as live-fire exercises. The tank has information-based command and communication capabilities and its integrated firepower. (“Chinese main battle tank, upgraded for high altitudes, could be sent to border with India,” SCMP, 15 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan to tighten conscription exemption law, reports SCMP
On 16 December, SCMP reported that Taiwan has moved to tighten its conscription rules as a series of high-profile cases revealed that celebrities and young men were circumventing them. By forging false medical documents to evade mandatory military service. Taiwan’s Ministry of Defence announced a draft amendment for its physical classification standards, revoking eligibility for exemption, alternative service and regular service in what officials described as a bid to close long-standing loopholes and restore fairness to the draft system. If the legislators approve, the exemption criteria would be sharply narrowed. Only individuals with a body mass index (BMI) above 45 or a height of 144cm (4 feet 7 inches) or below would qualify for exemption. Previously, exemptions were given to men with a BMI above 35 or extreme height measurements. (“Taiwan moves to tighten conscription rules after high-profile draft dodging,” SCMP, 16 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China-Japan tension: Chinese UN envoy urges Japan to retract their erroneous remarks
On 16 December, China’s permanent representative to the UN, Fu Cong, spoke during the UN Security Council on "Leadership for Peace." Called for Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi to withdraw her erroneous remarks.  Fu said her remarks: “constitute a crude interference in China's internal affairs, violate Japan's commitments as a defeated country in World War II, challenge the outcomes of the war and the postwar international order, and run counter to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, posing serious risks to regional and global peace.” And that “the lessons of World War II remain clear. Eighty years ago, Japanese militarism used the pretext of a "survival crisis" and "self-defense" to launch aggression, bringing disaster to China, Asia and the world. China will not allow militarism or fascism to resurface, he said, urging Japan to retract its remarks, seriously reflect on its history and stop moving further down a wrong path.” (“Chinese envoy urges Japan to retract its erroneous remarks on Taiwan,” CGTN, 16 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China-Philippines tensions: China accuses the Philippines of provocation near the Sabina Shoal
On 15 December, SCMP reported that China accused the Philippines of  “premeditated” provocation and dangerous manoeuvres near a disputed reef in the South China Sea, and Washington of making false statements that have escalated tensions in the region. The Philippines claims that its fishing boats in the Sabina Shoal were targeted with water cannons by Chinese coast guards, while the Chinese side said that the Philippines threatened Chinese officers. Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Guo Jiakun said: “The measures taken by China were necessary to safeguard its territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, were reasonable and lawful, professional and restrained, and beyond reproach.” (“China accuses Philippines of ‘premeditated’ provocations near Sabina Shoal,” SCMP, 15 December 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
China’s Foreign Minister meets his Jordanian counterpart and affirms strategic cooperation
On 15 December, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with Jordanian Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ayman Safadi in Amman. Wang Yi said: “China supports Jordan in safeguarding its national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity, as well as playing its unique and important role in regional and international affairs, Wang said. He added that China supports Jordan in pursuing a path of national rejuvenation featuring prosperity for the country and well-being for the people.” Safadi said: “Jordan highly appreciates China's upholding of fairness and justice on the Palestinian question and for speaking out with a just voice in the international community.” And that “Jordan looks forward to continued communication and coordination with China to make greater efforts toward a comprehensive and lasting settlement of the Palestinian question and the realisation of regional peace and stability.” (“Wang Yi meets with Jordanian Foreign Minister Ayman Safadi,” CGTN, 15 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Mexico defends its tariffs on Chinese and other Asian partners 
On 15 December, Mexico’s Economy Secretary Marcelo Ebrard defended their decision to impose tariffs on imports from China and other Asian countries.  He stated that this move is to protect hundreds and thousands of domestic jobs rather than provoking other countries. The tariff package, approved by Congress last week, will take effect on January 1 and introduce duties ranging from five to 50 per cent on 1,463 products from countries without trade agreements with Mexico. These include China, India, South Korea, Indonesia, Brazil and Turkey. This is ten times more than its ten Asian partners, excluding Japan. (“Mexico stands by 50 per cent tariffs on Chinese goods, says move will protect 350,000 jobs,” SCMP, 16 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 15 December 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 244
INTERNAL
China to cover childbirth out-of-pocket costs to curb the demographic crisis, reports SCMP
On 14 December, SCMP reported that China is expanding its national healthcare insurance program to fully cover expenses related to childbirth. The pledge to widen the medical insurance coverage was unveiled at a national healthcare security conference. This is to tackle the looming demographic crisis that undermines growth. National Healthcare Security Administration Director Zhang Ke informed that “[We will] appropriately improve the level of prenatal medical expense coverage, striving to achieve nationwide launch of ‘no out-of-pocket expenses’ for baby deliveries.” And that they will improve the level of coverage for prenatal checkups and expenses. (“China to fully cover childbirth costs for all as fertility crisis sparks economic alarm,” SCMP, 14 December 2025)

Hong Kong’s last opposition party disbands
On 14 December, Hong Kong’s major opposition party was disbanded after a vote by its members. This ends the last of the remaining liberal voices in Hong Kong after the crackdown by China. The Democratic Party has been Hong Kong's flagship opposition since its founding three years before the financial hub's return to Chinese rule from Britain in 1997. It used to sweep city-wide legislative elections and push China toward democratic reforms and upholding freedom. The party’s chairman, Lo Kin Hei, said: “To have journeyed through these three decades, shoulder to shoulder with the people of Hong Kong, has been our greatest honour. Throughout these years, we have always treated the well-being of Hong Kong and its people as our guiding purpose.” (“Hong Kong's last opposition party votes to disband under China pressure,” Reuters, 15 December 2025)

Pro-Democracy tycoon  Jimmy Lai found guilty under the National Security Law
On 15 December, the BBC reported that Hong Kong pro-democracy campaigner and media tycoon Jimmy Lai was found guilty of conspiring with foreign actors and a national security law was imposed against him. The 78-year-old, who has been in jail since December 2020, pleaded not guilty. He faces life in prison and is expected to be sentenced early next year. Hong Kong's chief executive John Lee said: “damaged the country's interests and the welfare of Hong Kongers", but rights groups called it "a cruel judicial farce.” Lai, a UK citizen and one of the fiercest critics of the Chinese state, was a key figure in the pro-democracy protests that engulfed Hong Kong in 2019. (“Pro-democracy Hong Kong tycoon Jimmy Lai found guilty of colluding with foreign forces,” BBC, 15 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China imposes sanctions on Japanese defence officials
On 15 December, China announced countermeasures against the former chief of staff of Japan's Self-Defence Forces (SDF), Shigeru Iwasaki. On charges of violating the One China policy and interfering in China’s internal affairs. This comes in light of the ongoing feud between China and Japan over Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s statement. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said: “The countermeasures include visa restrictions, freezing Iwasaki's properties, and prohibiting any transactions or cooperation with him.” This measure appears to be in response to his appointment as the adviser of the Taiwanese Cabinet. This is the second Japanese national China has sanctioned this year, after it imposed similar measures on lawmaker Hei Seki. (“China launches countermeasures against former Japan defense official,” The Japan Times, 15 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
China and Pakistan conclude "Warrior-IX" joint anti-terrorist exercise
On 14 December, China and Pakistan conducted "Warrior-IX" joint anti-terrorist exercise, completed their 10-plus-day mixed-group training and live-force drills in Pakistan. The exercise focused on joint anti-terrorist elimination and suppression operations." Both sides' troops conducted live-fire and live-force drills at the National Counter Terrorism Centre (NCTC) in Pabbi, Pakistan. They also completed drone reconnaissance and countermeasures, joint fire strikes, and airborne assaults, testing the real-combat effectiveness of joint counter-terrorism operations. (“China-Pakistan "Warrior-IX" joint anti-terrorist exercise wraps up,” China Military, 15 December 2025)

China and Nepal conduct the Himalayan Rim Regional Film Exhibition
 On 14 December. China and Nepal commence their 2025 Himalayan Rim Regional Film Exhibition in Nepal's Tribhuvan University in Kathmandu. The theme of the event was “Civilizational Mutual Learning, Technological Innovation.” Xinhua reported that the event began with an opening featuring an AI-produced promotional short film, followed by the screening of The Spirit of the Mountains, an AIGC (AI-Generated Content) full-process animated short film that showcased the unique synergy between artificial intelligence and traditional culture. (“Chinese film exhibition kicks off in Nepal,” Xinhua, 14 December 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
China urges Gulf countries to sign the Free Trade Agreement, reports The Straits Times
On 15 December, The Straits Times reported that China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi urged to Gulf Cooperation Council to kickstart the Free Trade Agreement with China and end the long-running talks. Wang Yi is on a three-nation visit to and tour to the Middle East, which began in the UAE and is expected to end in Jordan. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said: “The talks have lasted for more than 20 years, and conditions for all aspects are basically mature; it is time to make a final decision.” Wang Yi also stated that this will send a strong signal to the world about multilateralism. (“China urges Gulf nations to seal free trade agreement,” The Straits Times, 15 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Nvidia considers selling H200 chips to China, reports Reuters
On 15 December, Reuters reported that Nvidia is considering selling their H200 chips and is asking Chinese officials to add production capacity. This comes after the US administration under Donald Trump announced that it would allow the export of H200 chips and would collect a 25 per cent fee on the sale. Nvidia said: “We are managing our supply chain to ensure that licensed sales of the H200 to authorized customers in China will have no impact on our ability to supply customers in the United States.” Chinese government is yet to approve this purchase of H200 chips. The supply of H200 chips has been a major concern for Chinese clients, and they have reached out to Nvidia seeking clarification on this matter. (“Exclusive: Nvidia considers increasing H200 chip output due to robust China demand, sources say,” Reuters, 15 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 13 December 2025, Saturday | Vol 2 No. 243
INTERNAL
China holds a 12th national memorial for Nanjing Massacre victims
On 13 December, the 12th National Memorial Day was observed to honour the 300,000 victims killed by Japanese troops during the Nanjing Massacre, as this year marks the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II. The Nanjing Massacre took place when Japanese troops captured the then-Chinese capital on December 13, 1937. Over the course of six weeks, they proceeded to kill approximately 300,000 Chinese civilians and unarmed soldiers in one of the most barbaric episodes of WWII. This year also commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. (“China holds national memorial for Nanjing Massacre victims, calling for remembrance of history,” CGTN, 13 December 2025)

OUTERSPACE
China launches Kuaizhou-11 Y8 carrier rocket, a commercial space experimental spacecraft
On 13 December, China launched the Kuaizhou-11 Y8 carrier rocket, carrying a commercial space experimental spacecraft and a secondary satellite. It was launched from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China’s Gansu Province and successfully sent the payloads into the planned orbit. Global Times stated that the successful launch marks the spacecraft’s entry into commercial operations and represents a new stage in the development of China’s private space sector. It also lays the foundation for broader space science research, technology verification, application development and cargo transport. (“China launched Kuaizhou-11 Y8 carrier rocket, marking new stage of commercial operations for private cargo spacecraft,” Global Times, 13 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan detects nine 9 Chinese sorties, 7 naval vessels near the Strait
On 13 December, Taiwan's Ministry of National Defence detected nine sorties of Chinese Military Aircraft and seven naval vessels operating around its territorial waters. Six of the nine crossed the median line of the Taiwan Straits and entered the northern and southwestern Air Defence Identification Zone (ADIZ). The ministry post said: “9 sorties of PLA aircraft and 7 PLAN vessels operating around Taiwan were detected up until 6 a.m,  4 out of 9 sorties crossed the median line and entered Taiwan's northern and southwestern ADIZ. We have monitored the situation and responded.” On 12 December, Taiwan's MND detected 33 sorties of Chinese Military Aircraft and seven naval vessels operating around its territorial waters.(“Taiwan records 9 Chinese sorties, 7 naval vessels around its territory,” Business Standard, 13 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China and South Korea meet to discuss the second phase of the FTA
On 13 December, China’s Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao met with his South Korean counterpart, Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy Kim Jung-kwan, in Beijing. This meeting was to move ahead towards the second phase of the China-ROK Free Trade Agreement (FTA). Ministry reported that the two ministers exchanged views on implementing the important consensus reached by the two countries' leaders, advancing the second-phase FTA negotiations, consolidating cooperation in traditional sectors, expanding collaboration in emerging areas, and promoting the quality upgrading of China-ROK economic and trade cooperation. Wang said: “The recent meeting between the leaders of China and the ROK reached an important consensus on promoting the sound and stable development of bilateral relations, providing strategic guidance for bilateral economic and trade ties.” Kim said: “ROK is willing to strengthen communication and coordination with China under regional and multilateral frameworks to jointly safeguard the multilateral trading system.” (“China, ROK to speed up second-phase FTA negotiations,” CGTN, 13 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
India opens speed visas for Chinese professionals and business
On 12 December, India opens speed business visas for Chinese professionals. This is a major step taken to boost ties. India had blocked virtually all Chinese visits after the nuclear-armed neighbours clashed on their Himalayan frontier in mid-2020, widening its vetting of business visas beyond the home and foreign ministries. Though the Indian ministries refuse to answer, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that they are noticing some positive action by India and their people-to-people exchanges. The Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiankun said: “China is willing to maintain communication and consultation with India to continuously enhance the level of facilitation of exchanges.” (“Exclusive: India frees up visas for Chinese professionals in key step to boost ties,” Reuters, 12 December 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
China’s Foreign Minister on West Asian tour
On 12 December, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with his UAE counterpart, pledging to have deeper cooperation in oil and gas and infrastructure with the Gulf country. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement that “Wang, on a three-nation tour of the Middle East that began on Friday, held talks with UAE Foreign Minister Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed in Abu Dhabi.” Wang Yi said: “China is willing to strengthen high-level exchanges with the UAE, consolidate political mutual trust and elevate bilateral relations.” (“China's Wang Yi seeks deeper oil and gas ties with UAE on Middle East tour,” The Economic Times, 13 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
EU to impose fee on overseas platforms like Shein and Temu
On 13 December, SCMP reported that the EU will collect a euro flat fee for each small parcel below USD 150 coming from a non-EU country. This comes after the EU finance ministers’ meeting in Brussels. The move, set to kick in next July, marks a milestone in Europe’s fight, led by France, against the influx of small parcels, mostly from Chinese platforms such as Temu and Shein, entering the union tax-free. French Finance Minister said: “Today is a big day for Europe, a big day for France, but above all a big day for our citizens, producers and retailers.” The fee will apply to all small parcels directly sent from non-EU countries to European customers. (“EU targets China’s Shein and Temu with new fees on low-value parcels,” SCMP, 12 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
US intercepts cargo travelling from China to Iran, reports Aj-Jazeera
On 12 December, Al-Jazeera reported that US forces raided a cargo ship travelling from China to Iran last month. There is increasingly aggressive maritime tactics by the administration of US President Donald Trump. Unnamed officials told the newspaper that US military personnel boarded the ship several hundred miles from Sri Lanka. It was the first time in several years that US forces had intercepted cargo travelling from China to Iran. A US official claimed that this is potentially useful for Iran’s conventional weapons. The ship was allowed to proceed following the interdiction, which involved special operation forces. (“US forces stormed cargo ship travelling from China to Iran: Report,” Al Jazeera, 12 December 2025)

China’s larger underwater drones threaten the US West Coast, says Naval News
On 12 December, Naval News reported that China’s new underwater drones can threaten US West Coast. It said: “The appearance of new extra-extra-large underwater drones (XXLUUVs) changes this, providing China with low-risk options to threaten West Coast ports directly.” China is testing two models of extra-large underwater drones (XXLUUVs) in the South China Sea. The largest underwater drones in the world by some margin, they rival crewed submarines in terms of size. They will have a range of approximately 10,000 nautical miles. (“China’s New Underwater Drones Could Threaten West Coast U.S.,” Naval News, 12 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 12 December 2025, Friday | Vol 2 No. 242
DEFENSE
China’s first large drone carrier, “Jiu Tian,” completes flight test
On 12 December, the SCMP reported that China’s aerial drone carrier, Jiu Tian, had completed its first flight. Xinhua reported that the Jiu Tian, which is itself a large drone, took to the air for the first time in the northwestern province of Shaanxi. And that it is designed by the First Aircraft Institute of the state-owned aerospace giant Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), the carrier drone “leverages independent, integrated technological innovation to deliver core advantages, including heavy payload capacity, high service ceiling, wide speed range and short take-off and landing capabilities. (“First flight of China’s giant drone carrier Jiu Tian signals PLA swarm capacity boost,” SCMP, 12 December 2025)

ECONOMY
China holds its Central Economic Work Conference
On 11 December, Global Times on China’s Central Economic Work Conference, aimed to prioritise for the economic work in 2026. The meeting reported that “China will implement more proactive and impactful macroeconomic policies, formulate more far-sighted, more targeted and better-coordinated policies, continuously expand domestic demand and optimise supply, and develop new quality productive forces according to local conditions.” China’s President Xi Jinping attended the meeting and informed attendees that he had reviewed China’s economy in 2025, noting it was an extraordinary year for both the economy and social development. (“Key meeting maps out plan for China’s economic work in 2026,” Global Times, 12 December 2025)

EXTERNAL
China’s actions affecting regional peace, says Japan’s Defence Minister to his US counterpart
On 12 December, Japan’s Defence Minister, meeting with his US counterpart Pete Hegseth, stated that China’s actions are not conducive to regional peace. Hegseth and Shinjiro Koizumi “exchanged candid views on the increasingly severe security situation in the Indo-Pacific region, including the radar incident,” informed the ministry. And that “expressed serious concern over any actions to increase regional tensions, as China’s actions are not conducive to regional peace and stability.” US Statement said: “Secretary Hegseth and Defense Minister Koizumi reaffirmed the importance of the US-Japan Alliance and underscored their commitment to deterring aggression in the Asia-Pacific.” (“US, Japan defense chiefs say China harming regional peace,” Arab News, 12 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China calls to get Japan Unit 731 to court for crimes against humanity, reports SCMP
On 12 December, SCMP reported on a Chinese archaeologist calling to bring Japan’s Unit 731 to court for crimes against humanity, as they did not face a comparable legal reckoning. The covert unit conducted lethal human experiments that killed at least 3,000 people and biological warfare attacks that led to hundreds of thousands of civilian deaths. China estimates that more than 300,000 civilians and soldiers died during the six-week slaughter from December 13, 1937, in the city known today as Nanjing. Archaeologists Wang Xiaohua and Xue Kaifan from the Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology claim that the units’ conduct meets the definition of crime against humanity. (“China urged to bring Japan’s Unit 731 to court for crimes against humanity,” SCMP, 12 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Nepal imposes corruption charges against Chinese contractors in the Pokhara airport construction case
On 11 December, Reuters reported that the anti-graft committee in Nepal charged 55 officials and a Chinese contracting company with corruption charges at Pokhara airport. The Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA) filed the case at the anti-corruption Special Court on Sunday, charging the officials and the Chinese firm with illegally inflating the cost of building the Pokhara International Airport by more than USD 74 million. It said: “The Special Court will now send notices to each of those charged in the case and begin hearing only after receiving statements from them. We cannot say now when the court will finish the hearing and give a judgment.” (“Nepal charges 55 officials, Chinese firm in airport graft case, officials say,” Reuters, 12 December 2025)

CHINA & AMERICAS
US Democrat committee urges Rubio to halt China’s rise in the Arctic, reports SCMP
On 12 December, SCMP reported that the US senior Democrat on a US congressional committee urged Secretary of State Marco Rubio to fill the State Department’s vacant post for Arctic affairs, as they stated that China is increasing their presence in the region. Raja Krishnamoorthi said: “At a time when the People’s Republic of China is dramatically expanding its military, economic and scientific presence in the Arctic region, this prolonged vacancy undermines our representation within the Arctic Council and our position in one of the world’s most strategically vital regions.” They noted that China’s behaviour has become more hostile in the past few years, as the Chinese research vessels are increasing their manoeuvring in the region. (“Fill US Arctic affairs post to halt China and Russia’s rise, senior Democrat urges Rubio,” SCMP, 12 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
Mexico approves 50 per cent tariffs on China, reports BBC
On 11 December, the BBC reported on Mexican lawmakers approving a package of new tariffs of 50 per cent. The levies are set to take effect on 1 January 2026 and will apply to goods like metals, cars, clothing and appliances. Dozens of countries that do not have a free trade agreement with Mexico will be affected, including Thailand, India and Indonesia. This will impact 1,400 products from Asia. China’s Ministry of Commerce said: “substantially harm the interests of trading partners, including China.” Mexico’s President Claudia Sheinbaum said: “needed to boost domestic production, were passed by the Mexican Senate.” (“Mexico approves up to 50% tariffs on China and other countries,” BBC, 11 December 2025)

China’s larger underwater drones threaten the US West Coast, says Naval News
On 12 December, Naval News reported that China’s new underwater drones can threaten US West Coast. It said: “The appearance of new extra-extra-large underwater drones (XXLUUVs) changes this, providing China with low-risk options to directly threaten West Coast ports.” China is testing the two models of extra-extra large underwater drones (XXLUUVs) in the South China Sea. The largest underwater drones in the world by some margin, they rival crewed submarines in terms of size. They will have a range of approximately 10,000 nautical miles. (“China’s New Underwater Drones Could Threaten West Coast U.S.,” Naval News, 12 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 08 December 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 241
ECONOMY
China’s foreign trade increased by 3.6 per cent in 2025
On 08 December, Global Times reported that China’s foreign trade increased in the first 11 months of 2025. The total imports and exports of goods reached USD 5.83 trillion. This is a year-on-year rise of 3.6 per cent. China’s General Administration of Customs said: “The exports reached 24.46 trillion yuan, up 6.2 per cent year-on-year, while imports grew 0.2 per cent year-on-year to 16.75 trillion yuan.” And that “In the first 11 months, China’s imports and exports with the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) partner countries gained 6 per cent year-on-year to reach 21.33 trillion yuan, accounting for 51.8 per cent of China's total foreign trade. Meanwhile, Chinese private enterprises saw a year-on-year growth of 7.1 per cent in foreign trade in the January-November period, with the value of imports and exports totalling 23.52 trillion yuan.” (“China’s foreign trade of goods expands by 3.6% in first 11 months of 2025,” Global Times, 08 December 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
China’s expansion into S&T, reports the Australian Strategic Policy Institute
On 08 December, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute came out with a Critical Technology Tracker, 2025. It said: “China leads in seven out of eight AI categories, 13 out of 13 advanced materials and manufacturing technologies, in all seven categories of defence, space, robotics and transportation, nine out of 10 in energy and environment and five out of nine in biotechnology, genes and vaccines.” China is an engineering state, which can't stop itself from building, while America is a lawyerly society that "has a government of the lawyers by the lawyers and for the lawyers" … and "blocks everything it can", although Donald Trump is bulldozing regulations now, stated analyst Dan Wang. (“China's global technology and engineering ascendancy continues,” ABC News, 08 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
Chinese coastguards conducted their first rescue drill in the Taiwan Strait
On 08 December, Mainland China’s coastguard conducted its first-ever search and rescue exercise in a key section of the Taiwan Strait. The drill was centred around Taiwan Shoal, the location underscored Beijing’s first operational presence in the vital choke point where global trade, military strategy and cross-strait politics converge. China’s Fujian Maritime Safety Administration (MSA) oversaw the drills and stated that the rescue exercise focuses on safeguarding navigation safety and order. Beijing’s Ministry of Transport said: “After receiving the distress call, the Fujian Maritime Search and Rescue Centre activated its emergency response plan, conducted an initial assessment of the situation, guided the crew in carrying out self-rescue efforts, and coordinated multiple forces to launch the rescue operation.”  (“Chinese coastguard conducts first rescue drill in Taiwan Strait’s strategic choke point,” SCMP, 08 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China slams Japan over its statements Liaoning aircraft carrier
On 07 December, China's Ministry of National Defense stated that they oppose Japan’s provocative actions of misleading the opinion of China’s Liaoning aircraft carrier formation. They said: “China's far-sea training exercises east of the Miyako Strait fully comply with international law and established practices. Zhang urged the Japanese side to conduct thorough self-reflection, rectify its errors and completely abandon any unlawful attempts.” Japan has recently escalated its provocations and disturbances in the military security domain; what are its true intentions? The international community is fully aware of the answer. Should Japan revert to the perilous path of militarism, it will inevitably plunge into an abyss from which there is no return. (“China slams Japan over its provocative actions on Liaoning aircraft carrier's training,” CGTN, 07 December 2025)

Japan accuses Chinese jets of directing fire control radar
On 07 December, Japanese Minister of Defence Shinjiro Koizumi accused Chinese fighter jets of firing their fire control radar at Japanese aircraft in two separate incidents over the international waters of Okinawa. Koizumi said that Tokyo has lodged a “strong protest” about the two incidents and made “a stern demand for measures to prevent recurrence.” He also said: “The radar illumination… was a dangerous act that exceeded the range necessary for safe aircraft flight.” China’s navy spokesperson stated that Japan’s Self-Defence Force aircraft disrupted Chinese navy training. Japan hosts the biggest overseas concentration of United States military power, including warships, aircraft and troops, with a big chunk of that contingent, including thousands of US Marines, based in Okinawa. (“Japan accuses Chinese jets of directing fire-control radar at its aircraft,” Al Jazeera, 07 December 2025)

CHINA & AFRICA
China’s investments are shifting to long-term financiers in Africa, reports SCMP
On 08 December, SCMP reported that China’s investment in Africa is changing from building to long-term financiers and operators. Across the continent, these companies are increasingly financing, building and operating key infrastructure under public-private partnerships (PPP). This financing model became increasingly common after the decline in bilateral loans after 2016, as Beijing rethought its risk exposure and lending model while dismissing “debt-trap” accusations. (“‘Skin in the game’: China pivots to operating African railways, ports in funding shift,” SCMP, 08 December 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
China and Russia hold their third joint anti-missile exercise
On 07 December, China's Ministry of National Defence informed that China and Russia’s militaries conducted their third joint anti-missile exercise within the territory of Russia. It said: “The joint exercise doesn't target any third party and has nothing to do with the current international and regional situation, said the statement. A Chinese expert said that the joint anti-missile drill between China and Russia reflects the deepening strategic mutual trust between the two sides, as China and Russia must work together to reinforce the post-World War II order on issues concerning major interests.” This is the first joint exercise in eight years. The information was planned to be released after the exercise ended, aimed at reducing tensions and sensitivity against the meeting. (“Chinese, Russian militaries hold 3rd joint anti-missile exercise, working together to jointly reinforce post-World War II order: expert,” Global Times, 07 December 2025)

CHINA & AMERICAS
China urges the US to understand the sensitive issue of Taiwan, says the Foreign Ministry
On 06 December, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Lin Jian urged the US to have a clear understanding of the nature of the Taiwan issue for China.  Lin said: “The US are providing a platform for the leaders of the Taiwan authorities to spread false statements promoting "Taiwan independence" separatist rhetoric, which seriously violates the one-China principle and the three China-U.S. joint communiques, sending a very wrong message to "Taiwan independence" separatist forces.” Lin noted that China opposes it. (“China urges U.S. to gain clear understanding of highly sensitive Taiwan question,” CGTN, 06 December 2025)

Trump’s national security blueprint aims to curb Chinese influence in Latin America
On 06 December, the US released The White House national security blueprint, where its pledged to prevent non-Western powers from expanding their foothold across the Western Hemisphere, a clear reference to China’s growing presence in the region. The White House described the Western Hemisphere as part of America’s “Homeland Security Zone.” It said: “non-hemispheric competitors have made major inroads into our Hemisphere, both to disadvantage us economically in the present and in ways that may harm us strategically in the future.” (“Trump’s new national security blueprint aims to combat China’s rise in Latin America,” SCMP, 06 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 06 December 2025, Saturday | Vol 2 No. 240
CHINA & TAIWAN
Taiwan and Japan express concern regarding Chinese military activity
On 05 December, Taiwan and Japan voiced concern about Chinese military activity in the region. They informed that China was deploying a large number of naval and coast guard ships across the East Asian waters. Taiwan presidential spokesperson Karen Kuo said: “Chinese activity was not confined to the Taiwan Strait but stretched from the Yellow Sea down through waters near the disputed Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea, into the South China Sea and the western Pacific.” “This indeed poses a threat and impact to the Indo-Pacific and the whole region,” and that “We also especially call on China to live up to its responsibilities as a major power and to exercise restraint in its actions.” (“Taiwan, Japan voice concern over Chinese military movements,” Reuters, 05 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China to accept North Korea as nuclear-armed state, reports SCMP
On 06 December, SCMP reported that Beijing’s omission of the term “denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula” from a new white paper suggested its “tacit acceptance” of North Korea as a nuclear-armed state while prioritising its strategic competition with Washington. The analysis said: “With regard to the Korean peninsula issue, China adopts an impartial stance and adheres to the right approach of always working for the peace, stability and prosperity of the peninsula and the resolution of the Korean peninsula issue through political means.” (“Is China shifting its policy and accepting North Korea as a nuclear-armed state?” SCMP, 05 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA  
Australian Defence Force is monitoring Chinese activities near the South China Sea
On 05 December, the Australian Defence Force informed that they are monitoring a four-ship People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) task group operating in the Philippine Sea. They said: “We are aware the task group is composed of four ships: a Yushen landing helicopter dock assault, a Renhai-class cruiser, a Jiangkai-class frigate, and a Fuchi-class replenishment vessel. An Australian P-8 observed the task group on the evening of the second of December in the Philippine Sea, approximately 500 nautical miles north of Palau.” Adm. David Johnson believes that it was possible, given that in the past, similar PLAN task groups had operated in the Philippine Sea and subsequently headed out to either the Western Pacific, the Southwest Pacific, or near Australia. (“Australia Monitors Chinese Task Group Operating in Philippine Sea,” USNI News, 05 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Pakistan backs China’s claims on Arunachal Pradesh
On 05 December, Pakistan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that Pakistan backs China’s claims of Arunachal Pradesh as “South Tibet” or “Zangnan.” The spokesperson from the ministry, Tahir Andrabi, expressed that China has Pakistan’s consistent and full support on matters of their territory and sovereignty. He said: “Well, we have taken note of the remarks made by the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the media commentary on this subject. Pakistan reiterates its consistent and full support for China on matters concerning the sovereignty and territorial integrity of that country.” This comes after Prema Thongdok, an Indian national from Arunachal Pradesh, was harassed at the Shanghai Airport. To which China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said: “Zangnan is China’s territory. The Chinese side has never recognised the so-called “Arunachal Pradesh” illegally set up by India.” (“Pakistan Again Backs Chinese Claim on Arunachal Pradesh,” The Wire, 05 December 2025)

Three Uyghur Muslims fleeing China, stuck in an Indian prison for 12 years, reports The Guardian
On 05 December, The Guardian reported on three Uyghur Muslims from China in an Indian prison. They were arrested by the Indian Army as Chinese intruders from the Ladakh region. The Guardian reported that the three Thursun brothers – Adil, 23, Abdul Khaliq, 22 and Salamu, 20 – had found themselves in an area of unmarked and disputed borders after a 13-day journey by bus and foot over the rugged Himalayan terrain through China’s Xinjiang province, which borders Ladakh. They informed that they fled their homes in Xinjiang after the Chinese government intensified their crackdown on Uyghur Muslims, with several of them being taken to a detention centre. More than a million Uyghurs in Xinjiang appear to have been imprisoned in “re-education” camps and subjected to torture over the past decade for just attending a mosque or wearing a hijab. After the 18-month sentence, they were arrested under the Public Safety Act. Their dentition order since then has been reissued. (“How three Uyghur brothers fled China – to spend 12 years in an Indian prison,” The Guardian, 05 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Xi Jinping and Emmanuel Macron pledge global cooperation on trade and crisis
On 05 December, China and France pledged deeper cooperation on global issues like the Ukraine war and trade. On Ukraine, Macron said: “We are facing the risk of the disintegration of the international order that brought peace to the world for decades, and in this context, the dialogue between China and France is even more essential than ever.” Additionally, “I hope that China will join our call, our efforts to achieve, as soon as possible, at the very least a ceasefire in the form of a moratorium on strikes targeting critical infrastructure.” Xi said: “No matter how the external environment changes, both sides as major powers should always demonstrate independence and strategic vision, show mutual understanding and mutual support for each other on core matters and major critical issues.” (“China’s Xi and France’s Macron pledge cooperation on global crises and trade,” AP, 05 December 2025)

Dutch Minister admits to being blindsided by China's response to ban chip export
On 06 December, the Dutch Economy Minister admitted that he was blindsided by China blocking the Nexperia chips from leaving China. The Minister Vincent Karremans said: “An assessment was made of possible counterreactions; this wasn’t the most likely reaction from China.” Karremans triggered the Goods Availability Act to prevent Nexperia’s Chinese owners from transferring production capacity from Europe to China. Beijing restricted the shipment of finished chips from the company’s back-end plants in Dongguan. He was asked why he did not predicted the Chinese response and still went ahead. To which he said: “well-considered and substantiated decision, in which we took all the risks and all the information into account and carefully weighed them against each other.” (“Dutch minister admits being blindsided by China’s retaliation in Nexperia chip crisis,” SCMP, 05 December 2025)

CHINA & AMERICAS
China urges the US to understand the sensitive issue of Taiwan, says the Foreign Ministry
On 05 December, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Lin Jian urged the US to have a clear understanding of the nature of the Taiwan issue for China.  Lin said: “The US are providing a platform for the leaders of the Taiwan authorities to spread false statements promoting "Taiwan independence" separatist rhetoric, which seriously violates the one-China principle and the three China-U.S. joint communiques, sending a very wrong message to "Taiwan independence" separatist forces.” Lin noted that China opposes it. (“China urges U.S. to gain clear understanding of highly sensitive Taiwan question,” CGTN, 05 December 2025)

Trump’s national security blueprint aims to curb Chinese influence in Latin America
On 06 December, the US released The White House national security blueprint, where its pledged to prevent non-Western powers from expanding their foothold across the Western Hemisphere, a clear reference to China’s growing presence in the region. The White House described the Western Hemisphere as part of America’s “Homeland Security Zone.” It said: “non-hemispheric competitors have made major inroads into our Hemisphere, both to disadvantage us economically in the present and in ways that may harm us strategically in the future.” (“Trump’s new national security blueprint aims to combat China’s rise in Latin America,” SCMP, 06 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 05 December 2025, Friday | Vol 2 No. 239
EXTERNAL
Shanghai holds Third Global South Think Tanks Dialogue
On 04 December, Shanghai holds its Third Global South Think Tanks Dialogue titled “Seeking Strength Through Unity: Responsibility and Action of the Global South.” 350 Chinese and international participants attended the event, including political party leaders and think tank scholars from over 120 countries. The event was jointly organised by the International Department of the Central Committee, the CPC Shanghai Municipal Committee, and the Global South Think Tanks Alliance. Zambian Vice President Mutale Nalumango said: “that the blueprint outlined at the fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee offers valuable insights and cooperation opportunities for Global South countries, expressing willingness to join hands with China in jointly fostering a future of peace, security, prosperity and sustainability.” (“Party leaders, scholars meet in Shanghai on Global South responsibility, action,” CGTN, 05 December 2025)

MARITIME
China is stationing 100 military ships in the East China Sea for military purposes drills, reports Reuters
On 04 December, Reuters reported that China is deploying large numbers of naval and coast guard vessels in the South China Sea, bringing the total to 100. This is the largest maritime show of force to date. This is the military exercise season for China, where the People’s Liberation Army conducts large-scale drills. Reuters reported that the Chinese ships have massed in waters stretching from the southern part of the Yellow Sea through the East China Sea and down into the contested South China Sea, as well as into the Pacific. Yesterday, there were more than 90 Chinese ships in the region. (“Exclusive: China massing military ships across region in show of maritime force, sources say,” Reuters, 04 December 2025)

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT
China calls for “AI+ energy” pilot projects, reports Reccessary
On 05 December, Reccessary reported that China is looking to identify scalable artificial intelligence (AI) models to integrate into its energy system as part of its broader “AI+” industrial strategy. China’s National Energy Administration (NEA) has called for AI-plus-energy projects. They want to deploy large-scale AI models across sectors of energy grids and generation, oil and gas, and coal by 2027, along with at least ten replicable demonstration projects. This aims to optimise the electricity and energy system by utilising AI for power grids. (“What China’s latest ‘AI+ energy’ pilot projects aim to achieve?” Reccessary, 05 December 2025)

DEFENSE
China’s new unmanned reconnaissance helicopter “Moyujian” is ready for testing, reports SCMP
On 05 December, SCMP reported that China’s new unmanned reconnaissance multipurpose medium-sized helicopter is out for testing. The Moyujian was exhibited at the second Asia General Aviation Exhibition (Aero Asia), held from November 27 to 30. SCMP reported that the unmanned helicopter was shown in its camouflage livery on a static display. The display also featured a video of the aircraft’s first successful live-fire target test at high altitude, which its developers said marked progress in its reliability for plateau operations. The helicopter is developed by the Chinese private company Sichuan Tengden Technology. The website of the firm said: “The Moyujian has a maximum range and flight time of 1,000km (621 miles) and nine hours, respectively. It says the aircraft features a high-altitude take-off and landing capability with a service ceiling of 7,200 metres, specifically tailored for extremely harsh environments.” (“China’s unmanned Moyujian strike helicopter is ready for plateau combat tests,” SCMP, 05 December 2025)

ECONOMY
China’s service sector industry slows down, says an editorial in WSJ
On 02 December, an editorial in the Wall Street Journal looked into the slowing growth of the Chinese service sector industry. RatingDog general services purchasing managers index fell to 52.1 in November from 52.6 in October. This is the lowest it has been in five months. RatingDog’s founder said: “Overall, the services sector remained relatively stable, though growth momentum weakened marginally.” And that “The subindex of total new orders remained in expansion in November, but the pace of growth slowed compared with the previous month. New export orders improved last month, benefiting from increased marketing efforts and a temporary trade truce between the US and China.” (“China’s Services-Sector Activity Growth Slows,” The Wall Street Journal, 02 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN 
Taiwanese independence activist turns to China, an op-ed in NYT
On 04 December, an opinion in The New York Times looks into the Taiwanese independence activist’s turn to China. The op-ed looks at the life of student activist Cheng Li-wun, who called to declare independence from China. Now is part of a party that promotes not opening its relations with China. The op-ed said: “Ms Cheng’s abrupt rise to power in the Nationalist Party and her urgent calls for rapprochement with Beijing have made her the most polarising and potentially disruptive opposition leader that Taiwan has seen in years.” She believes that her party is ready to meet Chinese leaders, as they won’t talk to the Taiwanese government. (Chris Buckley and Amy Chang Chien, “Taiwan’s Opposition Leader, Once for Independence, Turns Toward China,” The New York Times, 04 December 2025)

Taiwan bans Chinese apps for failing to comply with rules
On 05 December, the Financial Times reported that Taiwan blocked the Chinese social media app Xiaohongshu. The government said: “It had imposed the ban because the Instagram-like lifestyle app exposed users to scams and that the company, which lacks a local office as required by Taiwan law, was not addressing its concerns.” Taiwanese users have lost USD 7.9 million in an online fraud case. The Chinese app was added as it failed to respond to a request by the Taiwanese government. (“Taiwan bans one of China’s most popular social media apps,” Financial Times, 05 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China rejects Takaichi’s position on Taiwan as “evasive”
On 04 December, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ spokesperson Lin Jian dismissed the Japanese Prime Minister’s erroneous remarks that are in line to her previous statements on Taiwan. The ministry called her stance evasive and denounced Japan for sidestepping its obligations. She cited the 1972 Sino-Japanese Joint Statement in an upper house session and said:  "understands and respects" China's position that Taiwan is an inalienable part of its territory. Lin said: “China's position is clear. We urge the Japanese side to seriously reflect, correct its mistakes, and withdraw Takaichi's erroneous remarks," Lin said, adding that despite the clear historical record and written commitments, as well as China's repeated pressing of Japan for answers and criticism from both inside Japan and the international community, Takaichi continued to brush off the issue by simply not changing Japan's position.” (“China rejects Takaichi's 'unchanged position' on Taiwan as evasive,” CGTN, 04 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China’s top political advisor visits Indonesia, reports CGTN
On 05 December, China's top political advisor, Wang Huning, made his official visit to Indonesia at the invitation of Ahmad Muzani, chairman of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) of Indonesia. Wang said: “China is ready to work with Indonesia to implement the important consensus reached between the two heads of state and jointly pursue modernisation paths suited to their respective national conditions so as to contribute more to world peace, stability and prosperity.” He met the Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto. Prabowo said: “Indonesia sincerely admires China for its remarkable development achievements and is willing to learn from China's successful experience as it pursues an independent development path suited to its own national conditions.” (“China's top political advisor pays official visit to Indonesia,” CGTN, 05 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
EU reports its 1sts formal review of Chinese EV tariffs, reports SCMP
On 04 December, SCMP reported that the EU has launched its formal review of the price undertaking offered by companies wanting to avoid tariffs on Chinese-made EVS. This comes after Volkswagen’s Chinese joint venture sent its submission. SCMP reported that over the course of 12 to 15 months, the European Commission will examine whether VW Anhui can replace its countervailing duties with a managed price system in a move that would effectively equalise the impact of the tariffs. The review process will be narrow and reduced, and VW Anhui can only start shipping its Cupra electric vehicle to Europe after the investigation is over. (“EU launches 1st formal review of Chinese EV tariffs after VW Anhui’s submission,” SCMP, 04 December 2025)

Emmanuel Macron and Xi Jinping attend the China-France Business Council closing ceremony
On 04 December, China’s President Xi Jinping and French President Emmanuel Macron attended the closing ceremony of the seventh meeting of the China-France Business Council, in Beijing. Xi said: “Both sides to continuously expand new areas of bilateral economic and trade cooperation, keep fostering new progress in mutually beneficial cooperation between China and the European Union (EU), and jointly make fresh contributions to the reform and improvement of global governance.” And that “China and France should seize opportunities, deepen cooperation, ensure the steady and sustained growth of bilateral relations, and jointly write an even brighter chapter for bilateral cooperation.” He noted that China and France should work on AI, industrial and supply chain transparency. (“Xi, Macron attend closing ceremony of seventh meeting of China-France Business Council,” Xinhua, 04 December 2025)

CHINA & AMERICAS
The US introduces a bipartisan bill Safe Chips Act
On 04 December, bipartisan groups of US senators proposed a bill to block the Trump administration from loosening rules that restrict China’s access to AI US chips for two and a half years. The bill is called the Safe Chips Act was filed by US Republican Senator Pete Ricketts and Democrat Chris Coons. Under the act, the US Commerce Department is required to reject any license request coming from Chinese buyers, and from Russia, Iran or North Korea. The bill comes as the Trump administration considers allowing sales of Nvidia’s H200 artificial intelligence chips to China. US lawmakers fear that China can use these AI chips to innovate its AI-powered weapons. (“Senators unveil bill to keep Trump from easing curbs on AI chip sales to China,” SCMP, 05 December 2025)

China is working with parties to de-escalate tensions in Venezuela, says China’s Foreign Ministry
On 04 December, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Lin Jian reported that China is engaging with all parties to prevent any kind of escalation in Venezuela. Jian said: “opposes any action that violates the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter or undermines the sovereignty and security of other countries.” While they are in contact, the ministry noted that any foreign interference is unacceptable for China in Venezuela’s internal affairs. Washington has deployed the aircraft carrier Gerald R. Ford and around 12,000 sailors, as part of their anti-narcotics and maritime security campaign “Operation Southern Spear.” This comes in light of Donald Trump announcing that the US will expand its operations against Venezuela’s drug operations. (“China says it is working ‘with all parties’ to prevent escalation in Venezuela,” SCMP, 05 December 2025)

China is gaining global clout as Trump takes a step back, says an opinion in WSJ
On 02 December, an opinion in The Wall Street Journal looked into the newly confident China, as it is trying to get global clout amid the US backing down. The op-ed said: “China is flexing its muscles, showing new confidence fueled by a belief that President Trump’s retreat from overseas commitments and his focus on the Western Hemisphere and trade deals create unique opportunities for Beijing.” It states that the strains between democracies and the US, China is the new assertive force, which has its prowess in future-defining technologies, from artificial intelligence to high-speed rail and clean energy. (“A Newly Confident China Is Jockeying for More Global Clout as Trump Pulls Back,” The Wall Street Journal, 02 December 2025)

Chinese chip market value increases by 470 per cent, reports FT
On 05 December, Financial Times reported that the former Nvidia executive has increased by 470 per cent in its market debut, aiming to reduce China’s reliance on US tech chips. The firm Moore Threads was recently opened. FT reported that shares of mainland Chinese chipmakers and chip designers have soared this year as investors bet on Beijing’s efforts to create a local supply chain for components crucial to the AI boom. Moore Threads is the first in a series of AI chipmakers expected to go public in either Hong Kong or mainland China. MetaX recently won approval to list on Shanghai’s Star Market. Biren and Enflame are also planning to go public in Hong Kong. (“Chinese challenger to Nvidia surges 470% in market debut,” Financial Times, 05 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 04 December 2025, Thursday | Vol 2 No. 238
CHINA & EUROPE
French President calls to overcome differences as he meets China’s President in Beijing 
On 04 December, French President Emmanuel Macron met with China’s President Xi Jinping, aiming to overcome differences. Macron said: “Sometimes there are differences, but it is our responsibility to overcome them for the greater good,” as he called for more stable titles with China. Xi also echoed this sentiment and stated that they are willing to work with France to exclude interference. Macron is on a three-day visit to China, on which the top of the agenda is the role China can play in cease ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine. Macron said: “We must continue to work towards peace and stability in the world, and in Ukraine and other regions affected by war.” Macron, visiting China for the fourth time since taking office in 2017, is also expected to meet with Premier Li Qiang before travelling to Chengdu. (“Macron tells Xi that France and China must overcome their 'differences',” Le Monde, 04 December 2025)

China’s Foreign Minister met with his French counterpart in Beijing
On 04 December, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with French Foreign Minister Jean-Noel Barrot. Wang Yi said: “In the face of the current intricate global challenges, China and France must enhance communication and cooperation and shoulder their common responsibility as major countries and permanent members of the United Nations Security Council.” Barot said: “President Macron attaches great importance to relations with China, noting that as permanent members of the UN Security Council, France and China have a responsibility to jointly uphold world peace in a constructive manner.” (“Chinese, French foreign ministers meet in Beijing,” CGTN, 04 December 2025)

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
China Eastern Airlines launches the world’s longest one-way flight
On 04 December, Global Times reported that China Eastern Airlines launched the world’s longest one-way flight. The flight MU745 took off from Shanghai Pudong International Airport, heading to Auckland, New Zealand and ultimately destined for Buenos Aires, Argentina. Spanning approximately 20,000 kilometres and crossing both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres as well as the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It shortens the travel time between China and South America by four hours, the press release said: “The newly launched route is scheduled to operate two round-trip flights per week. In addition to achieving the longest flight distance globally, it fills the gap in direct flights from Shanghai to major South American cities, establishes a "southbound corridor" flight path across the Pacific Ocean, and reshapes air travel connectivity among three continents.” (“Chinese airline launches world’s longest one-way flight, shortens travel time between China and South America by over 4 hours,” Global Times, 04 December 2025)

CHINA & INDIA
India’s first international conference in Tawang might impact relations with China, says an editorial reports SCMP
On 04 December, an editorial in SCMP reported on India hosting their first international conference of the 17^th-century Tibetan spiritual leader Dalai Lama, at his birthplace, Tawang. The area is governed by India and is also claimed by China. This meeting can have an impact on the fragile rapprochement between China and India. Arunachal Pradesh’s Chief Minister Prema Khandu opened the four-day event. Khandu said: “he world knows little about His Holiness the sixth Dalai Lama … It is now our duty to let the world know about his life, his philosophy and his timeless words.” The sixth Dalai Lama, born in 1683 and enthroned in 1697, was an unconventional leader with unique characteristics seen neither before nor since. The peak lies near the Line of Actual Control, the de facto border between India and China. (“How 17th century Dalai Lama could test China-India border thaw,” SCMP, 03 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China ramps up the surveillance systems near the Spratly Islands, reports a US think tank
On 03 December, SCMP reported that China carried out extensive upgrades to its surveillance and electronic warfare systems across the Spratly Islands outposts. This is aimed at improving intelligence-gathering systems in the South China Sea. Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), in the US, under which the Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative published satellite images of new and upgraded radar sites, antenna fields and other reinforced electronic warfare installations at Mischief, Subi and Fiery Cross reefs. The report said: “These upgrades underscore the fact that a major function of China’s bases is to provide unparalleled [intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance] coverage of the South China Sea, supporting the operations of China’s coastguard and navy in peacetime.” (“China ramps up surveillance equipment at Spratly Islands bases: US think tank,” SCMP, 03 December 2025)

CHINA & RUSSIA
China and Russia's Foreign Ministers call to safeguard the outcomes of WWII and hold the 20th round of strategic security consultation
On 02 December, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov, where they called to safeguard the outcomes of World War II victory. Wang Yi said: “Two sides agreed to firmly uphold the outcomes of WWII victory, resolutely oppose any retrogressive acts attempting to whitewash colonial aggression, and call for upholding justice and fairness.” He also said: “Russia's visa-free policy for Chinese citizens is a vivid manifestation of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era, and will further facilitate personnel exchanges between the two countries and promote exchanges and cooperation in various fields.” Lavrov said: “Russia is ready to take the 25th anniversary of the signing of the Russia-China Treaty of Good-Neighbourliness and Friendly Cooperation next year as an opportunity to intensify high-level exchanges, deepen practical cooperation, enhance personnel exchanges, and achieve win-win results.”

The 20th round of strategic security consultation between Russia and China was held in Moscow. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said: “The two sides conducted comprehensive and in-depth discussions on major issues involving the strategic and security interests of both countries, reached new consensuses and enhanced strategic mutual trust. They agreed to fully implement the important consensuses reached by the heads of state of the two countries in the field of strategic security and promote the strategic cooperation between the two sides to a higher level of quality.” Russian Security Council Secretary Sergey Shoigu said: “The current international geopolitical situation is undergoing complex evolutions, with mounting challenges in the global security field. As comprehensive strategic partners of coordination, Russia and China need to enhance strategic alignment.” (“Chinese, Russian FMs call for safeguarding outcomes of WWII victory,” CGTN, 03 December 2025; “China, Russia conduct strategic alignment on issues related to Japan,” Global Times, 03 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Europeans want to keep a distance from the US and China, says a survey by Le Grand Continent
On 04 December, a survey SCMP reported that the European wants to maintain an equal distance from the US and China, rather than aligning with any of the two superpowers. The survey was published by Le Grand Continent, which is a French Magazine. The survey found that 4 per cent of Europeans polled will prioritise alignment with China over the US, and 55 per cent preferred to keep a distance between the two countries. One-fifth of European countries prefer to align with the US over China, with Spain having the highest number. Looking towards Washington, 48 per cent of those surveyed said Trump was a “foe of Europe”, with just 10 per cent considering him a friend. Trump is most popular in Poland. (“Most Europeans want to keep the same distance between the US and China, poll finds,” SCMP, 04 December 2025)

German companies optimistic about the Chinese market, reports the German Chamber of Commerce in China
On 03 December, Xinhua reported that German companies operating in China have been growing optimistic over their business outlook and plan to deepen cooperation with their Chinese partners, according to the German Chamber of Commerce in China. They found that 2025/2026 business confidence survey found that 93 per cent of respondents intend to remain engaged in the Chinese market, reflecting greater optimism than a year ago. Additionally, 65 per cent were confident in China’s economic development over the next years. Of 627 German companies surveyed, more than half plan to increase investment in China within the next two years. (“German firms more upbeat in China, eye deeper partnerships: survey,” Xinhua, 03 December 2025)

CHINA & AMERICAS
USMCA calls to secure their economic security against China, reports SCMP
On 04 December, SCMP reported that the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) is keeping economic security to counter China as a high priority. The hearing convened by the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative was attended by 140 representatives from various institutions.  A senior fellow at the Centre for a New American Security think tank, Emily Kilcrease, said: “One cannot make a strategic argument about the value of economic integration without also having a pragmatic and specific plan for ensuring that integration reduces, rather than exacerbates, economic and national security risks.” (“USMCA partners urged to form joint economic security mechanism to address China challenge,” SCMP, 04 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 03 December 2025, Wednesday | Vol 2 No. 237
INTERNAL
Chinese military’s new rules to prioritise political discipline, reports SCMP
On 03 December, SCMP reported that the Chinese military has released new rules to strengthen political discipline and party loyalty. This is aimed at eradicating erroneous political views and fake combat capabilities. The revisions to the supplementary rules to the implementation of the Communist Party’s disciplinary regulations will come into effect on January 1, 2026, and are part of an ongoing crackdown on corruption that has led to the downfall of several top generals in recent months. The new rules state that disciplinary violations now explicitly include expressions of “erroneous political remarks”, failure to comply with Central Military Commission (CMC) orders, and failure to implement the CMC chairman’s responsibility system. (“Chinese military issues new rules to ‘prioritise strict political discipline’,” SCMP, 03 December 2025)

CHINA & TAIWAN
KMT and TPP block Taiwan’s special military budget
On 02 December, Kuomintang (KMT) and Taiwan People's Party (TPP) lawmakers blocked the bill authorising a special defence budget of USD 40 billion. The special budget aimed to fund major weapons procurement and joint development programs with the United States from 2026 to 2033. The opposition stated that KMT supports protecting Taiwan, but DPP needs to explain why do they need this expenditure. Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) criticized the opposition, saying that their demand for a presidential report was merely an excuse and that their real aim was to help China block Taiwan from increasing its defence budget. (“KMT, TPP block special defense budget on Friday's legislative agenda,” Focus Taiwan, 02 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
China calls Takaichi’s remarks the greatest challenge in its bilateral relations with Japan
On 02 December, UN China’s Ambassador Fu Cong sent a second letter to UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres. In the letter, he stated that Takaichi’s comments on Taiwan are the greatest challenge to their bilateral ties with Japan. This was in response to his Japanese counterpart, Kazuyuki Yamazaki, who last week accused Beijing of “stifling” bilateral engagement. Fu said: “The greatest challenge at present is that Takaichi’s erroneous words and deeds have severely undermined the mutual trust between China and Japan and damaged the political foundation of China-Japan relations.” And that “If the Japanese side truly seeks to develop stable China-Japan relations, it should clearly reaffirm the one-China principle … immediately retract the erroneous remarks and take practical steps to honour its commitments to China. Otherwise, the Japanese side should bear all the consequences arising therefrom.” (“China-Japan row widens at UN as Taiwan remarks called ‘greatest challenge’ to ties,” SCMP, 02 December 2024)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
Cambodia announces visa-free travel for Chinese nationals
On 02 December, Cambodia announced its pilot visa-free policy for Chinese citizens from June 15 to October 15, 2026. Xinhua reported that Cambodia has approved a trial program allowing Chinese travellers to enter the country without a visa and stay for up to 14 days. During the four-month trial period, Chinese nationals will not be required to apply for a visa or pay any related fees; they will only need to fill out an electronic arrival card. Multiple entries will be permitted throughout the pilot phase. This comes right after Russia announced that visa-free travel for Chinese citizens would be extended until September 2026. Cambodia’s Ministry of Tourism said: “China’s visa-free policy with Russia had produced notably positive effects on facilitating bilateral tourism and related economic activity. From January to October this year, the country received around 1 million visits from Chinese tourists.” (“Cambodia announces pilot visa-free policy for Chinese nationals from Jun 15 to Oct 15, 2026,” Global Times, 03 December 2025)

CHINA & CENTRAL ASIA
China hosts the Tianshan Forum for Central Asia Economic Cooperation
On 02 December, the Tianshan Forum for Central Asia Economic Cooperation opened in the northwest Xinjiang region. Drawing over 300 government officials and representatives from financial institutions, think tanks and the private sector to discuss promoting trade and investment across the region. The theme of the meeting was “Unlocking Connectivity and Investment in Central Asia.” Pakistan's Federal Minister for Planning, Development & Special Initiatives Ahsan Iqbal, said: “The current global landscape is undergoing profound transformation, with Central Asia and South Asia emerging as core engines driving global economic growth. He highlighted successful Pakistan-China projects and called for deeper cooperation on industry, people-to-people exchange, and agriculture and technology.” (“China's Xinjiang hosts regional forum to boost Central Asia links, trade,” Xinhua, 02 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
Chinese mega embassy might bring security advantage, says the UK’s Prime Minister’s office
On 03 December, the BBC reported that the Chinese embassy’s mega plan for London can also bring security advantages, according to the UK Prime Minister’s office. Some believe China's mega embassy, if it gets the go-ahead, would be a huge hub in the heart of London for espionage. However, the government is expected to give the green light to the embassy on 20 January next year. The decision to build this has been delayed for the third time, stating that they need more time to consult. The spokesperson of the UK Prime Minister’s office said: “Should the planning decision for a new embassy be approved, the new embassy would replace seven different sites which currently comprise China's diplomatic footprint in London, which clearly brings security advantages.” The Chinese embassy would be the biggest in Europe, with space to house 200 staff on site, as well as offices and a large basement area. (“Chinese mega embassy could bring security advantages, says No 10,” BBC, 03 December 2025)

CHINA & THE AMERICAS
US soybean cargo gearing up to be shipped to China, reports Bloomberg
On 03 December, Bloomberg reported on US soybean cargo gearing up to be shipped to China as trade resumes. The lineup shows six ships expected to be loaded at Gulf Port terminals in the next several weeks, carrying a total of at least 320,000 tons of soybeans to China. This comes after the October meeting between US President Donald Trump and China’s President Xi Jinping. The US said China has pledged to buy 12 million tons of soybeans by year's end. The Asian nation had been avoiding US purchases as it sought to gain leverage in trade talks with the Trump administration, instead favouring South American supplies. (“Several US Soybean Cargoes Are Set for China as Trade Resumes,” Bloomberg, 03 December 2025)

Trump signs the Taiwan Assurance Implementation Act 
On 03 December, US President Donald Trump signed the Taiwan Assurance Implementation Act, which allowed the US State Department to regularly review and update the guidelines governing US interactions with Taiwan. Previously, the State Department was required to conduct a one-time review of its guidance governing relations with Taiwan, but under the new bill, the agency must conduct such a review "not less than every five years." Taiwan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) said: “The legislation will strengthen implementation of the 2020 Taiwan Assurance Act and ensure updates to contact guidelines that keep bilateral ties on a steady trajectory.” Foreign Minister Lin Chia-lung also thanked the US administration for its bipartisan support. He said: “That updating the guidelines through more frequent reviews will allow both sides to engage more fully, including enabling Taiwanese officials to visit federal agencies for meetings, though the newly passed measure did not specify such an outcome.” (“Trump signs Taiwan Assurance Implementation Act into law,” Focus Taiwan, 03 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 02 December 2025, Tuesday | Vol 2 No. 236
INTERNAL
Chinese authorities arrested three people for inciting chaos in Hong Kong
On 01 December, Chinese authorities arrested activists in Hong Kong and issued a warning against anti-China and pro-chaos elements. This comes in light of the Hong Kong government trying to investigate the deadliest fire that killed several in a housing complex. Hong Kong’s national security police arrested three people over the weekend, ex-district Councillor Kenneth Cheung Kam-hung and an unidentified volunteer who managed supplies for survivors. They were accused of sedition charges, and Cheung was accused of attempting to incite discord. There are online petitions going on asking for greater transparency and accountability by the government. The petition included four demands, including the establishment of an independent commission of inquiry to probe the circumstances of the fire, including whether potential conflicts of interest may have contributed to the disaster. (“China cracks down on calls for accountability over deadly Hong Kong blaze,” Al-Jazeera, 01 December 2025)

Executive Vice Chairman of Xinjiang region under investigation for corruption, reports SCMP
On 01 December, SCMP reported that another senior official in Xinjiang has been placed under investigation as part of the anti-corruption drive in China. The agency reported that Chen Weijun, executive vice-chairman of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, was “under disciplinary review and supervisory investigation” for suspected “serious violations of discipline and law.” Xinhua reported that “high pressure against corruption must be maintained to resolutely eradicate the soil for corruption and create a clean and upright political environment.” (“‘No soil for corruption’: China’s Chen Weijun latest among Xinjiang officials investigated,” SCMP, 01 December 2025)

EXTERNAL
China is flooding the global market with gasoline cars amid low domestic demand, says an editorial in The Daily Star
On 02 December, an editorial in the Daily Star reported that the Chinese gasoline automaker is flooding the world as sales for EVs rise, from what they could not sell back home. China's electric-vehicle industry captured half its domestic market in just a few years, crushing sales of gasoline-powered vehicles from once-dominant global automakers. It said: “The influx of Chinese gasoline cars into emerging and second-tier markets reflects a collision between Beijing's current EV push and older policies that built China's domestic gasoline-vehicle industry by leveraging foreign automakers' technology.” And Beijing aims to dominate EVs and plug-in hybrids globally. But in the interim, many Chinese automakers are building overseas brands by giving customers whatever they want. (“China floods the world with gasoline cars it can't sell at home,” The Daily Star, 02 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Japanese artists stopped mid-performance in Shanghai, reports the BBC
On 01 December, the BBC reported that a Japanese musical event was cancelled in Shanghai amid the ongoing row with Japan. One of the performances was stopped midway. Maki Otsuki was halfway through the theme of the hit anime One Piece on Friday when the lights and music went off, after which she was rushed off stage by two crew members. This comes in light of the ongoing tensions between the two countries, after Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi made comments over Taiwan. The management attributed the cancellation to unavoidable circumstances. (“Japanese 'One Piece' singer stopped mid-show after China-Japan feud,” BBC, 01 December 2025)

Chinese and Japanese stand-off near the Senkaku Island
On 02 December, vessels from China and Japan were involved in a standoff near the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands of the East China Sea. Chinese coast guards reported that they had to drive the Japanese fishing boat away from the Island. They said: “The Diaoyu Islands and their affiliated islets are inherent Chinese territory. We urge Japan to immediately cease all infringements and provocative activities in these waters.” They also noted that they will continue patrolling the region to safeguard Chinese interests. The Japanese coastguard said it had intercepted and driven away two Chinese coastguard vessels that approached a fishing boat. (“Chinese and Japanese coastguard ships in fresh confrontation near disputed Diaoyu Islands,” SCMP, 02 December 2025)

CHINA & THE PACIFIC
China’s military reaching further into the Pacific, says Australia’s Foreign Minister
On 02 December, Australia's Foreign Minister Penny Wong claimed that China is projecting its military power further in the Pacific recently and frequently. Wong said: “China continues to assert its strategic influence, including through economic and security means, and is more frequently projecting its military power further into our region.” This was happening without any transparency in the region, and the region’s collective security depends on it. Wong said: “This is how we can ensure that we have choices, should pressure be applied to us. The unity of the Pacific Islands Forum exemplifies regionalism: empowering smaller and medium-sized countries to counter power asymmetries.” (“China's military reaching further, more frequently into Pacific, says Australia,” The Straits Times, 02 December 2025)

CHINA & EUROPE
UK Prime Minister’s 2026 foreign policy to focus on China, reports BBC
On 02 December, the BBC reported on the UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s speech at the Lord Mayor's banquet, traditionally used to set out foreign policy for the year ahead. Starmer stated that the government will focus on their relationship with China, where previously he noted that there have been M15 alerts about Chinese spies. And that they have been targeting MPs and parliamentary staff. This comes in light of China wanting to build a mega embassy in London, amid fears of it being a spy centre for China. The prime minister stressed that being tough on national security will enable the UK to pursue economic opportunities with the world's second biggest economy. Stamer rejected isolationism against China and said: “So our response will not be driven by fear, nor softened by illusion. It will be grounded in strength, clarity and sober realism.” (“Starmer says China policy cannot continue to blow 'hot and cold',” BBC, 02 December 2025)

China is drawing more investments from Europe amid scepticism, says an editorial in the Financial Times
On 02 December, an editorial in the Financial Times reported that European manufacturers are increasing their investment in Chinese factories despite the growing anxieties against China. It said: “European companies say China’s low costs and efficient supply chains make it increasingly difficult to compete with Chinese rivals, while Beijing’s government procurement rules also make a local presence necessary to tap the Chinese market.” It stated that amid fears, it’s not that companies are becoming less dependent on China; on the contrary, they are becoming more dependent on China. China, with its lower costs, might then become the main export centre for European companies to sell to third markets as well, further hitting the industry at home. (“China draws in Europe’s businesses despite alarm over competition,” Financial Times, 02 December 2025)

China Reader Daily Wire | 01 December 2025, Monday | Vol 2 No. 235
INTERNAL
China warns against anti-China disruptors as Hong Kong mourns the building fire  
On 30 November, thousands of people paid tribute to the victims of Hong Kong’s building fire. The reason for the fire in the high-rise apartments remains under investigation amid public anger. There have been petitions signed demanding an independent probe into the matter of corruption and construction oversight. China's national security authorities warned against Hong Kong plunging into the chaos of 2019, its said: “We sternly warn the anti-China disruptors who attempt to ‘disrupt Hong Kong through disaster’. No matter what methods you use, you will certainly be held accountable and strictly punished.” (“Mourners flock to site of deadly Hong Kong blaze as Beijing warns against protests,” Reuters, 1 December 2025)

EXTERNAL
Fifteen countries in the UNGA condemn China’s human rights violations
On 30 November, fifteen countries from the 80^th United Nations General Assembly’s (UNGA) Third Committee condemned China’s systematic human rights violations within its own borders and beyond. The countries include Australia, Israel, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, the United States, and the United Kingdom. The statement accuses China of running an extensive architecture of repression involving mass arbitrary detentions, forced labour, invasive surveillance, and restrictions on religious and cultural freedoms. They also warned against Hong Kong’s rule of law and freedoms have been undermined under Chinese administration. They call for urgent action, and the coalition demands immediate and unconditional release of all detainees who just exercised their fundamental rights. (“UNGA: 15 Nations Condemn China’s Human Rights Violations,” NewsOnAir, 30 November 2025)

OUTERSPACE
China to launch its own Xingyan ‘Star Eye’ network to track satellites, reports SCMP
On 30 November, SCMP reported that China is launching their second satellite constellation to monitor, Xingyan or Star Eye. This is a space situational awareness constellation that will have 156 satellites to identify the orbits of the satellites and debris. It will also be able to detect any unusual movements and provide a collision warning. Their constellation aims to help commercial operators lower collision risks and ease the country’s long reliance on foreign tracking data. Xingtu Cekong, an Anhui-based spin-off of leading geospatial data company Zhongke Xingtu, said 12 satellites would be launched by 2027 and the full network in operation after 2028. They will deliver 30-minute updates, which will have global low-orbit coverage and targeted monitoring. (“China’s Xingyan ‘Star Eye’ network to track satellites and space debris,” SCMP, 30 November 2025)

DEFENSE
China’s military firms’ sales fell amid anti-corruption purge, reports SIPRI
On 01 December, Reuters reported on the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute’s (SIPRI) finding that sales by China’s military firms fell in light of the anti-corruption purge in China. These purges have slowed arms contracts and procurement. SIPRI found that “The Chinese declines contrast with strong revenue growth globally for big arms and military-services companies, fuelled by wars in Ukraine and Gaza, and global and regional tensions.” This has led to major arms contracts either being postponed or cancelled. Revenue of the world’s 100 largest firms increased by 5.9 per cent, while only China saw a decline. China's weapons revenue fell despite three decades of rising defence budgets in Beijing's growing strategic rivalry with the United States, Asia's traditional military power, and tensions over Taiwan and the hotly disputed South China Sea. (“China's military firms struggle as corruption purge bites, report says,” Reuters, 01 December 2025)

CHINA & EAST ASIA
Takaichi’s remarks on Taiwan are deliberate, says Singapore’s Foreign Minister
On 01 December, Singapore’s Foreign Minister George Yeo noted that Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s remarks on Taiwan are deliberate. Yeo said: “If she uses these words, China is bound to react. Then the Japanese become a bit more nationalistic, they’ll agree to spend more money on military equipment. Maybe it will improve her popularity in Japan.” He stated that Japan should only act if the US wants it to act. But if Japan acts on its own, disregarding American interests, the Americans will put a stop to it. And the Japanese prime minister will have to climb down, but she will lose face, and she will lose support. (“Takaichi’s controversial Taiwan remarks likely deliberate bid to boost domestic popularity: ex-Singapore FM,” Global Times, 01 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTHEAST ASIA
China’s investments in Indonesia’s nickel are in vain as it moves away from nickel-based batteries, reports Reuters
On 01 December, Reuters reported that China financed to building Indonesian nickel industry, which is now the largest producer. But China is moving away from nickel batteries. Ever more of what Indonesia digs out of the ground is destined not for an EV battery plant but rather a London Metal Exchange warehouse. Indonesia's nickel sector is still growing as the country pursues its ambition of becoming an EV powerhouse, but there is a very real risk it has bet too much on a battery metal that its biggest customer is growing cold on, says Reuters. (“China built Indonesia's nickel boom but could yet bust it,” Reuters, 01 December 2025)

CHINA & SOUTH ASIA
Bangladesh moves to buy Chinese J-10 fighter, reported The Sunday Guardian
On 30 November, The Sunday Guardian reported that Bangladesh is moving towards the acquisition of the Chinese J-10, a multirole fighter aircraft, signalling a major shift in its air-power strategy. The service is planning to procure the J-10 platform from China, clarifying that the aircraft under consideration is not the Pakistan-China developed JF-17 but the more advanced J-10 fighter. China will not only be a supplier but will also train the Bangladeshi Air Force personnel. Designed for high-end multirole and air dominance missions, the aircraft features advanced radar systems, modern avionics, beyond-visual-range engagement capability and integrated electronic warfare suites. (“Bangladesh moves closer to acquiring China’s J-10 fighter,” The Sunday Guardian, 30 November 2025)

CHINA & WEST ASIA
China-Syria relations threatened by Xinjiang militants’ assimilation into the Syrian Armed Forces, says an editorial in SCMP
On 30 November, an editorial in SCMP looked into Xinjiang and how it affects China’s relations with Syria. In a meeting, China pledged to consider helping Syria reconstruct. But the issue is that militant groups linked to China’s Xinjiang region have integrated into the Syrian Armed Forces. China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi and his counterpart Asaad al-Shaibani on November 17 agreed that the two sides should gradually resume exchanges, adding that Beijing would consider helping the country rebuild. He urged to act against Uyghur militant groups that have been linked to the fight against the Assad regime. The prospect is overshadowed by the presence in Syria’s armed forces of the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM), which Beijing regards as the major separatist force in Xinjiang. (“Why Xinjiang casts a long shadow over China and Syria’s efforts to build better relations,” SCMP, 30 November 2025)