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NIAS South Asia Brief Team 31 July 2025 Abhimanyu Solanki, Abhishiktha S Kumar, Ashutosh Rath, Astha Panda, Ayush Joshi, Ditipriya Ghosh, Emma Rose Boby, Nitish Raj, Souparnika Suresh, Souparno Rakshit, Suchitra Jakkala, Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi, Vishnudev S
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31 JULY 2025, THURSDAY PAKISTAN EXTERNAL Pakistan launches new remote sensing satellite from China SOCIETY NEPAL SOCIETY BANGLADESH Unlawful expulsion to Bangladesh by India SRI LANKA PAKISTAN Khyber Pakhtunkhwa CM Urges Public-Centric Security Strategy After Bajaur Tragedy ECONOMY SOCIETY NEPAL EXTERNAL ECONOMY SOCIETY BANGLADESH Largest single Chinese investment in Bangladesh's textile sector POLITICS MYANMAR Junta arrests a trade union founder The regime announces harsh punishments for disrupting elections ECONOMY SECURITY SRI LANKA EXTERNAL 29 JULY 2025, TUESDAY PAKISTAN Gunship strikes terror hideouts in Kohat division Ahsan Iqbal calls NFC formula a federal burden ECONOMY NEPAL EXTERNAL SOCIETY BHUTAN EXTERNAL BANGLADESH EXTERNAL US-Bangladesh diplomatic talks to reduce tariff rates MYANMAR US eyes Myanmar’s Rare Earths, not democracy SECURITY POLITICS SRI LANKA ECONOMY EXTERNAL 28 JULY 2025, MONDAY PAKISTAN ECONOMY SOCIETY NEPAL POLITICS SOCIETY CLIMATE SRI LANKA EXTERNAL 27 JULY 2025, SUNDAY PAKISTAN NIM awarded to Centcom chief ECONOMY 26 JULY 2025, SATURDAY PAKISTAN EXTERNAL Pakistan wants Paris climate deal honoured USAID role in uplift journey of Sindh praised Pakistan, China reaffirm 'iron-clad' friendship BHUTAN UNICEF Bhutan commits to lasting impact for all children ECONOMY BANGLADESH 25 JULY 2025, FRIDAY PAKISTAN SOCIETY BANGLADESH MYANMAR ASEAN bid drives Timor-Leste's outreach SOCIETY 24 JULY 2025, THURSDAY PAKISTAN Pakistan signs maritime MoU with Chinese shipping firm China's BYD to assemble EVs in Pakistan by 2026 NEPAL ECONOMY SOCIETY POLITICS BANGLADESH MYANMAR SOCIETY SRI LANKA 23 JULY 2025, WEDNESDAY PAKISTAN Poor attendance mars the budget session CDA halts foreign land transfer SOCIETY NEPAL EXTERNAL BHUTAN ENVIRONMENT Solar power to transform farm irrigation BANGLADESH Inexperienced interim government is the bone of contention, says the BNP Secretary SRI LANKA SOCIETY EXTERNAL 22 JULY 2025, TUESDAY PAKISTAN
POLITICS
Faisalabad ATC sentences PTI leaders to ten years in jail for 9 May riots
On 31 July, Dawn reported that an Anti-Terrorism Court in Faisalabad sentenced PTI leaders, including Omar Ayub Khan, Shibli Faraz, Hamid Raza, and Zartaj Gul Wazir, to ten years of imprisonment for their involvement in the 9 May riots. Out of 185 PTI workers accused, 108 have been sentenced by the court. PTI’s Member of the Provincial Assembly (MPA), Junaid Afzal Sahi, was sentenced to three years in prison. Meanwhile, MPA Khayal Ahmad Kastro, Member of the National Assembly (MNA) Zain Qureshi, and former PTI leader Fawad Chaudhry have been acquitted.
US makes deal to tap Pakistan’s oil reserves
On 31 July, Dawn reported that President Donald Trump announced that the US has concluded a deal with Pakistan that will allow the two allies to work together on developing Pakistan’s vast oil reserves. Also, the process of choosing the Oil Company is going on that will lead the partnership. Although Pakistan has long claimed to have large oil deposits along its coast, this marks the first high-level move towards tapping them.
On 31 July, the Express Tribune reported that Pakistan successfully launched its latest remote sensing satellite from China’s Xichang Satellite Launch Centre. The launch was carried out by SUPARCO, Pakistan’s national space agency, in collaboration with the China Electronics Technology Group Corporation and MICROSAT China.
Bajaur people take to the streets against military operation
On 31 July, Dawn reported that people from all walks of life took to the streets to protest the ongoing military operation in several areas of Lowi Mamund Tehsil in Bajaur that was launched this week. The protestors expressed deep concerns over the suffering of the local population during the ongoing anti-militant operation in Lowi Mamund Tehsil.
POLITICS
Nepal is set to graduate to a developing country status in November 2026
On 31 July, the Kathmandu Post reported on recent interventions by Prime Minister Oli to the National Assembly on Nepal's status, all set to graduate from a Least Developed Country (LDC) to the status of a developing country in November next year. PM Oli said, “55 years later, we have the opportunity for graduation. Nepal, which has led the LDC group of 45 countries, will graduate along with seven other countries next year. This is a matter of pride. Positive signs of economic improvement are starting to appear. The goals, vision, and objectives of the current sixteenth plan centered on social justice, good governance, and prosperity have been designed with post LDC graduation in mind.”
Farmland remains dry in Madhesh province amidst lack of water
On 31 July, the Kathmandu Post reported on a drought crisis across the Madhesh province, about rising difficulties for farmers to grow rice in their fields. Ali Shekh, a farmer said, “I used to grow and sell rice every year. I may have to buy it for my family this time. Managing households will be difficult.” Saroj Chaudhary, spokesperson for the Ministry of Land Management said, “If the drought continues we will see a sharp drop in production. Though it is too early to for a detailed estimate, we anticipate a major decline. Let’s wait ten to twelve more days. If transplanting resumes with rainfall, losses can still be contained. We are also working with the Nepal Agricultural Research Council to explore crop alternatives if dry conditions persist.”
EXTERNAL
Bangladesh-India relations need to be based on equity
On 31 July, Sadia Aktar Korobi, a graduate student is of the opinion that the relations between India and Bangladesh have worsened after the anti-Bangladesh propaganda in Indian media and refusal to send Sheikh Hasina back for the pending trial. Apparently, Bangladesh feels that a strong nation like India should shoulder greater responsibilities not to dominate but to facilitate balanced cooperation.
On 25 July, Human Rights Watch (HRW) reports that since May, India has expelled over 1,500 Bengali Muslims, Indian citizens and Rohingya refugees to Bangladesh. HRW accuseed India of its discriminatory measures of forced expulsion and violating international legal safeguards. The HRW clearly mentions that the process is being fanned by the radical rightist wing and is nothing but the breach of International Law.
SOCIETY
Justice meets modern technology in Sri Lankan courtrooms
On 31 July, the Daily Mirror Online reported that the Sri Lankan court welcomed the 49th Chief Justice of Sri Lanka, Preethi Padman Surasena. During his ceremonial sitting, he stated his intention to fast-track the digitalization of the court system across the country. He said that the court should now modernize through technology in the administration of justice.
30 JULY 2025, WEDNESDAY
POLITICS
Federal cabinet approves National AI Policy 2025
On 30 July, Dawn reported that the federal cabinet approved the National AI Policy 2025, designed to create a complete AI ecosystem in the country. The policy aims to democratise access to artificial intelligence, enhance public services, and open new employment and innovation avenues. The AI policy outlined training a million AI professionals by 2030, establishing an AI Innovation Fund and AI Venture Fund to boost private sector involvement, creating 50,000 AI-driven civic projects and 1,000 local AI products in the next five years. It also called for the distribution of 3,000 annual AI scholarships and facilitation of 1,000 research projects, inclusion of women and individuals with disabilities through accessible education and financing, strengthening cybersecurity and national data security protocols, promoting global partnerships and compliance with international AI regulations.
On 30 July, The Express Tribune reported that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chief Minister Ali Amin Gandapur said that innocent and unarmed civilians were martyred in the Bajaur incident and asserted that decisions should not be imposed on the province without consultation. The chief minister also announced PKR 10 million in compensation for the families of each martyred civilian and security official, and PKR 2.5 million each for the injured civilians and security personnel.
Traders block Karakoram Highway for the second consecutive day
On 30 July, Dawn reported that ongoing protests by local traders affiliated with Pakistan-China trade through Khunjerab Pass, against taxes, intensified as protesters blocked the Karakoram Highway, suspending transport operations between Pakistan and China for the second consecutive day. Traders have been staging a protest sit-in, blocking the Sost Dry Port for the past nine days. The traders are calling for the immediate clearance of containers at the dry port based solely on customs duties, exempting them from other federal taxes.
Pakistan, WHO sign deal to provide free cancer medicine to children
On 30 July, Dawn reported that the World Health Organisation and Pakistan have signed a deal to provide free cancer medication to 8,000 children each year through the Global Platform for Access to Childhood Cancer Medicines. The agreement between Health Minister Mustafa Kamal and WHO’s Dr Dapeng Luo will operate until December 2027. The Eastern Mediterranean Region now has Pakistan as its second member after joining the platform. The program seeks to increase child cancer survival rates to double the current numbers by 2030. UNICEF will oversee medicine procurement and delivery.
POLITICS
Bagmati province CM Lama appoints three ministers to his cabinet
On 30 July, The Kathmandu Post reported on the appointment of three more ministers by Bagmati province CM Bahadur Singh Lama to his cabinet. He inducted Govinda Lamsal and assigned him the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Law, while Maya Shrestha and Geeta Gurung’s portfolios are yet to be finalised. Lama refused to step down from the CM position despite losing his position as the Nepali Congress parliamentary party leader in the provincial assembly, saying, “Losing the post of parliamentary party leader does not mean I must resign as CM. The government and the parliamentary party are two separate entities.”
India and Nepal agree to complete the bilateral boundary work within three years.
On 30 July, The Kathmandu Post reported on a new timeline being set during the seventh meeting of Nepal-India Boundary Working Group (BWG) to complete the bilateral boundary work in three years. Prakash Joshi, director general at the Department of Survey, said,” We have decided to complete the technical tasks of the Nepal-India border, besides Susta and Kalapani. As per the mandate given to the BWG, we set a new deadline to resume the field work as soon as possible.”
Nepal’s 81.8 per cent Export Boom Driven by Edible Oil Re-Exports
On 30 July, The Kathmandu Post reported that Nepal’s total exports jumped 81.8% to 277 billion rupees in the last fiscal year. This was largely due to a more than 15-fold surge in re-exports of edible oils, which contributed 43.8% of total exports. In comparison, the exports of domestic goods rose by just 6.6%. This highlights the heavy reliance on zero-tariff privileges. High-value products listed under the Nepal Trade Integration Strategy (NTIS) accounted for 98.87 billion rupees but suffered from low investment and budget delays. Several key export categories like iron and steel, garments, cardamom, medicinal herbs, ginger, vegetables, and coffee declined. At the same time, yarn, carpets, jute products, tea, dog chews, footwear, and pashmina recorded modest gains. Industry officials warn that India’s new raw material quality certification rules and funding gaps could further hurt domestic producers.
UN Panel Recommends Nepal Lower Marriage Age to 18 Amid Ongoing Legal Revisions
On 30 July, The Kathmandu Post reported that the UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) has recommended that Nepal lower the minimum legal marriage age from 20 to 18 years for both girls and boys. This suggestion comes as the government is already working to revise the Child Act and Criminal Code to relax marriage-related provisions under a “Romeo & Juliet” law, which would prevent criminal charges against couples aged 18–20 if they marry later. Rights activists have called the recommendation regressive and backwards. They argue that Nepal should set its own context-based standards, while CEDAW member Bandana Rana clarified that the advice is non-binding. The bill is currently under discussion at the Cabinet’s Social Committee.
EXTERNAL
China open to trilateral talks with Pakistan and Bangladesh
On 28 July, the Chinese Ambassador to Bangladesh Yao Wen claimed that China would be open to expanding trilateral cooperation to Bangladesh and Pakistan given their improving relations. It would also contribute to peace and development in South Asia. They are also willing to include other South Asian countries who have expressed interest in joining.
On 30 July, Handa Industries Co decided to set up three textile factories in Bangladesh. It is an investment projection of US $250 million in Bangladesh by China, which is expected to generate 25,000 jobs in the textile sector in Bangladesh.
Fascist forces could rise if bad governance takes place says BNP
On 30 July, BNP Acting Chairman Tarique Rahman said that anybody wishing to govern the country must listen to its people as they repose a lot on the democratic process.He requests the interim government to return to a democratically elected setup which can be achieved only through an election.
SOCIETY
The Arakan Army is accused of abuses against the Rohingya
On 30 July, the Irrawaddy reported that the Human Rights Watch, an international non-governmental organization, accused the Arakan Army (AA) of committing severe abuses against the Rohingya population in the Rakhine State. It is reported that the abuses included work and movement restrictions, looting, arbitrary detention, forced labour, and forced recruitment into the army.
On 30 July, the Irrawaddy reported that the Myanmar regime arrested the founder of the Solidarity Trade Union of Myanmar – Daw Myo Myo Aye, her daughter – Chuu Thwel, and six other members last week. The reason for the detention remains unknown.
On 30 July, the Irrawaddy reported that the junta imposed severe punishments, including a death sentence, for disrupting the upcoming elections. The junta supporters say that the law is to ease the concerns of the officers during the election period. Any offense resulting in death is punishable by execution during this time. Previously, the highest punishment was 20 years imprisonment, but the junta leader increased it to life imprisonment and a death sentence. Although the junta claims it is for the peaceful conduct of polls, the citizens are worried that it may be used to intimidate the people.
Sanctions slip as US firm intervenes
On 30 July, the Irrawaddy reported that a major law firm of the USA was reportedly engaged in helping Myanmar junta cronies get themselves delisted from America's sanctions list while permitting continuing financial operations and business ventures for military-linked entities that were under global restrictions. The actions taken by the law firm were criticized for undermining global efforts to hold the junta responsible for human rights abuses and for sustaining its financial networks.
MNDAA vows revenge after bombings
On 30 July, according to a report by the Irrawaddy, the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), along with the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), condemned junta airstrikes and vowed retribution, accusing the regime of repeatedly violating the China-brokered ceasefire by striking civilian zones and TNLA-held towns in northern Shan and Mandalay regions. The resistance has warned of retaliation if the military continues its offensive and further underlined that an escalation of offensives poses a threat to regional peace and escalating conflict.
SOCIETY
Sri Lankans face vitamin D deficiency
On 30th July, The Daily Mirror Online reported that Sri Lanka is facing Vitamin D deficiency in urban people despite Sri Lanka having a sunny climate. A study shows that 93.9 per cent of people in urban Colombo have low vitamin D, especially among females, younger people. Dr. Deepal Perera links this deficiency in children to their current habits, like tuition, gaming, and TV. Vitamin D deficiency makes bones weak and increases the risk of fracture, high blood pressure, infections, and even cancer. Experts call it a global pandemic of modern lifestyles.
Regional bonds grow, Maldives eases travel for Sri Lankans with a 90-day free visa
On 30th July, The Daily Mirror Online reported that Sri Lankan tourists can enjoy a 90-day free on-arrival tourist visa to the Maldives. The announcement was made during the visit of Sri Lanka’s president Anura Kumara Dissanayake to the Maldives. The initiative comes under a bilateral visa facilitation agreement, which reflects the dedication of the Maldivian government to stronger regional cooperation and friendship with Sri Lanka.
POLITICS
PTI demands military exit from merged districts
On 29 July, Dawn reported that the Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf demanded that the federal government withdraw armed forces from the merged districts within two weeks. In its resolution, PTI condemned the Tirah killings and called for the cancellation of Article 245. The party demanded FIRs against the people responsible for the killings and that a judicial inquiry under the Chief Justice of Pakistan be established. PTI disagreed with turning the Frontier Constabulary into a federal force. PTI pushed for police powers to be reinstated and peace committees to be established.
On 29 July, Dawn reported that gunship helicopters struck the hideouts of terrorists in the Kohat, Hangu, Orakzai, and Kurram districts. Regional Police Officer Abbas Majeed Marwat verified that 200 personnel were involved in the operation. A total of 15 militants were killed during the 10-day campaign. The attacks were a response to sectarian unrest and also marked the first air action taken by the government since the Kohat Peace Accord was reached in January 2025. The government plans to add 650 more police personnel for highway security.
On 29 July, Dawn reported that Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal criticized the National Finance Commission (NFC) formula for overburdening the federal government. Iqbal also mentioned that significant development projects, such as the Diamer Bhasha Dam, are delayed due to a reduction in the fiscal space. Further, in his speech, he noted the need for provincial cooperation in funding these projects. He shared details on economic recovery, noting that it came under the "Uraan Pakistan" initiative. He also met with the showbiz leaders to discuss a cultural outreach to the global world.
Gwadar Master Plan aims for economic hub status
On 29 July, Dawn reported that Gwadar Development Authority Director General Moin-ur-Rehman Khan stated that the Smart Port City Master Plan will change Gwadar into a world-class economic center. He emphasized that private sector involvement is essential to speed up the plan's implementation. The master plan aims to establish international standards for infrastructure and real estate. GDA provided investors with an assurance of a secure and profitable environment. A briefing discussed land use and development strategies.
POLITICS
Congress lawmakers register a vote of no confidence against Chief Minister Bahadur Singh Lama
On 29 July, The Kathmandu Post reported on the Bagmati province turmoil. A group of congress lawmaker have registered a vote of no confidence against CM Bahadur Singh Lama, who belongs to the same party. Kedar Karki, former CM of Koshi province said, “The demand for a change has come from within the party which is leading the government, so it won’t lead to any kind of political instability.” The motion was filed by twenty-one lawmakers from his own party and have stood in favour of electing Indra Bahadur Baniya.
India makes it mandatory for raw materials used in steel exports from Nepal to have a quality certification mark
On 29 July, The Kathmandu Post reported on the halt of exports of steel utensils from Nepal to India, as India makes it mandatory for raw materials used to have a quality certification mark. Previously, only the finished products were required to have the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), but now it has been extended to raw materials too triggering an export crisis in Nepal. One of the major export company Panchakanya Group’s General Manager said, “Until now, we were exporting goods after obtaining a production certificate from Nepal’s Department of Industry by adding value to imported raw materials. But now, the rules essentially require the raw material to be Indian, while the manufacturing can happen in Nepal.”
Sixty per cent of jar water collected from Godawari have traces of faecal coliform
On 29 July, The Kathmandu Post reported of number of diarrhoea cases surging up in hospitals near Godawari river. Around sixty per cent of the samples of jar water collected by Godawari municipality of Lalitpur district were found with traces of faecal coliform. Muna Adhikari, Deputy Mayor of the municipality said, “We have sealed the factories that were supplying contaminated water. We will also check the quality of drinking water being piped to households by water supply utilities, and this is just the beginning.”
ECONOMY
1,125MW Dorjilung Hydropower Project Begins with Infrastructure Phase
On 29 July, Kuensel reported that the 1,125MW Dorjilung Hydropower Project in eastern Bhutan has launched its infrastructure phase. With financing from India and the Asian Development Bank, they expect to complete the project by 2031. When fully operational, Dorjilung will boost Bhutan's energy export potential, generate jobs in the region, and enhance bilateral cooperation with India through the existing hydroelectric partnership framework.
Bhutan’s Passport Rises to 84th in Global Ranking
On 29 July, Kuensel reported that, as per a report by the Henley Passport Index 2024, Bhutan's passport has now climbed to 84th position in the global ranking, raised up two places from last year, and citizens of Bhutan have unfettered access to 59 destinations without having to obtain a visa in advance. This is certainly an advancement that represents Bhutan's increasing status in the world with respect to connectivity and diplomacy. The ranking is only a reflection of overall travel freedom, and is based off of the exclusive IATA data.
POLITICS
July Charter might become part of the constitution
On 29 July, a "reliable source" told The Daily Star that the Charter might be released on 5 August, and that the final draft has been sent to political parties after ther previous inputs. The Charter is not supposed to replace the constitution but to assist with legal reforms and policies.
Saudi Arabia invites Chief Advisor for FII9
On 29 July, Saudi Arabia extended an invitation to Chief Advisor Yunus to attend the Future Investment Initiative, that will take place from 27-30 October in Riyadh. It is the ninth edition of the event and marks the first time that a head of the government of Bangladesh has been invited.
On 29 July, talks began between a Bangladeshi delegation and the US, in order to discuss a reduction of tariff rates, after an initial 35 per cent rate was set to be imposed. Commerce Secretary Mahbubur Rahman is hoping for a decrease to 10 to 20 per cent.
EXTERNAL
A Russia-backed steel plant will become functional next year
On 29 July, the Irrawaddy reported that a Russian build steel plant is set to be fully operational by November 2026. The plant is situated in southern Shan State. The project was originally initiated in 2004, but in 2017, the NLD government suspended it due to financial constraints. The project is expected to produce 200,000 tons of pig iron and 720,000 tons of iron ore.
On 29 July, the Irrawaddy published a guest column highlighting a potential shift in US policy towards Myanmar and redirecting its focus on Myanmar’s Rare Earth Elements. The US is considering redirecting RRE supply that is currently flowing to China towards the US by influencing the Kachin ethnic armies, who are predominantly “Christians and Western-leaning”. The author highlights the irony of US policy, which they propagate as pro-democratic but now centres on RREs.
The junta stumbles in the fight for control
On 29 July, an interview in the Irrawaddy highlighted the counteroffensives faced by the military regime, with few towns retaken but failing to reverse losses, rampant defections, and low troop morale. The interview shows that supply shortages, economic strains, and forced conscriptions point out how weak the regime is, while opposition forces used the broad public support and increasing coordination. The junta's solitude in the domestic as well as international arena definitely undermines any further attempt for a counteroffensive to save its face value. Observers and insiders note that the resistance still enjoys the momentum, and the junta, in turn, shows little competence to regain control.
Military-backed polls, democracy denied
On 29 July, the Irrawaddy reported on the tightly controlled election orchestrated by the military regime, barring major opposition parties from contesting the election. It has further limited voting to areas under military control, undertaken a suspicious exercise of the census, and seriously compromised the conduct of elections with pre-vetted parties in order to secure their win. Most observers have condemned the planned election as a sham meant to bestow legitimacy on the military rule and not to establish a democracy.
SOCIETY
Vision Care expands hearing services across Sri Lanka
On 29th July, The Island reported that Vision Care launched its latest initiative to improve hearing healthcare with a focus on quality, accessibility, and expert care. The unit was inaugurated by ENT specialist Dr. Selvi Vettivelu in Panadura. This new unit offers services for everyone from infants to the elderly. Vision Care Hearing Solutions aims to enhance access to world-class hearing care.
IMF restrictions on tax exemptions put several FDI projects on hold
On 29 July, the Daily Mirror reported that several Foreign Direct Investment projects were put on hold due to the restrictions by the International Monetary Fund on granting tax exemptions. Sri Lanka aims to attract USD 1.8 billion in FDI this year. The government is envisaging a new tax structure that incorporates the IMF guidelines to broaden the revenue base.
Best Airlines award for Sri Lankan Airlines at International Tourism Conclave and Travel Awards
On 29th July, The Daily Mirror Online reported that Sri Lankan Airlines was awarded the best airline for South Asia at the International Tourism Conclave & Travel Awards in Delhi, India. Sri Lanka hosts a large number of tourists from India, making up twenty per cent of total arrivals, which is the largest source for Sri Lanka’s tourism. The airline’s recognition reflects the commitment to passenger comfort, connectivity, and cultural warmth. Around ninety weekly flights are operated by Sri Lankan Airlines between India and Colombo.
EXTERNAL
Govt bars pilgrims from travelling by road to Iran and Iraq
On 28 July, Dawn reported that Interior Minister announced that Pakistani pilgrims would be barred from travelling by road to Iran and Iraq on the Chehlum of Imam Husain due to security concerns. Millions of pilgrims from across the world visit Iraq each year to attend the Chehlum of Imam Husain to mark 40th day of mourning for the martyrdom of the grandson of the Holy Prophet. A number of tragic incidents have taken place in the past when pilgrims who travelled by road, were attacked and killed by terrorists in parts of Balochistan.
Govt unveils sweeping rail reforms
On 28 July, The Express Tribune reported that the government outlined major reforms for Pakistan Railways, including an imminent agreement on the Rohri-Karachi section, a PKR 50 billion allocation to upgrade the Lahore-Rawalpindi track, reducing travel time to two hours, and the digitisation of the railway system. Additionally, a business train with Wi-Fi-equipped coaches and high-quality dining will be inaugurated on 29 July by PM Shehbaz Sharif. To address inefficiencies, three railway companies have been shut down, and long-leave employees would be recalled and to bolster security, Pakistan Railways has recruited 500 new personnel for the Railway Police and plans to acquire scanners and metal detectors using the department's own budget.
Polio tally rises to 17 with three new cases in KP, Sindh
On 28 July, Dawn reported that the National Institute of Health confirmed three new polio cases in the country, two from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and one from Sindh. Despite substantial progress in polio eradication efforts, the detection of cases underscores the persistent risk to children, especially in areas where vaccine acceptance remain low.
ECONOMY
Electric vehicles dominate Nepal’s auto market in FY 2023–24
On 28 July, The Kathmandu Post reported that electric vehicles made up 73 percent of Nepal’s four-wheeled passenger vehicle imports in the last fiscal year. This shows a major shift toward cleaner transport. The imports have surged, with 16,701 EVs worth 41.23 billion rupees brought in. Experts and dealers have called for stable policies and better financing, as loan caps were reduced last year. However, fossil fuel imports still rose, and critics pointed to the contradiction in government investment in petroleum infrastructure despite EV gains. The rise in EV imports is also linked to lower customs duties and tax benefits. Dealers warned that policy instability may discourage consumers and slow momentum.
Chief Minister Kamal Bahadur Shah to face confidence vote on 31 July after NUP withdraws support
On 28 July, The Kathmandu Post reported that Sudurpaschim Chief Minister Kamal Bahadur Shah will face a vote of confidence in the provincial assembly on 31 July, after coalition partner Nagarik Unmukti Party withdrew support on 4 July. Despite the loss of support, Shah is likely to survive with backing from the CPN-UML, as the Nepali Congress and UML together hold 29 seats, which is above the majority mark of 27 in the 53-member assembly.
Kathmandu pushes ahead with public smoking ban amid skepticism
On 28 July, The Kathmandu Post reported that the Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) has launched a fresh awareness campaign to enforce its long-standing but poorly implemented smoking ban in public places. As per Clause 42 of the Public Health Act, offenders will be fined Rs500 from 17 August onwards, and repeated violations will attract higher penalties. Currently, the police are counselling violators and collecting cigarette butts. This is the sixth such attempt in eight years, and all the previous efforts have faltered, raising doubts about actual enforcement. Officials claim that the move aims to protect public health, reduce pollution, and address growing complaints from residents, especially parents.
Farmers plead for water & relief as Madhesh faces dry spell and delays
On 25 July, The Kathmandu Post reported that farmers continue to wait for relief amid dying rice crops and cracked fields, and the Madhesh province being declared a crisis zone due to severe drought. The Meteorological Department ruled out chances of heavy rainfall over the next three days, which further killed many hopes. Farmers in the Bara district say they’ve received no assistance and are demanding deep borewells to save their harvest. Rural officials cited a lack of funds, while experts warn Nepal remains unprepared for recurring climate shocks. Studies show Nepal’s temperatures are rising faster than the global average, which is making erratic monsoons and droughts the new normal. The Madhesh government has yet to present a clear action plan or emergency budget. Many farmers have begun migrating temporarily to urban areas in search of alternative work as their fields dry up.
SOCIETY
Student dropout crisis in Sri Lanka- Prime Minister calls for urgent fix
On 28 July, The Island reported that Sri Lanka is facing a rise in student dropouts. A 2024 Ministry of Education Survey revealed that around 20,000 students have dropped out of Sri Lanka’s education system, while around 80,000 attend irregularly. Prime Minister Dr. Harini Amarasuriya said that the government will introduce new education reforms starting in 2026.
Sri Lanka expands visa-free entry to 47 countries
On 28 July, The Island reported that the Tourism Minister Vijitha Herath announced that the government has decided to give visa-free entry to 40 more countries, a total of 47 countries will be eligible for visa-free entry after the gazette is issued. The announcement came during the Hotel Show Colombo 2025 at BMICH. The minister said that this policy might cause a USD 66 million loss in annual revenue, but help in the long term economic benefits.
EXTERNAL
Islamabad pushes for ceasefire as Moscow seizes two more villages
On 27 July, Dawn reported that Pakistan called for de-escalation and ceasefire in the fighting between Russia and Ukraine, emphasising that “echoes for peace must be heard”. Pakistan, as a consistent advocate for peace, called for de-escalation and giving primacy to dialogue over fighting, said Ambassador Jadoon, who was chairing the 15-member council meeting.
On 27 July, Dawn reported that the government has conferred the award of Nishan-i-Imtiaz (Military) upon Gen Michael E. Kurilla, the commander of United States Central Command (Centcom), in recognition of his service and role in advancing bilateral military cooperation between Pakistan and the US. In an investiture ceremony held at the Aiwan-i-Sadr, President Asif Zardari conferred the award, acknowledging Gen Kurilla’s contributions to regional security and efforts in strengthening strategic defence ties between the two countries.
Trade with Central Asia shrinks amid rising imports
On 27 July, Dawn reported that Pakistan’s exports to five Central Asian countries declined by 31.63pc during the outgoing FY 2025, despite efforts to expand regional trade and implement transit agreements. At the same time, imports from the region surged more than fourfold, deepening the trade imbalance. According to data compiled by the State Bank of Pakistan, exports to Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan fell to USD 197.06 million in FY25 from USD 288.23 million in FY24. In contrast, imports from these countries jumped by 411 per cent to USD 245.09 million, compared to just USD 47.94 million in the previous year, with the bulk originating from Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan.
POLITICS
PTI finalizes protest plan
On 26 July, The Express Tribune reported that the PTI has finalized a comprehensive plan for its expected protest movement on 5 August. It has been decided that every ticket-holder will lead a protest demonsatrtion in their respective constituency and hold a rally.
Pakistan seeks ‘stable relationship’ with US
On 26 July, The Express Tribune reported that Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar told US sSecretary of State Marco Rubio that Pakistan sought “ expanded and stable” bilateral relationship with Washington. This was the first formal meeting at the level of foreign ministers between Pakistan and United States after several years as the previous administration under President Joe Biden completely ignored Islamabad.
On 26 July, Dawn reported that the Minister for Climate Change and Environmental Coordination has urged global climate leaders to honour financing commitments and strengthen cooperation between developed and developing countries and highlighted Pakistan’s acute vulnerability to climate change. The minister noted that despite contributing minimally to global emissions, the country faces severe climate-related disasters. The federal minister expressed these views during the COP 29 Heads of Delegation Retreat.
On 26 July, Dawn reported that Sindh Chief Minister has praised the role of USAID in the development journey of the province and reaffirmed his government’s commitment to deepening its partnership with the agency. He said this during a meeting with acting US Ambassador, who called on him at the CM House.
On 26 July, The Express Tribune reported that Pakistan and China reaffirmed their "ironclad" friendship and all-weather strategic cooperative partnership as Chief of Army Staff (COAS) Field Marshal Syed Asim Munir concluded a series of high-level meetings with Chinese political and military leadership in Beijing. The Chinese leadership lauded the Pakistan Armed Forces as "a cornerstone of resilience" and a "vital contributor to peace in South Asia.
SOCIETY
Bhutanese step forward to build the GMC
On 26 July, Kuensel reported widespread public backing for the Gyalyum Memorial Choeten (GMC) in Gelephu for the Queen Mother is impressive. Volunteers from all over Bhutan are donating their skills and funds to complete the project. Under the leadership of Shechen Rabjam Rinpoche, the project is a testament to the unity of all the pagodas in Bhutan, faith, and generosity from all generations. The choeten should end up being a physical, spiritual landmark, coinciding with this emerging vision of Gelephu, as a sacred place, a hub and an economic hub.
On 26 July, Kuensel reported UNICEF Bhutan's recommitment to children's rights through its 2024-2028 Country Programme. By prioritising health, nutrition, education and child protection, UNICEF strives to reduce inequalities, particularly in remote areas. The country programme plan in Bhutan utilises scalable solutions, digital innovations, community and private sector strengths, and strong government development partnerships. The country programme is aligned with Bhutan's 13th Five-Year Plan and the UN Sustainable Development Goals, including prioritising ‘give every child an equal chance´.
RSEB eeceives Nu 87 million in unclaimed funds from companies
On 26 July, Kuensel reported that The Royal Securities Exchange of Bhutan (RSEB) received Nu 87 million unclaimed dividends and assets from the listed companies, as a result of it needing to comply with the legislative requirements of the Companies Act. RSEB plans to audit and make distributions to rightful claimants. The recent transfers contributes to improving the state of corporate governance and overall financial accountability and credibility of securities markets in Bhutan, while ultimately creating confidence in the local capital markets by investors.
SOCIETY
Frugal Innovation Forum (FIF) begins
On 26 July, experts, researchers and entrepreneurs gathered for the two-day Frugal Innovation Forum (FIF). The theme for the year is "Climate Adaptation in Agriculture, Food Security and Livelihoods." There is also a focus on exploring long-term sustainability and resilience-building efforts through local knowledge and resources in the Global South.
POLITICS
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa rejects military operations, Taliban distinction
On 25 July, Dawn reported that the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa government has strongly opposed any military operation within the province, categorically rejecting the distinction between "good" and "bad" Taliban and denouncing the use of 'drone strikes' on its territory. The provincial government's announcement came as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chief Minister Ali Amin Gandapur addressed a media briefing after hosting an in-camera All Parties Conference at the Chief Minister's House in Peshawar.
Islamabad invites foreign social media companies to establish in-country offices
On 25 July, Dawn reported that Pakistan has ramped up efforts to counter online extremism by urging social media companies to take stricter action against terrorist content, while calling on them to establish local offices in the country. The government said 2,417 complaints related to terror content are currently under review, and platforms must respond with urgency.
EXTERNAL
Chief Advisor to visit Malaysia in August
On 25 July, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim extended an invitation to Chief Advisor Yunus to visit in August– the focus of the visit will primarily be labour recruitment, trade, further regional cooperation and the Rohingya crisis. Six Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) regarding defence, education, culture and more. The visit will be from 11 to 13 August.
EXTERNAL
US lifts sanctions on a few Myanmar companies
On 25 July, Reuters reported that the US lifted sanctions on a few Myanmar companies. This includes KT Services & Logistics and its founder, Jonathan Myo Kyaw Thaung; the MCM Group and its owner, Aung Hlaing Oo; Suntac Technologies and its owner, Sit Taing Aung; and another individual, Tin Latt Min. Some experts opine that this development is a major shift in US policy towards Myanmar.
On 25 July, the Irrawaddy reported that, recently, Timor-Leste reached out to Myanmar's junta to ease its entry into ASEAN, notwithstanding its strong criticism against the junta and siding with the pro-democracy movement in Myanmar. The chargé d’affaires of Dili met the junta's deputy foreign minister in Naypyitaw, endorsing Timor-Leste's pursuit of good relations and hoping for support in its ASEAN bid. The diplomatic turn arises probably from the ASEAN consensus, whereby engagement must be had with all member states. Hence, Timor-Leste is pressured by this to strike a balance between values and regional aspirations.
Inside Myanmar’s forced conscription
On 25 July, the Irrawaddy published an interview that reports on the plight of a person who was forcibly conscripted. From the way the junta recruits and abducts men, sometimes even mentally unsound and older persons, such are its measures of desperation. A defector fled the frontline deployment to join resistance forces; he gave a scathing criticism of the military's conduct of government since the coup of 2021 and pledged himself to the support of the anti-junta resistance. The interview reveals horrible military training conditions, forced conscription, and the agony of conscripts within the regime.
EXTERNAL
Pakistan and Saudi Arabia reaffirm defence cooperation
On 24 July, Dawn reported that the Vice Admiral Mohammed Bin Abdulrahman Al Ghuraybi of the Royal Saudi Naval Forces met with General Sahir Shamshad Mirza at the Joint Staff Headquarters in Rawalpindi. The two sides issued a joint statement that emphasized strengthening bilateral defence ties and maritime security cooperation. The visit included a dialogue on regional dynamics and a guard of honour. Vice Admiral Al Ghuraybi also met Admiral Naveed Ashraf earlier in the week. The Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (CJCSC) had also recently attended Turkey's International Defence Industry Fair.
On 24 July, Dawn reported that Pakistan National Shipping Corporation (PNSC) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with China Shandong Xinxu Group to enhance maritime cooperation. The MoU includes joint ventures and leasing as well as vessel management services. Minister of Maritime Affairs Muhammad Junaid Anwar Chaudhry has labeled it an "inroad in the areas of maritime development." The MoU will assist with investment and regional trade. The PNSC plans to have 34 vessels in its cargo fleet by 2027.
On 24 July, Dawn reported that the Chinese electric vehicle giant BYD would start assembling electric vehicles in Pakistan by mid-2026. The plant near Karachi, which was built by the Mega Motor Company, was expected to produce up to 25,000 units per annum. BYD believes the EV market will expand rapidly, forecasting a 30–35 per cent share. Plug-in hybrids have been prioritized due to areas of lacking infrastructure. The government's reduction of charging tariffs is likely to support uptake.
EXTERNAL
Nepal-India finalise mutual legal assistance pact
On 24 July, the Kathmandu Post reported that Nepal and India have finalised the text of the long-pending Agreement on Mutual Legal Assistance on Criminal Matters during the home secretary-level talks in New Delhi. The two sides also reviewed the updated draft of the extradition treaty, which will remain under negotiation. These talks were held after nine years and saw discussions on a range of cross-border security issues, including drug trafficking, human trafficking, fake currency, and intelligence sharing. Both countries have agreed to enhance coordination and surveillance along the border. They also decided to take stronger measures to monitor third-country nationals at border crossings and promote the use of integrated check posts for better surveillance.
Farmers face betrayal after the government halves sugarcane prices
On 24 July, the Kathmandu Post reported that the government has halved the sugarcane subsidy for last fiscal year’s harvest from 70 rupees to 35 rupees per quintal. They did this by citing pressure on the treasury. The agriculture ministry requested the full amount, but the finance ministry and PMO refused. Farmers who are also facing rising production costs called this move a betrayal. Leaders like Ashok Prasad Yadav and Kapil Muni Mainali criticised the decision, especially as sugar import taxes have been cut. With payments delayed and policies unstable, more farmers are abandoning sugarcane cultivation. Protests may follow as frustration grows.
Officials & activists call for legal reforms on marriage equality
On 24 July, the Kathmandu Post reported that government officials, legal experts, and LGBTQIA+ activists all gathered in Kathmandu to advocate for urgent legal reforms on marriage equality. The event was organised by Mitini Nepal and saw officials coming from the Department of National ID and Civil Registration and the Ministry of Women, Children, and Senior Citizens. They all acknowledged that current legal provisions offer only temporary relief to queer couples. They urged Parliament to amend discriminatory laws in the Civil Code that define marriage strictly as a union between a man and a woman. LGBTQIA+ individuals shared firsthand experiences of legal exclusion and called the reforms a human rights necessity.
Prime Minister Oli defends transitional justice amid growing victims' discontent
On 24 July, the Kathmandu Post reported that Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli reaffirmed his government’s commitment to concluding the transitional justice process by engaging with victims of the Maoist insurgency. However, many victims’ groups have expressed strong discontent by saying that they were excluded from the appointment process of the Truth and Disappearance Commissions and that they were only consulted once after the appointments were made. They accused the government of sidelining their concerns. The National Human Rights Commission also warned that excluding victims from key decisions undermines the credibility of the process and urged deeper engagement to build trust. The government had formed two five-member teams, with one being led by Mahesh Kumar Thapa in the Truth Commission and the other by Leela Devi Gadtaula in the Disappearance Commission.
POLITICS
Consensus reached on the formation of the Election Commission
On 24 July, political parties finally agreed to forming a five-member search panel, which would consist of the Speaker, the deputy Speaker, the Prime Minister, the leader of the Opposition and an Appellate Division judge, who will recommend one candidate for each post. The president will appoint them for five-year terms following that and they will be held accountable to the Parliament.
ECONOMY
Junta calls for greater investment in the energy sector
On 24 July, the Irrawaddy reported that the junta is calling for foreign investment in the energy and electricity sector. The Electricity and Energy Development Commission chair, Tin Aung San, wanted to simplify bureaucratic hurdles in land accession for energy projects. The Ministry of Investment and Foreign Economic Relations also formed a task force to boost regional and international energy cooperation and investment in the country.
Civilians shattered as junta pounds Rakhine town
On 24 July, the Irrawaddy reported that the town of Pauktaw in Rakhine State was utterly devastated after months under the junta onslaught of air bombardments, artillery barrages, and fires that targeted homes, schools, and markets, forcing all residents to flee the place. Now, thousands of displaced persons languish in overcrowded shelters with little to no assistance. The halting of the World Food Programme (WFP) aid has caused food insecurity and medical emergencies, particularly for the Rohingyas. Junta forces are accused of attacking civilians and using hostages as human shields. At the same time, most of the survivors are still too terrified of retaliation to return to face the challenges of reconstructing their shattered lives.
SOCIETY
The Supreme Court orders non-state parties involved in the X-Press Pearl disaster to pay USD 1 billion in compensation
On 24 July, the Daily Mirror reported that the Supreme Court ordered all the non-state parties involved in the X-Press Pearl disaster to pay USD 1 billion in compensation within one year for the damages caused. The top court also ruled that citizens' fundamental rights have been violated due to the failure by the Ministry for Urban Development and Coast Conservation to take supervisory measures to contain the damages.
POLITICS
Public Accounts Committee criticizes power division over rising costs
On 23 July, Dawn reported that the Public Accounts Committee had consulted with the Power Division and stated that it was to blame for rising electricity prices, substandard billing practices, and excessive levels of load shedding. The PAC also instructed the special audit to investigate payments made to Independent Power Producers and potential misuse in development programs. Members of the Legislative Assembly shared that the planning level of the Power Division was incompetent, and salaries were inflated. They were informed that, according to the regulator, the billing structure (tariffs) punishes all consumers who exceed 200 units with higher charges, affecting 58 per cent of the consumers. There were also reports of load-shedding in some areas for 16 hours per day.
On 23 July, Dawn reported that only 78 MNAs attended all sittings in the budget session of June 2025, while a total of 156 MNAs were absent without leave applications. The Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN) reported low attendance, even from cabinet members, regarding finances. Attendance among female and minority MNAs was better than the average. The speaker repeatedly encouraged treasury members to be in attendance for important parts of the debates and votes.
On 23 July, Dawn reported that the Capital Development Authority had halted a proposed land transfer to a foreign national due to legal issues surrounding the transaction. CDA indicated the transaction did not receive the requisite approval under the Foreigners Act 1946. More specifically, according to a notification published in 1984, there are restrictions on land acquisition by foreigners following federal consent. The CDA also terminated a scheduled trip abroad connected to the proposed transfer. The statute has now been suspended and awaits the federal government's final determination.
EU provides funds for minority rights project in Punjab and Sindh
On 23 July, Dawn reported that the European Union funded a minority rights project called "Together for Tolerance" in Punjab and Sindh. The Project was organized by the Parliamentarians' Commission for Human Rights and the Center for Social Justice, and is intended to promote religious inclusion and legal protections. An official from the European Union stated that Pakistan's GSP+ status must be linked to its human rights performance. Professor McGoldrick highlighted indicators of compliance with obligations under the ICCPR and obligations under the ESCR. It was highlighted that the project made useful recommendations to strengthen protections for minority communities.
ECONOMY
Nepal's trade volume hits Rs 2 trillion for the second time
On 23 July, the Kathmandu Post reported that Nepal's foreign trade volume crossed Rs 2 trillion for the second time. This was fuelled by an 81.8 per cent jump in exports, primarily from refined edible oils. Exports of soybeans, sunflower oil, and palm oil surged by over 1,500 per cent, despite Nepal not producing these oils in significant quantities. Many have stated that this boom is artificially inflated and that traders are exploiting SAFTA's zero-tariff window. They are also routing crude oil imports via Argentina and re-exporting to India. India has remained Nepal's top trading partner, followed by China. Argentina rose to third place by overtaking the United States, largely due to a sharp increase in crude edible oil imports. Experts have warned of macroeconomic risks by citing exchange rate vulnerabilities and a lack of real industrial growth behind the soaring numbers.
Nepal-India Home Secretary level meeting ends with key border discussions
On 23 July, the Kathmandu Post reported that the meeting of the Home Secretaries of Nepal and India was scheduled to conclude today. They focused on issues like cross-border security, crime control, drug trafficking, and the infiltration of third-country nationals. The discussions also included the long-pending Extradition Treaty and Mutual Legal Assistance agreement, with officials indicating that the text is nearly ready. Both sides have raised concerns about border infiltration and agreed to enhance cooperation on surveillance, infrastructure, and joint patrolling. They also stated that the meeting would conclude with the signing of some MOUs.
SOCIETY
National labs show improved accuracy in STI and TTI testing: RCDC
On 23 July, Kuensel reported that according to the Royal Centre for Disease Control (RCDC), national laboratories have greatly enhanced the quality of testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs). EQA scores have increased from 76 per cent in 2018 to 91 per cent in 2023. The RCDC attributes the improvements to training, standardized protocols, and regional assessments.
Thimphu targets fully electric taxis, buses, and government vehicles by 2047
On 23 July, Kuensel reported that a proposal has been made to make all taxis, buses, and government vehicles fully electric by 2047. Thimphu Thromde also plans to see the last fossil fuel station close within its vicinity. This would then fit within a larger spectrum of plans stemming from its Green City Strategy to open more pedestrian areas and green spaces. According to the current figures for Thimphu's taxi fleet, three per cent are electric-powered vehicles, which can be significantly increased by the desired timeline.
On 23 July, Kuensel reported that the water shortage situation persists in the country, and solar irrigation is being implemented to increase agricultural production. With funding from the Sustainable Development Fee, the program spans several districts. Farmers attest to lower costs and better crop cycles. The solar-powered water tank in Mongar holds 2,000 litres and irrigates approximately two and a half acres. Due to the unpredictable rainfall patterns in Bhutan, solar irrigation emerges as a promising alternative to diesel-based irrigation.
POLITICS
Yunus calls for a unified fight against fascism
On 23 July, Chief Adviser Yunus called for a unified rise of all parties. The political parties were in full support of reform, justice, and the election process, and requested that all-party meetings be held more regularly before the elections, as this would help them build resistance against alleged fascism.
On 23 July, BNP Secretary General Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir stated that the sheer goodwill of the interim government was insufficient to run the show. According to him, the caretaker government was too egoistic and inexperienced, which is why it was essential that more discussions between the government and the political parties took place so that the government's functioning could take place effectively and efficiently.
POLITICS
The 2022 declaration of emergency is unconstitutional, rules the Supreme Court
On 23 July, the Daily Mirror reported that the Supreme Court had declared the former acting President Ranil Wickremesinghe's declaration of a state of emergency in 2022 to be unconstitutional. This came on the grounds of violation of the fundamental rights of citizens.
Sri Lanka shifts from exams to modular learning by 2026
On 23 July, the Daily Mirror online reported that Sri Lanka is planning a significant overhaul of its school education system, starting in 2026. Education Minister Dr Harini Amarasuriya announced that the education system is moving away from an exam-centric model to a modular, activity-based learning system. The class sizes will be reduced from forty to twenty-five or thirty students. She also announced that teacher training is a central idea of the reform plan.
Colombo hosts Vietnam film show 2025 to mark 55 years of bilateral ties
On 23 July, the Daily Mirror online reported that Colombo launched the Vietnam Film Show 2025, a three-day cultural event celebrating 55 years of diplomatic relations between Vietnam and Sri Lanka. The three-day celebration is being held at the Lakshman Kadigamar Institute's Lighthouse Auditorium from 22 July to 24 July.
POLITICS
PM criticizes DRAP during launch of digital licensing system for medical devices
On 22 July, Dawn reported that Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif launched the Digital System for Licensing and Registration of Medical Devices, while expressing displeasure over
NIAS South Asia Brief Team | Abhimanyu Solanki, Abhishiktha S Kumar, Ashutosh Rath, Astha Panda, Ayush Joshi, Ditipriya Ghosh, Emma Rose Boby, Nitish Raj, Souparnika Suresh, Souparno Rakshit, Suchitra Jakkala, Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi, Vishnudev S
NIAS South Asia Brief Team | Abhimanyu Solanki, Abhishiktha S Kumar, Ashutosh Rath, Astha Panda, Ayush Joshi, Ditipriya Ghosh, Emma Rose Boby, Nitish Raj, Souparnika Suresh, Souparno Rakshit, Suchitra Jakkala, Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi, Vishnudev S
NIAS South Asia Brief Team | Abhimanyu Solanki, Abhishiktha S Kumar, Ashutosh Rath, Astha Panda, Ayush Joshi, Ditipriya Ghosh, Emma Rose Boby, Nitish Raj, Souparnika Suresh, Souparno Rakshit, Suchitra Jakkala, Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi, Vishnudev S
South Asia Brief Team