NIAS Area Studies
PAKISTAN READER
EM in Brief
By Rishika Yadav
FINLAND
Closes border points amid migrant influx from Russia
On 22 November, the Ministry of the Interior announced Finland’s decision to shut down the Kuusamo, Salla, and Vartius border crossings. In August, around 700 individuals entered Finland applying for asylum from the Middle East and Africa tried to enter from Russia. Concrete barriers now reinforce the border to manage undocumented migration. The Kremlin denied the claims, emphasizing readiness for mutual resolution. (“Finland to close more border crossing points,” Finnish Government, 22 November 2023; “Finland closes all but one of its borders with Russia,” Euronews, 22 November 2023)
THE UK
Strengthens digital government collaboration with South Korea
On 22 November, the UK and South Korea signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to bolster government digital services, focusing on AI and sharing best practices. Minister for Implementation Alex Burghart met with Sang-min Lee, South Korea’s Minister of the Interior, advancing the digital partnership. The Government Digital Service (GDS) is aimed to leverage AI in public services, ensuring mutual advancements. The collaboration is aimed for responsible technological use, equal access, and a skilled digital workforce. Amidst the state visit by Yoon Suk Yeol, agreements on security, tech, trade, and condemnations of North Korea’s ballistic missile launch were highlighted. Both countries aimed for stronger economic ties and aligned global stances. (“UK and Republic of Korea join forces to step up cooperation on digital services and AI,” GOV.UK, 22 November 2023; “PM meeting with President Yoon Suk Yeol of the Republic of Korea: 22 November 2023,” GOV.UK, 22 November 2023)
REGIONAL
European Parliament members push for EU reforms after Future of Europe Conference
On 22 November, the Members of European Parliament (MEPs) proposed reforms to bolster EU capabilities and citizen involvement amid challenges. Suggestions included a more efficient Council decision-making process via majority voting. It also included empowering citizens’ legislative initiatives, and restructuring the Commission, granting the President electoral selection. Emphasis was on Council transparency and increased citizen influence through participatory mechanisms. Proposed areas for expanded EU authority covered environmental, health, industry, and education sectors. The report, backed by a majority vote, is aimed to meet citizens’ demand for a more democratic, effective EU. It called for Treaty amendments, urging the Council to promptly address the proposals. Additionally, Spain’s Presidency plans to present the propositions to the European Council in December. (“Future of the EU: Parliament’s proposals to amend the Treaties,” European Parliament, 22 November 2023)
INTERNATIONAL
EU Parliament approves landmark trade deal with New Zealand
On 22 November, the European Parliament endorsed a groundbreaking Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with New Zealand. The agreement eliminated 100 per cent of New Zealand’s tariffs upon entry into force and lifted 98.5 per cent of EU tariffs in seven years. The deal protects EU geographical indications, sensitive agricultural goods, and upholds Paris Agreement and labor standards. Bilateral trade is expected to surge by 30 per cent, with EU investments in New Zealand likely rising by 80 per cent. Formal approval from member states is anticipated, paving the way for the agreement’s ratification by New Zealand, possibly in mid-2024. The FTA reflects the EU’s strategy of strengthening ties with like-minded countries. (Antonia Zimmermann and Camille Gijs, “European lawmakers give green light to ‘model’ NZ trade deal,” POLITICO, 22 November 2023; “Parliament approves EU-New Zealand free trade agreement,” European Parliament, 22 November 2023)
G7 condemns North Korea’s ballistic missile launch
On 22 November, G7 foreign ministers strongly condemned North Korea’s recent ballistic missile launch, deeming it a severe threat to regional and global peace. They emphasized the breach of UNSC resolutions by any missile technology use, urging complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and the abandonment of North Korea’s weapons programs. The G7 demanded a united international response via the UNSC and stressed compliance with resolutions. Concerns mounted over arms transfers between North Korea and Russia, urging immediate cessation. The statement highlighted grave concerns over technology transfers potentially exacerbating global instability. The G7 reiterated the call for diplomacy and meaningful dialogue while denouncing North Korea’s human rights violations. (“North Korea missile launch: G7 foreign ministers’ statement,” GOV.UK, 22 November 2023)