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In Focus
US flags Pakistani missiles as future threat to homeland
Foreign Office rejects the claim; says its missile programme is defensive and India-focused
On 18 March, the United States Intelligence Community warned that Pakistan’s advancing missile programme could eventually threaten the United States homeland, according to the 2026 Annual Threat Assessment presented by Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard. She told lawmakers that Pakistan is developing increasingly sophisticated ballistic missile systems, potentially including intercontinental ballistic missiles capable of striking distant targets. The report stated that Islamabad’s technological progress could extend its reach beyond South Asia if current trends continue. It grouped Pakistan with countries such as China, Russia, North Korea, and Iran in expanding missile capabilities with nuclear and conventional payload potential.
The assessment further highlighted concerns about weapons delivery systems that could challenge US missile defences and expand strategic threats globally. It noted that Pakistan continues to improve the range and accuracy of its missile arsenal, raising proliferation concerns and increasing uncertainty around long-term intent. The report also identified South Asia as a region of “enduring security challenges,” warning that tensions between Pakistan and India remain a risk for nuclear escalation. While acknowledging that neither country seeks open conflict, it referenced past crises triggered by attacks in disputed regions, like in Pahalgam last year, as potential flashpoints. The assessment projected a sharp rise in global missile threats by 2035, underscoring growing risks to US homeland security and international stability amid intensifying geopolitical competition.
In response, Pakistan categorically rejected the US claims, with Foreign Office spokesperson Tahir Hussain Andrabi stating that Pakistan’s missile capabilities are exclusively defensive and aimed at safeguarding national sovereignty. He emphasised that the programme remains rooted in a doctrine of credible minimum deterrence vis-à-vis India and does not extend to intercontinental ranges. Officials criticised the US assessment as misleading and lacking context, arguing that it overlooks regional security realities. Islamabad also pointed to India’s longer-range missile developments as a greater concern, urging the United States to adopt a more balanced and fact-based approach while reaffirming its commitment to regional peace, stability, and constructive engagement. (“2026 Annual Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community,” Office of the Director of National Intelligence, 18 March 2026; “Gabbard says Pakistan missiles a future threat to US, but experts push back,” Al Jazeera, 19 March 2026; “FO rejects US intelligence chief’s claims about Pakistan missile threat,” Dawn, 19 March 2026)
Pakistan-Afghanistan War Update
Pakistan and Afghanistan announce temporary pause in fighting for Eid
Temporary ceasefire to stay in place till 24 March following three weeks of cross-border clashes
On 19 March, The Express Tribune and Dawn reported that Pakistan and Afghanistan announced a temporary pause in hostilities ahead of Eidul Fitr, marking a rare de-escalation after days of heightened cross-border tensions. The ceasefire, effective from March 18/19 to March 23/24, was confirmed by both Islamabad and Kabul, with each side warning that violations could trigger renewed military action. Information Minister Attaullah Tarar said the move was a goodwill gesture, influenced by requests from countries including Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Türkiye. Afghan Taliban spokesperson Zabihullah Mujahid also confirmed a halt to operations, emphasising sovereignty while welcoming mediation efforts. The synchronised announcements suggested behind-the-scenes diplomacy aimed at preventing further escalation.
The pause in fighting, announced in connection with Eidul Fitr and ongoing diplomatic efforts, provided a brief window for calm amid otherwise strained ties between the two neighbours. However, the fragile truce came shortly after recent airstrikes and accusations from both sides regarding cross-border militancy. Separately, local tribal elders handed over the body of an Afghan national found at Zero Point on the Torkham border to Afghan authorities on humanitarian grounds. According to Shah Khalid, elders coordinated with officials after the ceasefire allowed access to the area. The body, reportedly lying for several days and in a decomposed state, was retrieved with difficulty and returned following confirmation of the individual’s identity by Afghan authorities.
The temporary truce comes following three weeks of intense clashes between the two neighbouring countries. Hostilities began on 26 February following Pakistani airstrikes on terrorist hideouts inside Afghanistan the weekend before. Afghanistan responded with its own strikes, which prompted Pakistan to launch a comprehensive military operation against Kabul. The fighting reached its peak when a Pakistani airstrike hit a drug rehabilitation centre in Kabul, killing over 140 civilians, according to the United Nations. Türkiye had initially offered to help re-establish the initial ceasefire, with Qatar and Saudi Arabia also reiterating the same. (“Pakistan, Afghanistan agree on Eid truce, pause military ops,” The Express Tribune, 19 March 2026; “Body of Afghan national handed over to Kabul officials,” Dawn, 20 March 2026)
In Focus
Islamic states, including Pakistan, urge Iran to halt attacks on Gulf countries
Foreign Office calls for "swift end to the ongoing conflict"
On 19 March, The Express Tribune reported that Pakistan joined 11 other Islamic countries in a joint statement issued after a ministerial meeting in Riyadh, urging Iran to immediately stop missile and drone attacks on Gulf states and regional allies. The statement condemned attacks on residential areas, civilian infrastructure, oil facilities, airports and diplomatic premises, and stressed that such actions could not be justified under any pretext. It also called for respect for international law, regional sovereignty and freedom of navigation, while emphasising diplomacy as the way to end the crisis and restore stability in the Middle East.
Pakistan’s Foreign Office said Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar briefed counterparts on Islamabad’s efforts to defuse the escalating regional crisis, stressing unity within the Muslim world. He called for “a swift end to the ongoing conflict” and reiterated the need for “dialogue and diplomacy,” while condemning Israel’s actions as “continued aggression and provocations.” Dar also denounced “unwarranted attacks” on civilians, energy sites and critical infrastructure, urging all sides to avoid steps that could “undermine the energy security of the region and beyond.” (“Pakistan joins Islamic countries urging Iran to halt attacks on Gulf states,” The Express Tribune, 19 March 2026; "Pakistan, other Muslim nations urge Iran to stop attacks on Gulf states," The News International, 19 March 2026)
In Brief
ECONOMY
ADB unveils five-year USD 10 billion financing plan for Pakistan
On 18 March, Dawn reported that the Asian Development Bank (ADB) plans to extend about USD 10 billion in financing to Pakistan over five years under its Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) 2026-30, aimed at supporting “sustainable and inclusive growth” through private sector-led development. The strategy focuses on three pillars: enabling private sector growth, advancing inclusion and empowerment, and strengthening resilience and sustainability, supported by reforms in governance, digital transformation, and regional cooperation. ADB’s Pakistan Country Director Emma Fan said the CPS seeks to “promote robust and lasting growth… especially [for] the poor and vulnerable,” while stimulating investment and job creation. The report noted improved macroeconomic stability, with GDP growth at 3.1 per cent and inflation falling to 4.5 per cent, but warned that structural challenges—such as a narrow export base, weak infrastructure, governance gaps, and climate vulnerability—must be addressed through sustained reforms to unlock long-term economic potential. ("ADB to provide $10bn in financing to Pakistan under new 5-year strategy," Dawn, 18 March 2026)
Government pushes fuel-saving measures
On 20 March, Dawn reported that the federal government urged the public to adopt fuel-conservation measures to reduce consumption, as tensions in the Middle East are causing more disruptions in the oil supply chain, with the Strait of Hormuz blocked. Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif held a review meeting on fuel-saving efforts and the implementation of austerity measures. The meeting was also attended by Chief of Defence Forces Field Marshal Asim Munir, National Security Adviser Lt-Gen Asim Malik, and several federal ministers. The government urged people to carpool and avoid unnecessary travel due to the unstable situation in the region. PM Shehbaz also issued directives for a “comprehensive strategy” in consultations with the provinces to deal with any “emergency situation”. (“Govt urges conservation amid risks to fuel supply,” Dawn, 20 March 2026)
FDI falls drastically in FY26
On 20 March, Dawn reported that foreign direct investments (FDI) had drastically fallen during FY26. The FDI during July-February fell by 33.3 per cent, or USD 598 million, to USD 1.195 billion. The government also sent abroad USD 1.726 billion as profits on foreign investments during July-February FY26, an increase of USD 164 million or 10.5 per cent. The highest profit outflow was for the UK, which rose to USD 444 million in eight months of FY26, down from USD 496 million in the same period last year. China recorded the second-highest profit outflow, reaching USD 433 million. Other significant profit recipients were the US with USD 160 million, the Netherlands with USD 155 million, and the UAE with USD 120 million. The highest outflow is from the power sector, accounting for USD 422 million. (“Outflow of profits rises, FDI plunges,” Dawn, 20 March 2026)
Limited storage facilities make Pakistan more vulnerable to fuel supply shocks amid Gulf crisis
On 20 March, Dawn reported that, as per a report by US think tank Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), Pakistan remains the most vulnerable country in South Asia following the Gulf shipping crisis. Pakistan receives 99 per cent of its liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports from Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, making it particularly vulnerable to disruptions in Gulf energy flows. It would be difficult for Pakistan to absorb supply shocks, as countries have limited storage and procurement flexibility, the report found. In South Asia, while Bangladesh sources about 72 per cent of its LNG imports from Qatar and the UAE and India about 53 per cent, Pakistan’s 99 per cent dependence makes it the most exposed in proportional terms. (“Pakistan among most vulnerable countries as Gulf shipping crisis jolts South Asia,” Dawn, 20 March 2026)
5G services to roll out across some cities in Pakistan
On 20 March, Dawn reported that telecommunication companies announced the launch of 5G services in some parts of the country. Last week in a spectrum auction, 480 megahertz (MHz) were sold for USD 507 million. In the first phase of 5G rollout, the services are to be provided across 180 sites in Islamabad, all four provincial capitals, Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar and Quetta, as well as in Rawalpindi, Multan and Faisalabad. PM Shehbaz Sharif called the acquisition of 5G spectrum a “milestone” for Pakistan in terms of industry, agriculture and technology. (“Telecos awarded licences for 5G spectrum, announce launch of services in some cities,” Dawn, 20 March 2026)
EXTERNAL
Pakistan rejects Israeli envoy’s remarks, points to Gaza and international law violations
On 19 March, Dawn reported that Pakistan's foreign office strongly disagreed with comments made by Israel's ambassador to India. The ambassador had made these comments in an interview with Indian news anchor Arnab Goswami, which was shared on social media. Pakistan's foreign office called the comments "baseless" and pointed out that Israel has a history of aggression, including its occupation of Palestinian land, the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, and the fact that Israeli leaders have been accused of wrongdoing in international courts. The foreign office said that countries should respect international law instead of trying to distract from it. This response came after the Israeli ambassador seemed to call Pakistan a "rogue state" with nuclear weapons while talking about Pakistan's defence relationships with Saudi Arabia in the context of the current conflict in the region. (“‘Baseless characterisation’: FO rejects remarks by Israel’s ambassador to India,” Dawn, 19 March 2026)
Pakistan praises Türkiye’s role in Pakistan-Afghanistan peace efforts
On 19 March, Dawn reported that Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif had a conversation with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. During their talk, the Prime Minister recognised the helpful role Turkiye has been playing in trying to bring peace between Pakistan and Afghanistan, especially with the recent announcement of a temporary ceasefire for Eid. He also strongly condemned the missile attacks on Turkiye and reaffirmed Pakistan's support for the country. Both leaders agreed that talking things through and using diplomacy is the best way to achieve peace in the region. The leaders think that by working together and using peaceful methods, both countries can make the area more stable and secure and that this is a positive step towards reducing tensions and promoting understanding between the countries involved. (“In call with Erdogan, PM acknowledges Turkiye’s role in promoting peace between Pakistan, Afghanistan,” Dawn, 19 March 2026)
POLITICS & GOVERNANCE
PTI leaders denied access to Imran Khan, CM seeks Eid family meetings
On 20 March, Dawn reported that PTI leaders were once again denied permission to meet Imran Khan at Adiala Jail despite submitting a court-directed list, with leaders waiting past the allowed hours without approval. Party representatives raised concerns over his health and lack of access to medical reports, noting that no family or leaders had met him for over two months. Meanwhile, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chief Minister Sohail Afridi wrote to Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif requesting that close family members be allowed to meet Imran Khan and Bushra Bibi during Eid on legal and humanitarian grounds, citing prison rules and the importance of family access. (“PTI leaders yet again denied meeting with Imran,” Dawn, 20 March 2026)
ENVIRONMENT
20 killed as thunderstorm wreaks havoc in Karachi
On 19 March, Dawn reported that at least 20 people were killed and eight were injured after a thunderstorm accompanied by heavy rain and strong winds struck Karachi on Wednesday night, causing widespread destruction. According to Additional Inspector General Azad Khan, most fatalities occurred due to wall and roof collapses, including 13 deaths in Saeedabad and two in Quaidabad. At the same time, other casualties were reported in areas such as Gulistan-i-Jauhar, Orangi Town, Malir and Clifton. One person also died after being struck by lightning in Shah Latif Town. Karachi Mayor Murtaza Wahab said 55mm of rainfall was recorded but maintained that the city remained largely functional. Meanwhile, the Pakistan Meteorological Department forecast more rain due to an ongoing westerly wave, warning of continued thunderstorms and fluctuating temperatures. (“20 killed, 8 injured in rain-related incidents across Karachi: police,” Dawn, 19 March 2026)
Editorials/Opinions
War & geopolitics
Abbas Nasir, “Iran’s escalation dominance,” Dawn, 20 March 2026
"The ongoing hostilities in the Israel-US war on Iran — with Tehran raining missiles and drones on the Zionist apartheid state and Washington’s interests in the region in retaliation for attacks on Iran’s military sites and infrastructure, including energy assets, and the mass murder of its leaders and schoolgirls — is one side of the equation. The other side consists of the fog generated by disinformation, claims, denials and spin."
https://www.dawn.com/news/1983942/irans-escalation-dominance
Syed Mohammad Ali, “Unrecognised environmental costs of conflict,” The Express Tribune, 20 March 2026
"When assessing the costs of war, attention is typically directed toward human suffering, economic loss and geopolitical instability. Yet another major cost often goes unnoticed: the massive environmental destruction that conflicts unleash. War degrades ecosystems, accelerates climate change and leaves toxic legacies that continue damaging both nature and the people who depend on it."
https://tribune.com.pk/story/2598489/unrecognised-environmental-costs-of-conflict
Pakistan-Afghanistan
Durdana Najam, “Pakistan: bulwark against Afghan terror spillover,” The Express Tribune, 20 March 2026
"The adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 2818 on March 16, 2026 should have served as a moment of global clarity. Instead, it risks becoming yet another document filed away in the long history of warnings ignored. Nearly three decades after United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267 formally condemned the Taliban regime for providing safe havens to terrorist organisations such as Al-Qaeda, the international community finds itself confronting the same grim reality: Afghanistan remains a sanctuary for transnational militancy."
https://tribune.com.pk/story/2598316/pakistan-bulwark-against-afghan-terror-spillover
Editorial, “Pause in fighting,” The Express Tribune, 20 March 2026
"The pause in fighting between Afghanistan and Pakistan on the eve of Eid is a promising development, and must graduate into a permanent ceasefire. The cessation of hostilities has apparently come under the good offices of Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkiye, underscoring the need for tranquility in the region. The discord between Kabul and Islamabad is rooted in the audacity of the former to ignore the menace of terrorism. Thus came Ghazab Lil Haq. But the military operation is meant only to exterminate the terror nexus operating from the Afghan soil, and is in no way against the people or the government of Afghanistan."
https://tribune.com.pk/story/2598490/pause-in-fighting
Nuclear weapons
Editorial, “Pakistan’s right,” Dawn, 20 March 2026
"The US director of national intelligence, Tulsi Gabbard, recently made uncalled-for comments regarding Pakistan’s missile and nuclear capabilities. The Foreign Office must be commended for promptly setting the record straight. The US should avoid the perception that it plays favourites in South Asia. India’s missile capabilities extend beyond 12,000 km. As such, they should be a much bigger problem."
https://www.dawn.com/news/1983937/pakistans-right
Education
Editorial, “Active learning,” Dawn, 20 March 2026
"On March 1, following news of the assassination of Iran’s Supreme Leader, parts of Gilgit-Baltistan and Karachi witnessed protests that turned violent. The clashes resulted in the loss of several innocent lives. Multiple buildings were burned and curfew was imposed in Skardu and Gilgit City for several days. Unfortunately, Pakistan has a history of protests where information combined with emotions generate a tragic collective response. Many factors, including political and religious realities, shape such incidents; but such events also invite us to reflect deeply and ask: how can education equip humans with the ability to think, process information and respond responsibly, particularly in turbulent times? Some scholars argue that education should uphold peace by transforming people’s values and behaviour and building inter-group relationships, which are in line with the principles of non-violence."
https://www.dawn.com/news/1983939/active-learning
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