In Focus
Pakistan continues to raise concerns against alleged threat posed by India
On 5 May, Dawn reported that Pakistan would approach UN Security to intimate the major powers about the alleged threat from India. As per the Foreign Office, Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar has instructed Pakistan’s permanent envoy to the United Nations, Asim Iftikhar to straight away take all necessary steps towards raising Islamabad’s concerns in the UN Security Council. As per a statement from the Foreign Office, Islamabad will particularly stress on India’s decision to walk out of the Indus Water Treaty. The Pakistan Commission on Indus Waters has sent a comprehensive “report” to the federal government, highlighting “massive violations” of the treaty by India. As per sources of Dawn, the report pointed how India has, allegedly, violated the treaty by building three “hydroelectric plants” on Jhelum and Chenab. Further, the report alleges that New Delhi had been deliberately causing delay in sharing of data related to releasing of “floodwater” in monsoon season.
Measures against India
On the same day, Dawn reported that Pakistan has suspended all “shipping lines” of India and has instructed its vessels not to travel to ports of India. As per the “directive,” ships from India would not be allowed to visit any port of Pakistan. Also, no ships from Pakistan would be allowed to travel to any port of India. On 4 May, Islamabad suspended the importing of India made goods which used to transit via Pakistan. It has now also prohibited the goods which were imported by India from other countries, but had to transit through Pakistan.
Internal response
On 4 May, as per Dawn, all major political parties aside from PTI have pledged that Pakistan should give a strong response to India in case of “any misadventure” attempt by the latter. This came during a meeting held between political and military leaders on 4 May. PTI had earlier, however, stated that in the event of any attack from a foreign country, it would back Pakistan and the military. Further, PTI had demanded to hold a Multi-Party Conference on the issue to devise a comprehensive plan. As per the sources of Dawn, the political parties backed the military to thwart any sort of misadventure by India which could be detrimental to peace in the region. In the meeting, it was alleged that that the Pahalgam terror attack was a “false flag operation” initiated by India. Further, it was claimed that the aim of the “false flag operation” was to breach the Indus Water Treaty and escalate violence in Jammu and Kashmir.
Media response
On 5 May, an opinion in The Express Tribune titled “The cost of war” highlighted how wars result in devastating consequences for the countries involved in it. The author, Kamran Yousaf, highlighted how the present state of animosity which exists between India and Pakistan was not how the “forefathers” of the two countries had imagined the future relations. Yousaf pointed out how the surge in tensions between the two countries after the Pahalgam terrorist attack has resulted in suspension of Indus Water Treaty by India, and also the possibility of Pakistan walking out of Shimla agreement. Yousaf highlighted how war causes miseries to the common people and does not do much damage to the leaders.
(Iftikhar A. Khan and Syed Irfan Raza,“Pakistan to knock on UNSC door amid escalation,” Dawn, 5 May 2025; Syed Irfan Raza, “Political parties vow joint front in case of Indian offensive,” Dawn, 5 May 2025; Khalid Hasnain, “Commission finalises report on Indus treaty violations,” Dawn, 5 May 2025; Ikram Junaidi, “PTI skips govt’s briefing over tension with India,” Dawn, 5 May 2025; Kamran Yousaf, “The cost of war,” The Express Tribune, 5 May 2025, Kalbe Ali, “Pakistan slaps retaliatory ban on Indian ships,” Dawn, 5 May 2025)
In Brief
POLITICS & GOVERNANCE
“Courts giving dates, instead of justice,” says BNP-M President Mengal
On 4 May, Dawn reported that BNP-M President Sardar Akhtar Mengal has announced a shift to “politics of national resistance” due to the failure of government and other institutions to uphold the rights of the Baloch people. Speaking at a party meeting in Shahwani stadium, Mengal criticized the government for compelling citizens to protest through its policies and accused authorities of dishonouring individuals, especially women, while also revealing the atrocities committed, including the dumping of mutilated bodies of young Baloch individuals. He warned that the party would not hesitate to stage protests outside the military cantonment. According to the news report, Mengal condemned the judiciary for the illegal detainment of female leaders and workers under the Maintenance of Public Order Ordinance, stating that courts were “giving dates instead of justice.” He alleged that the judiciary operated according to the wishes of “sector commanders” rather than adhering to “the law and the constitution.” The party passed several resolutions calling for the immediate release of Dr Mahrang Baloch and other detained party workers. The meeting also featured addresses from Iqra Baloch, the sister of Dr Mahrang Baloch, and BNP-M Senior Vice President Sajid Tareen Advocate, who also spoke on these pressing issues. (“Mengal announces ‘politics of resistance’ for people’s rights,” Dawn, 4 May 2025)
ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT & WATER
On allocation of water:
“It is Irsa’s responsibility to ensure fair dealing and equitable treatment as it manages water resources,” says an editorial in Dawn
On 4 May, an editorial in Dawn titled “Water Allocation” reviewed the current water distribution issues in Pakistan and the Indus River System Authority’s (Irsa) role in managing it. Due to improving flows in the water, the Irsa has called an advisory committee on 5 May, to review the current water availability situation for the rest of the Kharif season. According to the editorial, the water distribution decisions were delayed due to a severe shortage of water in the region in March, during which water was allocated only for drinking purposes—causing delays in farmers’ sowing activities. The editorial also suggested that with more water now available, provinces must agree on distribution to benefit all while safeguarding their interests considering the importance of agriculture to the economy. The recent wave of protests has revealed how quickly tensions can intensify over issues related to water distribution, regardless of whether the concerns are justified. This escalation can set off a series of reactions that may ultimately harm the broader economy. The editorial further pointed out that water would remain the central issue in internal politics and it would be prudent that there “increased transparency in allocation.” This is also crucial in addressing concerns about “theft and underreporting”. The editorial stressed that ultimately Irsa must ensure fair treatment and responsible management of water resources. (“Water allocation,” Dawn, 4 May)
MEDIA
Stakeholders rue shrinking media freedom on World Press Freedom Day
On4 May, The News International reported that a discussion was held at the Karachi Press Club on World Press Freedom Day, organized by the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) and the Karachi Union of Journalists (KUJ). Academics and activists expressed concern over shrinking media freedom, rising disinformation, and increasing state control. Speakers strongly criticized the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (Peca), saying it is being misused to target journalists, activists, and academics. Professor Tauseef Ahmed Khan compared current censorship trends to colonial-era laws and noted that weakening editorial standards reflect the broader decline of democratic institutions. Dr. Riaz Ahmed Shaikh raised alarm over growing censorship in universities, likening it to the Zia-ul-Haq era. Indian media was also criticized for fueling war hysteria and suppressing dissenting voices. Earlier, on January 26, 2023, QUJ protested journalist arrests following a PFUJ call. Veteran journalist Sohail Sangi affirmed that press freedom is fundamental to both democracy and the functioning of parliament. Rights activist Mehnaz Rehman stressed that media freedom is a collective concern and called for the abolition of the information ministry, which she accused of manipulating media content through control of government advertising. (Yousuf Katpar, “Concern voiced over shrinking media freedom, growing tide of disinformation,” The News International, 4 May 2025)
Balochistan journalists highlight media censorship on World Press Freedom Day
On 4 May, Dawn reported that journalists in Balochistan marked World Press Freedom Day (May 3) with a gathering at the Quetta Metropolitan Corporation to spotlight the growing threats to media freedom in the province. Organized by the Balochistan Union of Journalists (BUJ) and the Quetta Press Club, the event focused on issues such as censorship, job insecurity, and increasing state pressure. BUJ President Khalil Ahmed and Press Club President Irfan Saeed condemned these restrictions, emphasizing that they undermine Article 19 of Pakistan’s Constitution, which guarantees freedom of expression and press. A significant concern raised was the use of the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA), 2016, which journalists allege is being misused to suppress dissenting voices online. Legal intimidation has discouraged coverage of sensitive topics like corruption and governance. Financial instability was also discussed, as many media organizations fail to pay staff the official wage or minimum wage despite earning through advertisements. Amid growing unemployment and increasing pressure on journalists due to media shutdowns, the Balochistan Union of Journalists (BUJ) organized a protest in Quetta, demanding press freedom, job security, fair wages, repeal of repressive laws, and urging PEMRA to ensure editorial independence and fair employment practices. Chief Minister Sarfraz Bugti expressed solidarity with the press, acknowledged their financial struggles, and condemned the shutdown of media outlets in Quetta. He pledged to raise the issue with the Federal Ministry and advocated for more positive, diverse media coverage. (Saleem Shahid, “Journalists in Balochistan decry job cuts, censorship,” Dawn, 4 May 2025).
SOCIETY
On technology-facilitated gender-based violence:
“TF GBV needs urgent, systemic response; laws exist but are scattered and ineffective,” argues an opinion in Dawn
On 4 May, in an opinion in Dawn titled “Safety for women,” Rida Tahir referenced the United Nations 2024 Report which has highlighted that women journalists, politicians, activists, and young girls are most affected by technology-facilitated violence against women and girls (TF VAWG). In this regard, in Pakistan, protection systems such as the FIA’s cybercrime wing and special sexual offences investigation units under the Anti-Rape (Investigation and Trial) Act 2021, along with GBV courts and a national sex offenders’ registry, have been established. The Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016 was amended via the Criminal Laws (Amendment) Act, 2023 to define new online crimes including “child sexual abuse content” (Section 2 (vib)) and “sexually explicit conduct” (Section 2 (xxviia)). Section 22A addresses online grooming, solicitation, and cyber enticement; Section 22B criminalises commercial sexual exploitation of children; Section 22C targets use of information systems for kidnapping, abduction or trafficking of minors; and Section 24A defines cyber-bullying. Section 30B introduces victim and witness protection using video-conferencing and modern devices. Section 20 and Section 21 deal with offences against the dignity and modesty of a natural person and minor. However, gaps remain as the law does not criminalise non-consensual sharing or creation of intimate content or coercive online abuse. The editorial called for the establishment of an online safety commission to coordinate protection, monitor online harm trends, and implement a gender-responsive digital safety approach using AI and increasing women’s participation in tech. (Rida Tahir, “Safety for Women,” Dawn, 4 May 2025)
SECURITY
Pro-Pakistan protests at Indian High Commission in London
On 4 May, Dawn reported that large pro-Pakistan demonstrations were held outside the Indian High Commission in Aldwych, London. The protesters were from Pakistan Muslim League-N’s (PML-N) UK chapter and chanted slogans condemning India’s allegations against Pakistan’s involvement in the Pahalgam attack. The reported chants included “Gen Asim Munir Zindabad,” “Pakistan Zindabad,” Kashmir belongs to Pakistan,” and “We condemn Indian terrorism.” Slogans and chants against Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the Hindutva ideology were also reported. The PML-N UK President Anhas Dar stated that the protest was a symbol of Pakistan’s diasporic unity and support for Pakistan’s civil and military forces. He also condemned India’s allegations and demanded evidence. (“Pro-Pakistan demo outside Indian High Commission in London,” Dawn, 4 May 2025)
Advanced version of Abdali missile tested amid hostilities with India
On 4 May, Dawn, reported that Pakistan has successfully training launched the Abdali Weapon System as part of “Exercise INDUS.” This was revealed in a statement by the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR). The newly tested version of the missile has a range of 450 kilometers, in contrast to the original 180 km to 200 km range, and equipped with inertial guidance systems capable of targeting key infrastructure. ISPR stated that the test was carried out to “ensure the operational readiness of the troops”, and the enhanced manoeuvrability features. The missile also possesses relatively small warheads, and can be deployed from a Transporter-Erector-Launcher (TEL) vehicle due to its mobility and solid fuel propulsion. This move is widely interpreted as part of Islamabad’s ongoing nuclear signalling in response to Indian military and diplomatic pressure, by ensuring “credible minimum deterrence.” “By reasserting its nuclear deterrence, Pakistan is signalling to both India and major powers that any escalatory move by India can have unintended consequences,” Dawn cites Muhammad Faisal, South Asia security researcher from the University of Technology, Sydney. He cautioned that this stance might entangle Pakistan’s leadership in a “commitment trap,” where any response to Indian actions could necessitate vertical escalation, compelling India to retaliate further and deepening the risk of broader conflict. (“Pakistan tests enhanced version of Abdali missile,” Dawn, 4 May 2025)
Gunmen free ten prisoners near Mongocher; five policemen kidnapped
On 4 May, Dawn reported that gunmen freed 10 prisoners who were being transported from Gadani jail to Quetta and the central jail on 3 May. Five police personnel were also kidnapped in the process, while two officers dressed in civilian clothes remained safe. The prisoners included a convict who was awarded the death sentence and another life imprisonment, both tried for killing their wives. The other prisoners were alleged drug smugglers whose hearing was on 5 May. The armed men intercepted the private van near Mongochar on the Quetta-Karachi border. While no group has claimed responsibility, security forces have launched search operations in the hilly regions of Mongochar and surroundings. (“Gunmen intercept prison van in Kalat, kidnap five policemen”, Dawn, 4 May)
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They did not sit in any briefing in their government and used to cry, "What should I do, wage war?" What else can be expected from them? Their Tigers are still waging war against the country and institutions. This is what they can do: boycott the country at all 0times. They can never think like Pakistanis, despicable acts everywhere.
- Azma Zahid Bokhar
The people of Sindh are ready to face any situation for the release of the great leader of the Muslim Ummah, Imran Khan. Demand for the immediate release of Imran Khan.
Arsalan Khalid
- PTI
There was a knock on the door late at night to arrest me, as if it were a terrorist or a thief. Saddam Tareen
- PTI Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
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"The question is whether there are any favourable factors in play today that can halt the ongoing escalation and avert a head-on clash."
- An opinion in Dawn, 'Perilous hour.’
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