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In Focus
Pakistan, Türkiye, Qatar and Indonesia sign Badr Pact
Deal aims to strengthen defence cooperation, military capabilities, research and technology transfer
On 21 October, Dawn and The Express Tribune reported that Pakistan, Türkiye, Qatar and Indonesia signed the Badr Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in Doha to strengthen defence cooperation and military capabilities. The agreement aims to promote joint military production, research and development, technical training, technology transfer and industrial collaboration. Pakistan’s Defence Minister Khawaja Asif said the partnership would strengthen self-reliance and contribute to regional peace and stability.
The pact seeks to move beyond conventional arms procurement towards joint production, technology sharing and stronger domestic defence industries. Türkiye’s defence industry chief, Haluk Görgün, said the agreement would translate the four countries’ complementary capabilities into concrete projects. It builds on existing partnerships, including Türkiye-Pakistan naval cooperation, the joint development of the KAPLAN MT tank by Türkiye and Indonesia, and Qatar’s collaboration with Turkish companies on drones, armoured vehicles and weapons systems.
The agreement comes amid expanding regional security cooperation. Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye signed the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement in August, while Pakistan and Qatar have intensified engagement on security and regional diplomacy, including mediation efforts related to the US-Iran conflict. The pact also aligns with Türkiye’s growing defence industry ambitions: its defence and aerospace exports totalled approximately USD 54 billion between 2012 and September 2026, with more than 55 per cent generated during 2023-2026. (“Pakistan, Qatar, Turkiye and Indonesia sign 'Badr' defence cooperation pact,” Dawn, 21 October 2026; “Pakistan, Turkiye, Qatar, Indonesia sign defence cooperation accord,” The Express Tribune, 21 October 2026)
In Brief
SECURITY
Balochistan: PKR 14 billion spent on counterterrorism, 18 laws passed and 17 institutions set up, says home minister
On 21 October, Dawn reported that Balochistan's Home Minister Ziaullah Langove, CM adviser Shahid Rind and Additional Chief Secretary Home Hamza Shafqaat told a joint press conference that the provincial government had passed 18 laws, set up 17 institutions and departments and spent more than PKR 14 billion on counterterrorism under the National Action Plan, Counter Terrorism Policy and Provincial Action Plan. Officials claimed more than 60,000 operations had been conducted up to October, killing over 1,000 terrorists, with the CTD alone accounting for 250 killed and 250 arrested, while 101 police personnel, about 200 other law enforcement personnel and 551 civilians had been killed in militant violence. They said measures had been taken to secure the Quetta-Rakhni, Quetta-Karachi and Quetta-Taftan highways and expressed confidence that the security situation would improve over the next three to four months. ("Balochistan says Rs14bn spent to counter terrorism," Dawn, 21 October 2026)
Balochistan: Army major killed in IED attack as four terrorists killed in Kalat operation
On 19 October, Dawn reported that the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) said four terrorists were killed in an intelligence-based operation in Kalat district, Balochistan. A separate clearance operation in Pasni, Gwadar, claimed the life of Major Wajahat Waheed, a 34-year-old Lahore resident, in an improvised explosive device attack. ISPR said sanitisation operations would continue in the area. The military’s media wing described the campaign as relentless and pledged to eliminate foreign-sponsored terrorism. According to the Pakistan Institute for Conflict and Security Studies (PICSS), Balochistan recorded 89 terrorist attacks in August. (“Pakistan Army officer martyred, 4 terrorists killed in Balochistan IBOs: ISPR,” Dawn, 19 October 2026)
Punjab: CTD arrests eight suspected terrorists and recovers explosive material
On 18 October, Dawn reported that the Counter Terrorism Department (CTD) arrested eight suspected terrorists from several areas of Punjab. A CTD spokesperson said 91 intelligence-based operations were conducted across the province, with as many people questioned. The suspects were arrested from Gujranwala, Bahawalpur, Chenab, Rawalpindi, Bhakkar and Sargodha. Teams recovered 465 grams of explosive material, two hand grenades, three safety fuse wires and banned material. Seven cases under terrorism charges have been registered against the suspects. Mobile phones and pamphlets were also seized from their custody. (“CTD arrests eight suspected terrorists in Punjab,” Dawn, 18 October 2026)
POLITICS & GOVERNANCE
PTI leaders clash publicly over protest debacle and KP leadership
On 22 October, Dawn reported that the Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf has publicly turned on itself after its failed protest march. PTI Secretary General Salman Akram Raja rebuked Khyber Pakhtunkhwa lawmakers who proposed former Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chief Minister Ali Amin Gandapur as acting provincial president. Gandapur hit back on X, demanding that Raja apologise for calling dissidents “snakes and serpents.” The lawmakers had met on 14 October, endorsing Gandapur in place of Member of the National Assembly Junaid Akbar, who has been missing since governor’s rule was imposed. A woman parliamentarian also demanded accountability for the march’s failure. (“PTI leadership ‘turns on itself’ after protest debacle,” Dawn, 22 October 2026)
Peshawar High Court issues notices on petitions challenging KP emergency and governor’s rule
On 20 October, Dawn reported that the Peshawar High Court issued notices to the federal and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa governments over petitions challenging emergency and governor’s rule. PTI Chairman Barrister Gohar Ali Khan moved the court on 14 October, arguing that the provincial assembly’s approval was never obtained. The two-member bench adjourned the hearing till 10 November after preliminary arguments. Counsel also argued that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chief Minister Sohail Afridi and the provincial speaker were missing, seeking their recovery and the assembly’s restoration. (“PHC issues notices in petitions challenging governor’s rule, emergency in KP; hearing adjourned till Nov 10,” Dawn, 20 October 2026)
Lahore High Court seeks interior ministry reply on missing TLP Pakistan leaders
On 21 October, Dawn reported that the Lahore High Court sought the Interior Ministry’s reply on two missing Tehreek-i-Labbaik Pakistan (TLP) leaders, Saad and Ans Rizvi. Justice Muhammad Jawad Zafar heard a petition filed by party leader Sarwat Fatima. Thirty station house officers denied arresting the brothers, though they were declared proclaimed offenders by antiterrorism courts. The court directed the ministry to submit its reply by 27 October. Police claim the brothers fled to "Azad Jammu and Kashmir", while the banned party alleges security agencies are holding them. (“Interior ministry asked to report on ‘missing’ TLP leaders by Lahore High Court,” Dawn, 21 October 2026)
JI announces third phase of nationwide protests against petroleum levy
On 21 October, Dawn reported that the Jamaat-i-Islami (JI) Pakistan will launch the third phase of its nationwide protest against the petroleum levy on Friday, with sit-ins planned in all districts. The government currently levies PKR 114 per litre on petrol and PKR 100 on diesel. JI Pakistan chief Hafiz Naeemur Rehman demands complete abolition of the levy. The party says the government has made no further contact over a proposed meeting with Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. Rehman has warned that street protests will decide the matter if relief is delayed. (“JI announces third wave of anti-levy protests across country on Friday,” Dawn, 21 October 2026)
PTI demands trust-building steps before talks with government
On 22 October, Dawn reported that the PTI called on the government to take confidence-building measures before meaningful dialogue. PTI Central Information Secretary Sheikh Waqas Akram demanded reversal of measures the party considers unlawful, restoration of the provincial government’s mandate and release of political prisoners. He also sought protection of founder Imran Khan’s rights, including meetings with lawyers and family. Akram condemned raids, detentions and pressure on elected representatives in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Rejecting Information Minister Attaullah Tarar’s remarks, he challenged ruling parties to contest elections against the PTI. (“PTI asks govt to ‘rebuild trust’ if it is serious about talks,” Dawn, 22 October 2026)
Khawaja Asif questions loyalty of senior bureaucrats who planned to settle abroad
On 18 October, The Express Tribune reported that Defence Minister Khawaja Asif questioned the commitment of senior bureaucrats who allegedly planned to settle abroad while serving. Asif said many officers had made Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and European countries their permanent homes. He identified Portugal as a destination for what he described as a bureaucratic exodus. Asif alleged an individual facilitating residency arrangements fled after collecting substantial sums from influential officials. He did not name anyone or provide documentary evidence. The claims have not been independently verified. (“Khawaja Asif raises alarm over bureaucrats’ ‘exodus’ to Portugal,” The Express Tribune, 18 October 2026)
EXTERNAL
CDF Munir holds meeting with Iran President Pezeshkian
On 21 October, Dawn reported that Chief of Defence Forces (CDF) Asim Munir had held a meeting with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and other top Iranian leaders during a visit to Tehran. Pakistani interior minister Mohsin Naqvi was amongst the dignitaries attending the meeting. The objective of the visit was trying to reach a common diplomatic ground amidst ongoing hostilities in West Asia. However, no official agreement was announced following the meeting. Iranian Parliament speaker Bagher Ghalibaf reportedly informed Munir that the US needed to accept Iran’s seven-point proposal for peace as a step towards rebuilding trust. It was also reiterated by Ghalibaf that Iran would not make any concessions under pressure. The secretary of the Supreme National Security Council, Mohsen Rezaei, stated that Tehran considered its enriched nuclear material to be a national asset intended for domestic use, which would not be surrendered. (“CDF Munir- Pezeshkian meeting raises peace hopes,” Dawn, 21 October 2026)
Pakistan and Canada commence discussions on bilateral treaty to improve FDI
On 20 October, Dawn reported that Pakistan and Canada had begun negotiations on the third round of the Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) to improve the flow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) between the two states. Pakistani Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC) Secretary Jamil Ahmad Qureshi and Canadian High Commissioner Tarik Ali Khan led the discussions, respectively. The negotiations are expected to take place from 19 to 21 October. Qureshi commended the Canadian delegation for their commitment and informed that the conclusion of the BIT would be significant for Pakistan- Canada relations. Khan also thanked the Pakistani government for its constructive approach and hosting the discussions. (“Pakistan, Canada discuss foreign direct investment flow,” Dawn, 20 October 2026)
Pakistan and Qatar find common ground in improving internal security cooperation
On 20 October, Dawn reported that Pakistan and Qatar had agreed to strengthen bilateral cooperation on internal security. The Pakistani Interior Ministry issued a statement that Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi and Qatari Interior Minister Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani held a meeting in Doha, reaffirming their commitment towards improving cooperation. Naqvi praised Qatar for its efforts towards ensuring US-Iran talks, and informed that both countries wished to “stop further conflict.” (“Pakistan, Qatar agree to strengthen internal security cooperation,” Dawn, 20 October 2026)
Foreign Minister urges SCO member states to engage in greater usage of national currencies
On 20 October, Dawn reported that Pakistani Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar had encouraged member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) to use their national currencies more for “mutual settlement”. Dar made the remarks while addressing the SCO Council of Heads of Government (CHG) meeting in Dushanbe. He also stated in his address that SCO member states needed to establish other financial mechanisms to “offset international financial shocks.” The establishment of the SCO Development Bank, SCO Development Fund and SCO Investment Fund were other key points raised by him. According to Dar, these measures would also assist in advancing development initiatives. (“At SCO, Dar calls for promoting use of national currencies to help offset global economic shocks,” Dawn, 20 October 2026)
CDF Munir and Maldives President emphasise improving defence cooperation
On 21 October, Dawn reported that CDF Asim Munir and Maldives President Mohamed Muizzu had emphasised the need to strengthen bilateral defence cooperation. Radio Pakistan reported that the meeting occurred during Muizzu’s ongoing three-day visit to Pakistan, which began on 20 October. According to the Radio Pakistan report, both Munir and Muizzu stressed the importance of greater defence cooperation, institutional linkages and professional exchanges. The report further stated that Munir highlighted Pakistan’s commitment towards the promotion of peace, stability and security in South Asia through constructive engagement, which was appreciated by Muizzu. Earlier, the Pakistani and Maldivian governments signed 20 memorandums of understanding (MoUs). Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif held bilateral and delegation-level talks with Muizzu. Shehbaz said that these talks covered a wide range of topics such as economic and trade relations, strategic defence cooperation and support for training of Maldivian citizens in fields like police and health in Pakistan. The PM also stated that Islamabad and Male had agreed to improve bilateral trade from USD 13.9 million to USD 200 million in the next two years. According to Shehbaz, the current nature of Pakistan-Maldives ties did not “reflect the true strength of our economic cooperation.” Another key point raised by Shehbaz was the promise of Pakistani support for providing technical expertise to various segments, including the setting up of data centres. Separately, Muizzu appreciated the Pakistani government and citizens for their hospitality. He also stated that the talks showed a shared ambition to move Pakistan- Maldives ties to a new era. The President further informed that the MoUs would lead to new avenues for cooperation. (“Maldives President, CDF Munir stress importance of strengthening defence cooperation,” Dawn, 21 October 2026)
Pakistan demands UN resolution on Palestine be implemented
On 19 October, The Express Tribune reported that Pakistan urged the full, good-faith implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 2803. Radio Pakistan reported that Pakistan had called for the implementation of the resolution and the New York Declaration for protecting Palestinian territorial integrity, and assuring a path towards statehood. Muhammad Faheem, Pakistan Mission to the UN Second Secretary, stated that the current ceasefire in Gaza must be upheld. He also noted ongoing ceasefire violations. (“Pakistan calls for UN action on Palestine,” The Express Tribune, 19 October 2026)
Pakistan to get first astronaut with mission from Chinese space centre
On 18 October, Dawn reported that Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal had announced that the first Pakistani astronaut would undertake a space mission from a Chinese space centre on 25 November. The Planning Ministry issued a statement that Iqbal had announced this during the concluding ceremony of World Space Week, which was held in collaboration with the Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (Suparco). The astronaut will be one of the two pilots, Zeeshan Ali and Khurram Daud, whom China selected as candidates for its manned space programme in April this year. The two candidates have been undergoing intensive training in Beijing. A Suparco official informed that the chosen astronaut would be responsible for the role of “payload specialist”, or running Pakistan’s science experiments in orbit. According to the planning ministry, Iqbal stated in his address that Pakistan was aiming for a lunar landing by 2035, and hoped that Pakistani collaboration with China would help reach “new heights in space exploration.” Iqbal also noted the importance of scientific research and space exploration in technological advancement. He further called for renewed efforts towards restoring Pakistani leadership in knowledge and research, like how Muslim scholars had once made significant contributions to astronomy and scientific discovery. (“First Pakistani astronaut to undertake space mission from China on Nov 25: Ahsan Iqbal,” Dawn, 18 October 2026)
Foreign Minister urges SCO member states to engage in greater usage of national currencies
On 20 October, Dawn reported that Pakistani Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar had encouraged member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) to use their national currencies more for “mutual settlement”. Dar made the remarks while addressing the SCO Council of Heads of Government (CHG) meeting in Dushanbe. He also stated in his address that SCO member states needed to establish other financial mechanisms to “offset international financial shocks.” The establishment of the SCO Development Bank, SCO Development Fund and SCO Investment Fund were other key points raised by him. According to Dar, these measures would also assist in advancing development initiatives. (“At SCO, Dar calls for promoting use of national currencies to help offset global economic shocks,” Dawn, 20 October 2026)
ECONOMY
LPG prices surge to record levels in colder parts of country
On 21 October, Dawn reported that LPG prices surged to record levels in colder parts of the country, reaching up to PKR 600 per kg in hilly areas and PKR 500 per kg in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Daily LPG consumption is around 4,000-4,500 tonnes, but it rises to 6,000-7,000 tonnes per day during peak winter. The price of a domestic LPG cylinder has reached PKR 7,200 in hilly areas and PKR 6,000 in Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pakistan produces between 2,000 and 2,500 tonnes of LPG daily, and imports and smuggles an equal amount from Iran. The recent surge in open-market prices is due to the sudden closure of all trading points with Iran.LPG Distributors Association Chairman warned that prices could rise further in the coming days, adding to the financial burden on households that depend on LPG for cooking and heating. (“LPG hits record Rs 600 a kg amid shortages,” Dawn, 21 October 2026)
IMF urges Pakistan to focus on policy credibility and foster space for public investment
On 21 October, Dawn reported that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has called for Pakistan’s fiscal policy to go beyond achieving primary balance targets and protecting debt sustainability by reinforcing policy credibility, fostering economic recovery and creating space for public investment and social spending to support stronger long-term growth. During a workshop organised by the Ministry of Finance and Revenue in collaboration with the IMF, the IMF Middle East and Central Asia Department Director said Pakistan had made important progress towards restoring macroeconomic stability, rebuilding confidence, strengthening external buffers and supporting a gradual economic recovery despite an era of shocks and uncertainty. He credited Pakistan for the progress made. However, he said the next milestone was to turn stabilisation into stronger and more durable growth by moving beyond cycles of adjustment towards a more competitive, investment-friendly and inclusive economy. (“IMF urges Pakistan to move beyond fiscal targets,” Dawn, 21 October 2026)
Government increases profit rates on several National Savings schemes
On 21 October, Dawn reported that the government has increased profit rates on several national savings schemes, including those for pensioners, senior citizens and families of martyrs, with the revised rates taking effect from 21 October. According to the revised schedule issued by the Central Directorate of National Savings (CDNS), the profit rate on Behbood Savings Certificates, Pensioners’ Benefit Accounts and Shuhada’s Family Welfare Accounts has been raised to 12.96 per cent from 12.72 per cent. The increase will raise the monthly profit on an investment of PKR 100,000 under these schemes to PKR 1,080 from PKR 1,060. The profit rate on Special Savings Certificates has been increased to 12 per cent from 11.6 per cent for the first five profit payments. Under the revised schedule, investors will receive PKR 6,000 on an investment of PKR 100,000 every six months, while the sixth and final profit payment will be PKR 6,400 at a rate of 12.8 per cent. The government has also increased returns on Sharia-compliant savings schemes. Profit rates on Sarwa Islamic Term Accounts now range between 11.84 per cent and 12.12 per cent for different maturities, while the rate on Sarwa Islamic Savings Accounts has been raised to 11.84 per cent from 11.33 per cent. (“Profit rates on National Savings schemes increased from Oct 21,” Dawn, 21 October 2026)
Business representatives highlight concerns over high energy costs and levies
On 22 October, Dawn reported that the Commerce Minister acknowledged mounting pressures from rising energy, transport and freight costs, higher taxation and shifting global trade conditions. During a meeting, the Minister told leading exporters that the government was engaging directly with industry stakeholders to identify practical solutions through coordinated efforts involving relevant ministries and regulatory authorities. He emphasised the need to diversify Pakistan’s export basket, promote value-added products, explore new international markets and remove structural barriers affecting exporters. During the meeting, Business representatives appreciated the Exim Bank scheme for exporters, calling it a positive initiative to improve access to export financing and support businesses seeking to expand internationally. However, they highlighted concerns about high energy costs, the captive power gas levy, provincial infrastructure levies, and rising production expenses. Petroleum Division officials clarified the gas levy mechanism. The exporters also discussed international shipping delays, port facilitation, tax refunds and banking regulations, and proposed greater flexibility in payment settlement periods due to disruptions in global logistics. (“Export sector warns of losing competitiveness,” Dawn, 22 October 2026)
World Bank to help mobilise private investment in Pakistan
On 22 October, Dawn reported that the World Bank will help Pakistan mobilise private investment and broaden access to risk capital for innovative, high-growth firms. The “Pakistan Entrepreneurship and Private Investment Catalyst Project”, expected to be approved by the World Bank Executive Board in early 2027, will help the government establish and capitalise a USD 50 million Fund of Funds (FoF) to catalyse Pakistan’s nascent innovation and venture capital ecosystem. The FoF will invest in professionally managed venture capital funds, helping expand the supply of early-stage and growth capital for innovative, high-growth firms. (“World Bank to support Pakistani start-ups,” Dawn, 22 October 2026)
Government needs to take cautious approach to solarisation
On 19 October, The Express Tribune reported that Pakistan's power sector has been in crisis since 2004, when oil prices spiked by around 56 per cent in a single year. The trend continued until 2008, when prices peaked at almost five times their initial value in 2004. The country was then heavily dependent upon furnace oil for power generation. As a result, between 2004 and 2008, the annual energy import bill of Pakistan increased by around 2.5 times. From 2019 to 2026, GDP growth has generally remained sluggish. The same in turn, has continued to further increase the ratio of the capacity charge in the payments to the sellers. A major catalyst was the introduction of the Net Metering Regulations in September 2015, associated with solar power. Due to the economic benefits it offered, it virtually caused an exodus of users from the grid. For example, industrial power consumption from the grid was 29,885 gigawatt hours (GWh) in FY2020-21 and 29,114 GWh by 2024-25, despite a 7.5 per cent increment in users in this category on the DISCO grid during the period. The magnitude of the impact solar ingress has caused in our economy is that out of its aggregate installed solar capacity, hardly 13 per cent is integrated with the grid. After applying the commonly used capacity utilisation factor in the range of 18 per cent to 22 per cent, the estimated maximum net capacity of the off-grid system alone comes out to be above 10,000MW. A highly encouraging development, though initiated under International Monetary Fund (IMF) pressure, is the effort which is under way since early last year to eliminate captive power and divert the associated load to the grid. There is also a need to take several steps. The government should be very cautious while intervening in solarisation. It has proven to be the biggest saviour for our economy. The perennially open drain on the economy called capacity charge continues to widen. Therefore, there is a clear and urgent requirement to renegotiate the evidently pro-sellers' power purchase agreements and bring the required balance to them. Governments also need to keep an eye on the changes in our energy fabric in the context of our carbon footprint and commitments to the United Nations regarding reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. (“Solar is our saviour, capacity to charge our drain,” The Express Tribune, 19 October 2026)
Foreign investment in domestic bonds reaches USD 188 million in first nine days of October
On 18 October, Dawn reported that Foreign investment in Pakistan’s domestic bonds reached USD 188 million in the first nine days of October, indicating growing overseas interest and opening another source of dollar inflows for the government. During the first nine days of October, treasury bills attracted USD 78 million, while PIBs received USD 110 million. Pakistan has long sought greater foreign investment in government securities, but most previous inflows were limited to short-term instruments and remained relatively modest. Foreign investment outflows during the nine days stood at USD 38.16 million, significantly lower than the USD 188 million inflow. The largest investment came from the United Arab Emirates, which invested USD 50 million in T-bills and USD 80 million in PIBs during the period. Bahrain invested USD 30 million in PIBs and USD 10 million in T-bills during the first nine days of October. (“Gulf inflows in domestic bonds,” Dawn, 18 October 2026)
PROVINCES
ICT: Election Commission orders fresh election programme for Islamabad local polls under 2015 Act
On 21 October, Dawn reported that a five-member ECP bench headed by CEC Sikandar Sultan Raja directed its office to prepare forthwith and issue the election programme for Islamabad Capital Territory local government elections under the ICT Local Government Act, 2015, and to complete all steps expeditiously. The order followed a hearing on repeated delays in which ECP officials said delimitation had been carried out six times. Schedules were issued four times, and the 2026 amendment ordinance lapsed on 6 September before replacement legislation could be enacted, with the Law Ministry refusing to vet draft rules; the interior secretary argued that reverting to the 2015 law would mean scrapping everything, while Raja said delimitations would not be affected and remarked that "it appears that the government does not wish to hold local government elections in Islamabad." Islamabad has had no elected local government since its term expired in February 2021, against a constitutional requirement to hold fresh polls within 120 days. ("ECP orders fresh schedule for Islamabad local government polls," Dawn, 21 October 2026)
Punjab: Police nominates 14 officers for anti-money laundering training in China
On 19 October, The Express Tribune reported that Punjab’s inspector general of police had nominated 14 officers for specialised training in China from 28 October to 10 November to strengthen Pakistan’s efforts to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. The programme will cover methods to detect and prevent illicit financial flows, including trade-based money laundering and the movement of precious minerals that could finance terrorism and other illegal activities. The training will familiarise Pakistan’s officers with techniques for tracking and preventing illicit transactions. The initiative comes after Pakistan’s removal from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) grey list following reported improvements in its anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing measures. The nominated participants include senior officers from the Punjab Constabulary, Counter-Terrorism Department, Special Branch, Lahore Traffic Police and other provincial police units. (“Punjab cops to get specialised training in China,” The Express Tribune, 19 October 2026)
SOCIETY
Since 2021, 65 per cent of surveyed journalists in Sindh faced threats, report finds
On 22 October, Dawn reported that a Freedom Network study, "From safety on paper to safety in practice," found that the federal and Sindh journalist protection commissions set up under the 2022 laws need more powers, accessible complaint routes and resources to deliver timely protection. In a baseline survey of about 40 Sindh journalists, 70 per cent knew a protection law existed but 65 per cent of them did not know where to find the commission's office or complaint route, while 65 per cent reported work-related threats or interference since 2021 and 51 per cent said employers had not briefed them on safety procedures, insurance or legal help; the report notes these figures describe the surveyed group, not province-wide prevalence. The federal commission's chair cited staffing, budget and administrative constraints, while Sindh's chair disputed that journalists lacked trust in the body and said 44 media outlets had not replied to its queries; the report recommends confidential complaint channels, urgent risk assessments, designated caseworkers, police escalation procedures and publication of anonymised outcomes and spending. ("Journalist safety laws only on paper due to weak complaint systems," Dawn, 22 October 2026)
Medical bodies condemn FIRs and "harassment" of doctors, warn of defensive medicine and refusal of critical cases
On 21 October, Dawn reported that medical bodies condemned a hostile working environment after an alleged assault on a female doctor in Lahore, FIRs against 27 doctors at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, and a court case against medics at Karachi's Civil Hospital. The Pakistan Medical Association's Dr Abdul Ghafoor Shoro said doctors face murder charges under Sections 302/322 PPC and non-bailable arrest warrants for entire hospital units for clinical outcomes beyond their control, with complaints going straight to criminal courts instead of healthcare commissions or medical boards, pushing doctors toward "defensive medicine," refusal of critically ill patients and emigration. The PMA urged the prime minister, chief justice and provinces to bar such charges and warrants without prior clearance from healthcare commissions or independent medical boards, fully implement healthcare protection acts, put qualified medical professionals back in leadership roles and halt FBR raids on medical practices. ("Medical fraternity condemns 'harassment', registration of FIRs against doctors," Dawn, 21 October 2026)
Mental health survey shows nearly one in three Pakistani adults living with a psychological disorder
On 18 October, Dawn reported that the first nationally representative mental health study conducted in Pakistan had shown that nearly one in three adults was living with a diagnosable mental and behavioural disorder. This five-year research survey was led by Professor Raza-ur-Rahman from Hamdard University in Karachi, in collaboration with Brighton and Sussex Medical School UK, University of South Florida, and psychiatric institutions across Pakistan. Researchers representing the Pakistan Psychiatric Society (PPS) stated the research (which is published in the British Medical Journal) is the largest and most comprehensive mental health study ever conducted in Pakistan. Nearly 18,000 adults from across the four provinces participated in the study. The findings show that 32 per cent of adults were currently living with mental and behavioural disorders, while 38 per cent had experienced a disorder during their lifetime. One in five adults met criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). More than one in 10 adults had depression, whereas six per cent reported suicidal thoughts in the previous month. Another finding was the social inequality prevalent. Older adults, unemployed individuals, those with lower levels of education and income, and divorced, widowed or separated individuals reported higher rates of mental disorders. Substantial impairment in family life, social relationships and the ability to work were also key factors in mental health problems. Prof Raza expressed hope that the study would help reduce stigma around mental illness and improve access to diagnosis and treatment for millions of individuals. The study is a milestone for mental health research in Pakistan, and shows its growing capacity to engage in large-scale, internationally recognised public health research. (“One in three adults in Pakistan lives with psychological disorder: study,” Dawn, 18 October 2026)
AF-PAK
Pakistan’s pharmaceutical exports decline as trade with Afghanistan disrupted
On 22 October, Dawn reported that Pakistan’s pharmaceutical exports fell 30.26 per cent to USD 319.012 million in financial year 2025-26 from USD 457.456 million in the previous fiscal year, before declining a further 25.53 per cent year-on-year to USD 73.301 million in the first quarter of FY2026-27. Export volumes reportedly dropped 26.14 per cent in financial year 2025-26 and 31.40 per cent in the first quarter of financial year 2026-27. The pharmaceutical industry attributed much of the decline to disrupted trade with Afghanistan, which accounted for USD 155.68 million, or around 34.1 per cent of Pakistan’s pharmaceutical exports, in financial year 2025-26. Former Pakistan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association chairman Tauqeer ul Haq said the trade suspension had caused significant losses for pharmaceutical companies and government revenue, while Afghan patients faced higher medicine costs. He further added that the association had urged the government to restore medicine exports, but follow-up had been limited. (“Afghan trade halt hits pharma exports,” Dawn, 22 October 2026)
Pakistan-Afghanistan border closure causes decline in bilateral trade
On 19 October, Dawn reported that Pakistan-Afghanistan bilateral trade fell from USD 1.3 billion in financial year 2024-25 to USD 358 million in financial year 2025-26. Afghan transit trade reportedly also declined sharply, from nearly 89,000 containers worth USD five billion before the Taliban’s return, to 11,592 containers valued at USD 367 million in the latest fiscal year. Traders in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa reported heavy losses across the transport, pharmaceutical and agricultural sectors, with the closure disrupting exports of medicines, potatoes and vegetables. A former president of the Sarhad Chamber of Commerce and Industry said the disruption had weakened businesses, employment and border communities, while agricultural traders warned of reduced potato cultivation and rising prices. However, some business representatives noted that security concerns should take precedence over trade, arguing that Pakistan should not compromise its security for economic gains. (“The commercial cost of Afghan intransigence,” Dawn, 19 October 2026)
Pakistan Army retaliates against Afghan Taliban firing along Upper Kurram border
On 17 October, Dawn reported that Pakistan’s security forces responded to unprovoked firing by Afghan Taliban forces in the Taldah sector of Upper Kurram, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, according to state-run PTV News. Further reports stated that the exchange was intended to facilitate terrorists crossing the border. Pakistani forces reportedly used heavy weapons and artillery to destroy several Afghan Taliban positions, including the Shipola base camp and Topsar post, while several Afghan Taliban personnel were reportedly killed. The exchange of fire was still ongoing, according to state media reports. The clashes came a day after Pakistan’s Foreign Office said that talks with Afghanistan could not be unconditional, while maintaining that Islamabad remained open to dialogue and welcomed mediation efforts by friendly countries. The statement followed Russia’s renewed readiness to mediate, although Pakistan said it was unaware of any formal Russian initiative. (“Security forces respond to unprovoked firing by Afghan Taliban along Kurram border: state media,” Dawn, 17 October 2026)
ON INDIA
Former military chief warns of more dangerous confrontations between India and Pakistan
On 22 October, Dawn reported that retired General Zubair Mahmood Hayat, former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, noted that the failure to address the underlying causes of Pakistan-India tensions could lead to more dangerous confrontations. Speaking at the second Islamabad Non-Proliferation Conference organised by the Strategic Vision Institute, he highlighted the need to resolve the Jammu and Kashmir dispute and restore the Indus Waters Treaty. He said Pakistan had demonstrated its military capabilities through a calibrated response but cautioned that there was no guaranteed safe space for war between nuclear-armed neighbours, referring to the May 2025 conflict. Additionally, he stated that emerging technologies, shorter decision-making timelines, unverified allegations, and the absence of sustained political dialogue could increase the risk of miscalculation and escalation in future confrontations. (“‘Letting roots of Pak-India conflict fester invites more danger’,” Dawn, 22 October 2026)
Pakistan extends airspace ban on Indian aircraft until November 24
On 17 October, Dawn reported that Pakistan had extended its airspace ban on Indian aircraft until 24 November 2026, according to a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) issued by the Pakistan Airports Authority. The restriction, effective from 19:45 on 17 October, applies to Indian-registered aircraft, aircraft owned, operated or leased by Indian airlines and operators, including military flights, across the Karachi and Lahore flight information regions. The previous extension was due to expire on 24 October. The ban was first imposed in April 2025 amid tensions following the Pahalgam attack and has been extended several times. The restrictions have reportedly forced Indian carriers to take longer routes, increasing fuel costs; Air India has reportedly estimated the annual impact of Pakistan’s airspace closure on its profit before tax at USD 455 million. (“Indian airlines barred from using Pakistani airspace until Nov 24 as ban extended,” Dawn, 17 October 2026)
Editorials/Opinions
Economy
Ali Tauqeer Sheikh, “Spurring economic growth,” Dawn, 22 October 2026
"Stabilising our way into deeper poverty has exposed the limits of conventional macroeconomic management. Speaking last week at the International Conference on Inclusive and Resilient Economic Empowerment and Growth, organised by the Pakistan Poverty Alleviation Fund in Islamabad, I put one question at the centre: how do we break this cycle?"
https://www.dawn.com/news/2038886/spurring-economic-growth
External
Editorial, “Makkah pact clarity,” Dawn, 22 October 2026
“There had been much speculation about what exactly the trilateral Makkah Joint Defence Agreement entails, other than general commitments about the collective defence of Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Turkiye. But with the release of the text of the 16-article agreement, there is now some clarity about its objectives. While Article 2 says that an “externally originating armed attack” on any of the signatories will be considered an attack on all, triggering the right of self-defence under the UN Charter, the agreement is silent on offensive action. This should settle questions about the extent of involvement of the pact allies in the ongoing Saudi-Houthi war, and any future engagement. That it is a purely defensive arrangement was also echoed by the Turkish foreign minister."
https://www.dawn.com/news/2038882/makkah-pact-clarity
Editorial, “Pushing for de-dollarisation,” The Express Tribune, 21 October 2026
“Pakistan put forward a pertinent proposal concerning developing economies by calling for the use of national currencies in mutual settlements. It also voiced the need to establish mechanisms, such as development banks, to offset global financial shocks. Speaking at the SCO Council of Heads of Government meeting in Dushanbe yesterday, Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar pushed the envelope further on a resolve previously attained by the 10-member bloc in Islamabad in 2024. He stressed the need for a roadmap to gradually increase the share of national currencies in trade, moving away from the monopoly of the US dollar. The proposed establishment of an SCO Fund and new investment avenues are direct extensions of this strategy."
https://tribune.com.pk/story/2635966/pushing-for-de-dollarisation
Mujeeb Ali, “Learning poverty,” The Express Tribune, 21 October 2026
“A report revealed that Pakistani households spent Rs2.8 trillion on education, compared with Rs2.23 trillion spent by the public sector. In other words, families financed 56% of the country's total education expenditure. Stop there for a moment. If families are paying more for education than the state, how much of an educational right is actually being exercised? And the poorest families are not the ones with spare money. They are the ones forced to choose. School fee or electricity bill? Books or groceries? Transport fare or medicine?"
https://tribune.com.pk/story/2635965/learning-poverty-3
On Afghanistan
Editorial, “Common ground,” Dawn, 22 October 2026
“It appears that the PML-N, echoing the PPP’s recent offer, is also willing to re-engage with the opposition, at least on counterterrorism policy. Though that may seem like a narrow scope for dialogue, in our vitiated political environment, it does offer an opening. Whether the opposition is interested in taking it up is a different question. The anger over the dismissal of the elected PTI government in KP is still far from subsiding, and the ruling coalition in Islamabad deserves much of the blame for making a negotiated settlement more difficult than it seemed two weeks ago. That said, the opposition also needs to introspect. From the murmurings of resentment within its ranks, it appears that the outcome of its last round of discussions with the government was not what many were hoping for. Yet, its street agitation has delivered even less. An offer for dialogue, even if focused on counterterrorism strategy, is still an opportunity to return to the negotiating table and continue from where the last round of talks left off. Complete disengagement will achieve nothing."
https://www.dawn.com/news/2038881/common-ground
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