THE WORLD TODAY #293, Vol 2, No 78
31 March 2026, Tuesday
Adwityo Das, Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, and Siddhi Halyur

AROUND THE WORLD
China: EU lawmakers’ first visit in eight years
On 31 March, China welcomed a delegation of European Union lawmakers to Beijing. This marks the first such visit in eight years, which appears to be an effort to stabilise strained bilateral relations. China's Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning stated that the visit would “facilitate exchanges and cooperation” between legislative bodies and contribute to the stable development of China–EU relations. China's ties with Russia during the Ukraine war and tensions over rare-earth exports have been major factors behind the strained relations between Beijing and Brussels. The visiting lawmakers, focusing on market and consumer protection, are expected to discuss digital regulations with Chinese legislators and market regulators in Beijing and Shanghai. The visit follows the European Union’s recent move to revise its customs system and tighten regulation of Chinese e-commerce platforms. Simultaneously, an EU delegation led by Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann visited Taiwan and met with President Lai Ching-te in Taipei. Lai thanked the European Parliament for its “long-standing and steadfast support” for Taiwan and expects to continue to deepen cooperation in key strategic industries.

UK and Syria: Bilateral discussions on migration and security cooperation
On 31 March, the UK’s PM Starmer met with Syria’s President al-Sharaa in London to discuss migration and bilateral cooperation. The talks focused on improving coordination for the return of migrants, enhancing border security, and addressing people-smuggling networks. According to Downing Street, the discussions included the importance of joint efforts in managing migration-related challenges. PM Starmer also welcomed measures taken by the Syrian government and noted progress in counter-terrorism cooperation between the two countries. In addition to security concerns, the meeting addressed broader regional stability and economic issues. The engagement reflects an effort to strengthen cooperation between the UK and Syria across migration, security, and wider regional matters.

China: Fuel export ban to continue with limited exemptions
On 31 March, China is set to extend its ban on exports of diesel, gasoline and jet fuel into April, with exemptions for small volumes for countries in the region that have requested help. Countries such as Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and Vietnam may receive fuel supplies, and discussions on limited fuel exports to Southeast Asian countries for April are continuing. Reuters reported that the Philippines and Bangladesh have requested fuel supplies from China since the start of the Iran war. Jet fuel exports for international flight refuelling and bunkering were not included in the ban.

The War in Ukraine: Russia warns of retaliation over foreign airspace for Ukraine drones; the EU marks the Bucha anniversary
On 31 March, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov put out a warning entailing that Russia will respond if countries allow Ukraine to use their airspace for drone strikes on Baltic oil ports like Ust-Luga and Primorsk, amid intensified Ukrainian attacks. Separately, the EU marked the Bucha anniversary in Kyiv. EU diplomat Kaja Kallas and ministers visited Bucha, the site of a Russian massacre symbolising war atrocities and Kyiv to mark four years since the killings. Additionally, they also vowed military, financial, energy and humanitarian support despite Hungary blocking a 90 billion Euros loan and EU accession. This act of support comes in tandem while Ukraine pushes for a special tribunal for Russian aggression, which Moscow deems hostile, amidst the war in Iran.

Hungary and Russia: FM faces leak row over talks with Lavrov on EU sanctions
On 31 March, media reported that Hungary's Foreign Minister, Peter Szijjarto, was facing controversy after a leaked audio recording reportedly captured his conversation with Russia's Foreign Minister, Sergei Lavrov, about their attempts to sway EU sanctions. In Hungary, where Prime Minister Viktor Orban, known for maintaining close ties with Russia, faces strong opposition for leaking the recording released by VSquare, an investigative outlet, suggests that Hungary and Slovakia are considering the removal of a sanctioned Russian-linked person. The leak comes just before a crucial election ition. While the audio remained unverified, Szijjarto states his calls were intercepted. The episode has raised EU concerns that Hungary is obstructing joint Ukrainian support and Russian sanction enforcement efforts.

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 32
Trump urges the UK and allies to secure their own oil supplies from the Strait of Hormuz
On 31 March, the US President Donald Trump stated on Truth Social that countries such as the United Kingdom should show some courage, head to the Strait of Hormuz, and secure oil for themselves. He emphasised that nations can no longer rely on the United States for protection. This remark comes amid a backdrop of several US allies scaling back or refusing to participate in the US–Iran war. In the same post, Trump also reiterated his claim that Iran had been largely “decimated” and that the most difficult phase of the war was over.
https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c8jke9v9xv9t

Iran: Explosions in Isfahan, as Trump shares striking footage
On 31 March, President Trump shared a video showing a massive explosion in Isfahan. The footage captured multiple blasts, followed by intense fires that lit up the night sky. While Trump provided no context, media reports suggest the video may be linked to joint US-Israeli strikes on a key ammunition depot in the city. However, the authenticity of the clip could not be independently verified. Citing a US official, The Wall Street Journal reported that the strike involved 2,000-pound (approximately 900-kg) bunker-buster bombs, targeting fortified underground facilities. The attack reportedly triggered secondary explosions, producing large fireballs and shockwaves.

The incident has heightened fears of further escalation as the conflict enters its second month, even as countries like Pakistan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey continue diplomatic efforts to de-escalate tensions.
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/international/explosions-in-isfahan-trigger-iran-missile-response-strikes-hit-israel-amid-rising-tensions/videoshow/129919925.cms

US: Gas prices hit USD 4 per gallon for the first time since 2022
On 31 March, US gas prices hit USD 4.02 per gallon, crossing the USD 4 mark for the first time since 2022. Over the month of March, gas prices in the US have risen by USD 1 per gallon. The price of diesel has also increased by USD 1.70 since the conflict in the Middle East began, with the average now being USD 5.45 per gallon. During March, US crude oil prices have increased by more than 50 per cent, crossing the USD 100 per barrel mark for the first time since July 2022.
https://edition.cnn.com/2026/03/31/business/us-gas-prices-usd4-intl

Pakistan hosts foreign ministers of Turkiye, Egypt and UAE
On 30 March, Pakistan signalled its willingness to host direct talks between the United States and Iran as part of a broader regional effort to de-escalate the ongoing US-Iran War. Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar stated that Pakistan would be “honoured to facilitate meaningful talks” for a lasting settlement, emphasising diplomacy as the only viable path to peace. He held discussions with counterparts from Turkiye, Saudi Arabia and Egypt, focusing on regional stability and secure navigation through the Strait of Hormuz. Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif reiterated support for collective efforts to end hostilities. Meanwhile, Dar’s visit to China aims to shape a framework for potential US-Iran talks, with Beijing backing Pakistan’s mediation role. The European Union has also supported dialogue, though Iran remains cautious, stressing the need for realistic and fair negotiations.

Italy denies permission to US aircraft to land in Sicily
On 31 March, Italy refused to give permission for US military aircraft to land at the Sigonella airbase in Sicily last week. According to Corriere della Sera, an Italian daily, "some US bombers" were supposed to land in Sicily before going to the Middle East. The report said the aircraft were denied permission because Washington had neither sought Rome's clearance nor consulted Italy’s military leadership. As per the treaties signed between Italy and the US, Washington is required to obtain prior clearance before using any Italian military installation.

An Italian government statement said that "Italy acts in full compliance with existing international agreement" and that all requests to use Italian military facilities are examined on a "case-by-case basis." It further added that there was no friction with any international partner and that Italy’s relationship with the US is solid. The US embassy made no comments.
https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/italy-refuses-us-aircraft-use-sicily-base-middle-east-operations-source-says-2026-03-31/

THE WORLD TODAY #292, Vol 2, No 77
30 March 2026, Monday
Adwityo Das, Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, and Siddhi Halyur

AROUND THE WORLD
Myanmar: Parliament nominates military chief Min Aung Hlaing as the President
On 30 March, military chief Min Aung Hlaing was nominated as president in parliament, following a general election from which the biggest opposition parties were excluded. He must give up command of the armed forces if he becomes president. He has been sanctioned by many western countries for leading a military coup five years ago. Around ninety per cent of Myanmar’s new parliament owes its loyalty to Min Aung Hlaing, either as serving officers in the armed forces or as elected candidates of the military’s party. He has also created a consultative council, which he would head, to maintain his authority over both the military and the civilian administration. Min Aung Hlaing has chosen General Ye Win Oo to replace him.

The War in Gaza: Kosovo agrees to the deployment of troops under a US-backed stabilisation initiative
On 30 March, Kosovo approved the deployment of troops to Gaza as part of an international security force backed by the United States. The move is part of a broader initiative aimed at maintaining peace and supporting a transitional administration in Gaza. Other countries, including Indonesia, Morocco, Kazakhstan, and Albania, have also committed troops to the International Stabilization Force. The decision was confirmed during a televised government meeting, where Prime Minister Albin Kurti stated that, drawing on its own experience of benefiting from international forces since 1999, Kosovo is willing to contribute to supporting the people of Gaza. The government did not disclose the number of troops to be sent. Despite the ceasefire that began in November, violence in Gaza has continued, with the Israeli military reportedly killing over 680 Palestinians since then, according to local health officials. The broader conflict, which began in October 2023, has resulted in more than 72,000 deaths. Kosovo, with a population of approximately 1.6 million, remains a close ally of the United States, which supported its independence from Serbia in 2008.

Afghanistan and Pakistan: Flooding leads to fatalities and displacement
On 30 March, severe rainfall triggered widespread flooding and destruction across Afghanistan and Pakistan. This resulted in significant casualties and displacements. Over a period of five days, the extreme weather led to the deaths of at least 45 people and left 74 injured. In Afghanistan, the most severe impact was reported in central and eastern provinces including Parwan, Maidan Wardak, Daykundi, and Logar, where flash floods and landslides destroyed around 130 homes and disrupted livelihoods.The National Disaster Management Authority stated that approximately 1,140 families have been affected by the disaster.In Pakistan, particularly in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province bordering Afghanistan, at least 17 people, including 14 children, were killed and 25 injured as heavy rains caused houses to collapse. Both countries remain highly vulnerable to extreme weather events, with recurring disasters placing immense strain on infrastructure and public services.

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 31
Trump says the US is in talks with the ‘New’ Iranian regime
On 30 March, the BBC reported that US President Trump had engaged in “serious discussions”. President Trump described this as a new and “more reasonable” regime in Iran, raising hopes of ending ongoing US military operations. In a post on Truth Social, Trump claimed that “great progress” has been made in the talks, but warned that if a deal is not reached soon, the US could take strong military action. He said key Iranian infrastructure, including power plants, oil wells, and Kharg Island, could be targeted.

President Trump also stressed that the Strait of Hormuz must remain open, calling it critical for global trade. He framed the warning as retaliation for American lives lost under Iran’s previous leadership. The situation remains uncertain, though Trump expressed confidence that an agreement is likely.
https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c8jke9v9xv9t

Iran calls the US peace proposals "unrealistic, illogical and excessive"
On 30 March, Reuters reported that Iran described the US peace proposals as "unrealistic, illogical and excessive." Iran's Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Esmaeil Baghaei said Iran had received messages from intermediaries which indicated that Washington was willing to negotiate. This announcement came after a meeting of the foreign ministers of Pakistan, Egypt, Turkey and Saudi Arabia in Islamabad to discuss mediation of the conflict. However, Mr. Baghaei criticised the US proposals in a press conference on Monday. He said Iran's position is clear and "We are under military aggression. Therefore, all our efforts and strength are focused on defending ourselves." A Pakistani official also told Reuters that it is unlikely that any direct US-Iran talks will be held this week.

On Sunday, US President Donald Trump said that Washington and Tehran had been meeting directly and indirectly. In a post on Truth Social on Monday, President Trump also said that the US and Iran had made great progress, but "if for any reason a deal is not shortly reached, which it probably will be," and the Strait of Hormuz is not reopened, the US will respond with heavy strikes on Iran's energy infrastructure.
https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/trump-calls-irans-current-leaders-very-reasonable-pakistan-prepares-host-talks-2026-03-30/

Iran attacks Kuwait and Israel
On 30 March, Al Jazeera reported that Iran had attacked a power and water desalination plant in Kuwait. It resulted in the death of one Indian worker and damaged a building at the site, which was confirmed by the Kuwaiti Ministry of Electricity. However, Iran’s military operational command Khatam al-Anbiya made a contradictory statement, claiming that the attack was carried out by Israel. Al Jazeera’s Malik Traina confirmed that on 29 March, 14 missiles and 12 drones were detected in Kuwaiti airspace, and several of those drones were targeting a military camp, where 10 servicemen were injured. Qatar has condemned the attack and has affirmed full solidarity with Kuwait.  While Reuters reported that Israel's Fire and Rescue Service has confirmed that an industrial building and a fuel tanker at Israel's Oil Refineries, in the northern city of Haifa was hit ‌by debris from an intercepted missile. It is still unclear whether the missile was fired by the state of Iran or by the Iran-backed Hezbollah militants in Lebanon, who were both firing at the same time.
https://www.reuters.com/world/
 

THE WORLD TODAY #290, Vol 2, No 75
27 March 2026, Friday
Adwityo Das, Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, and Siddhi Halyur

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 28
Only one-third of Iran's missiles have been destroyed, says Reuters
On 27 March, Reuters reported that the US can confirm with certainty that it has destroyed about a third of Iran's missile arsenal. The status of another third is unconfirmed, but US strikes most likely damaged, destroyed, or buried those missiles in Tehran's underground network of tunnels and bunkers. This assessment contrasts with the claims made by US President Donald Trump. He had commented on Iran's remaining arsenal, saying that Tehran "had very few rockets left." He had also acknowledged the threat posed by Iran's remaining missiles and drones to any US operations in the Strait of Hormuz. In a televised cabinet meeting, Trump said that even ninety-nine per cent destruction of Iran's missiles is unacceptable because the remaining one per cent could destroy billion-dollar ships.

President Trump grants Iran a ten-day extension on the Hormuz deadline, as Israel escalates attacks on missile sites; Iran rejects the 15-point proposal
On 27 March, Reuters reported that President Trump had extended his ultimatum for Iran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz by 10 days to 6 April, pausing threats to destroy its energy plants. This move comes after Tehran rejected a 15-point US proposal including nuclear dismantlement and missile curbs. Meanwhile, Iran has barred shipping from US-Israel allies via the IRGC, urging evacuations near US bases, and vowed Gulf energy strikes if attacked. This follows the news regarding the consummation of indirect talks via Pakistan, which is said to be in the process of preparation.

Reuters also reported that Israel has escalated its strikes on missile sites, killing 15 in Qom and hitting Urmia Housin. As of now, the estimated casualties are over 1,900 dead and 20,000 injured in Iran, according to the Red Cross. Global energy prices continue to rise, with oil hitting USD 111/barrel (up 50 per cent) and US diesel hitting a record USD 7.17/gallon.

The US deploys uncrewed drone boats
On 27 March, Reuters reported that the US has deployed uncrewed drone speedboats as part of its operations against Iran. It also confirms the usage of such vessels in an active conflict. The Pentagon stated that unmanned surface vessels are being used for maritime patrols under Operation Epic Fury to strengthen surveillance in the Middle East. According to Central Command spokesperson Tim Hawkins, the Global Autonomous Reconnaissance Craft (GARC) vessels have logged over 450 patrol hours and covered more than 2,200 nautical miles. The deployment reportedly reflects the growing use of sea drones in modern warfare, particularly after Ukraine used similar systems against Russia’s Black Sea Fleet. Iran has also reportedly used sea drones to attack oil tankers in the Gulf in recent weeks. Although the US has not confirmed offensive use, officials state that unmanned systems help improve maritime monitoring and reduce the need for manned naval operations despite earlier technical problems.

The Kharg Island: Drones, mines heighten risks for US troops to seize the island
On 27 March, Reuters reported that President Trump is weighing a ground operation to seize Kharg Island. The Island is a strategic location that controls about 90 per cent of Iran’s oil exports and lies near the Strait of Hormuz. While analysts state that US forces could seize the island quickly, occupation risks include drone, missile, and mine attacks, prolonging the conflict. They also warn against Iran’s potential retaliation by targeting shipping, escalating instability, and disrupting global energy supplies. Furthermore, Former CENTCOM commander Joseph Votel said holding the island would require significant logistical support, increasing troop vulnerability.

Israel and Lebanon: War between Hezbollah and Tel Aviv causes rampant displacement as communal tensions rise in Beirut
On 27 March, Reuters reported that the war between Israel and Hezbollah had fuelled political and economic strains due to the displacement of Shi'ite Muslims. The enmity further deepens between the Iran-backed group and its opponents in Lebanon. The administration led by PM Nawaf Salam and President Joseph Aoun has banned Hezbollah's military wing, calling for talks with Israel, and demanded Iran's ambassador leave. At the same time, Israel has threatened Gaza-like destruction in Lebanon. Since 02 March, more than one thousand people have been killed in Lebanon, and one-fifth of the total population has been displaced. The Israeli military has ordered the Shi’ite Muslims to evacuate the southern regions, forcing them to find shelter in other parts of the country. Many have found shelter in hotels and vocational colleges.

THE WORLD TODAY #289, Vol 2, No 74
26 March 2026, Wednesday
Adwityo Das, Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, and Siddhi Halyur

The G7: Allies convene amid wars in Ukraine, Iran, and growing concern over an unpredictable US; France’s June summit to include India, South Korea, Brazil, and Kenya, but sees China’s absence
On 26 March, Reuters reported that foreign ministers of the G7 met in France in the backdrop of wars in Ukraine and Iran, economic uncertainty, and concerns over an increasingly unpredictable US foreign policy. The two-day meeting brought together ministers from Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United States, and the European Union. The cohesion has reportedly weakened since Trump returned to power in 2025. "The U.S. attitude is an element of destabilisation of the international system for all players, not only for members of the G7, but also for China, (and) for many, many countries in the world,” stated the Director of the French Institute of International Relations. Efforts to produce a joint statement were set aside to avoid open divisions. A key agenda item of the meeting is said to be Marco Rubio’s briefing on 27 March on US-Israeli operations in Iran and prospects for diplomatic channels. Discussions will also address the Strait of Hormuz disruption and the stalled Ukraine negotiations, with European states opposing any settlement that would be unfavourable to Kyiv.

The meeting is also said to align with France’s priorities ahead of its G7 leaders’ summit set in the Alps coming in June, focusing on global imbalances and the crisis of multilateralism. Reuters reported that Paris aims to broaden participation by inviting India, South Korea, Brazil, and Kenya, while seeking to engage China despite its absence. France’s agenda focuses on preventing a "massive financial crisis" by calling on China to boost domestic demand, the US to reduce deficits, and Europe to increase production. However, these goals risk being overshadowed by immediate pressures such as the US-Israeli war on Iran and energy disruptions, while the relevance of G7 itself is increasingly being questioned, stated Reuters.

14th WTO ministerial conference: The world order and multilateral system as ‘irrevocably’ changed, says Director of the World Trade Organization
On 26 March, the World Trade Organization opened its 14th biennial ministerial conference in Yaounde, Cameroon in the backdrop of concerns over systemic change in global trade. “From a business perspective, we believe this could yet become the worst industrial crisis in living memory,” stated the Secretary-General of the International Chamber of Commerce. Reuters reported that countries were called on to reassess and reform the global  trading system. WTO Director General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala stated: "The world order and multilateral system we used to know has irrevocably changed. We will not get it back...We must look to the future." She noted that 72 per cent of global trade still occurs under WTO rules, with growth in AI-related trade being a bright spot. However, she also put forth the uncertainty faced by the global trading system due to the Middle East conflict and US tariffs. She also highlighted challenges facing the WTO including the paralysis of the dispute settlement mechanism and weak transparency in ?notifying the use of subsidies. Only 64 members submitted notifications for 2025, leaving 102 non-compliant. "Lack of transparency leads to lack of trust, and that breeds suspicions of unfairness and anti-competitive behaviours," she stated. This, she said, has contributed to a "vicious cycle" of mistrust among members towards new rules and reforms.

The US and China: Trump announces May meeting with Xi after delay over Iran War
On 26 March, BCC reported that US President Trump announced his plans to visit President Xi Jinping in Beijing on 14-15 May. This marks the first US presidential visit to China in nearly a decade. The visit, initially scheduled for 31 March, was delayed due to the US-Israel war with Iran. While China is yet to confirm the dates, it's foreign ministry spokesperson Lin Jian stated, “both sides are maintaining communication” regarding the same. Likewise, Trump is also set to host President Xi in Washington later this year, as indicated by officials on True Social. The visit is viewed as significant amid ongoing tensions over trade, technology, and geopolitics, with hopes for recalibrating strained relations.

NATO: Sharp rise in Europe and Canada’s defence spending, says Secretary General
On 26 March, Reuters reported that the Secretary-General, Mark Rutte, stated that the European members of NATO, along with Canada, increased their defence spending by 20 per cent in 2025. He also urged the allied nations to “maintain the momentum towards the 5 per cent of GDP goal by 2035.” Although all the nations have met the 2 per cent benchmark, the spending on defence remains unevenly distributed, with some states already surpassing the higher spending goals. Furthermore, the US has criticized the allied nations for not expressing enough support, with President Trump demanding more burden-sharing. Likewise, the US's 60 per cent of NATO's defence spending reportedly underscores the alliance's ongoing reliance on US military spending.

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 27
The US and Iran: Trump warns Iran to "Get Serious" as Tehran reviews US peace proposal
On 26 March, Reuters reported that US President Donald Trump issued a blunt warning to Iran, demanding it take peace negotiations seriously or face irreversible consequences. In a post on Truth Social, Trump claimed Iran had been "militarily obliterated, with zero chance of a comeback" and was "begging" for a deal. Dismissing Iranian negotiators as "very different and strange," he warned: "They better get serious soon, before it is too late, because once that happens, there is NO TURNING BACK." Iran, meanwhile, confirmed it is reviewing a US proposal to end the nearly four-week-old conflict. Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi acknowledged that messages are being exchanged through friendly nations, but stopped short of calling it a negotiation. "We have no intention of negotiating," Araqchi stated, though his acknowledgement of the review process hints at a guarded willingness to engage if Iranian demands are met. Indirect talks are currently being relayed through Pakistan, with Turkey and Egypt also supporting mediation efforts. The US proposal reportedly demands Iran dismantle its nuclear programme, curb its missile capabilities, and effectively cede control of the Strait of Hormuz. Tehran's counter-demands are equally steep security guarantees against future military action, war compensation, formal control of the Strait, and inclusion of Lebanon in any ceasefire deal.

Israel: PM Netanyahu hails killing of Iranian Naval Commander as proof of US-Israel cooperation
On 26 March, the BBC reported that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu called the killing of Iranian Revolutionary Guards naval commander Alireza Tangsiri "yet another example of cooperation" between Israel and the United States. In a video message in Hebrew, Netanyahu said Israel continues to "forcefully strike" targets across Iran, signalling no let-up in military operations. Netanyahu echoed Defence Minister Israel Katz in highlighting Tangsiri's role in Iran's effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz, a critical global energy chokepoint. "This man had a great deal of blood on his hands," Netanyahu said, framing the strike as a shared achievement toward what he described as the "common goal of achieving the objectives of the war."

Lebanon: Israel aims to seize eight per cent of Lebanese territory for buffer zone against Hezbollah
On 26 March, Reuters reported that Israel has stated it will seize a chunk of southern Lebanon to create a buffer zone against Hezbollah. On 4 March, Israel had ordered Lebanese civilians to leave the area south of the Litani River, two days after Hezbollah fired rockets at Israel, joining the US-Israeli war on Iran. This river runs east from the Mediterranean Sea and lies 19 miles north of the Israel-Lebanon border. Eight percent of Lebanese territory lies south of the Litani. The Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) has set up new fortifications and destroyed villages south of the river. Israel considers southern Lebanon to be a stronghold for Iran-backed Hezbollah.

Earlier this week on 24 March, Israel's Defence Minister Israel Katz marked the escalation of Israeli plans. He announced that the IDF would control the security zone up to the Litani.  Israel's military spokesperson, Effie Defrin, has also said that the IDF would define the Litani as the "northern security line." Israel's Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, made his first comments on these plans on Tuesday. He said "We are simply creating a larger buffer zone." The Lebanese government has so far made no comments regarding Israel’s plans. Hezbollah referred to Israel's decision as an "existential threat" to Lebanon. Hezbollah added that they would fight against it. So far this month, Hezbollah has fired rockets into Israel from both the north and south of the Litani, leading to one death in northern Israel.

Pakistan: Israel removes top Iranian officials including Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi and Parliamentary Speaker Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf from hit list following Islamabad’s intervention
On 26 March, Reuters reported that Israel removed Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi and Parliamentary Speaker Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf from its hit list after Pakistan requested the United States to press Israel not to eliminate them. A Pakistani source told Reuters that "We told the U.S. if they are also eliminated then there is no one else to talk to, hence the U.S. asked the Israelis to back off."  The Wall Street Journal first reported that two senior Iranian officials had been temporarily removed from Israel's hit list in order to negotiate a peace deal. However, that report made no mention of Pakistan in it. Pakistan's Military and Foreign office did not respond to any requests for comments. Furthermore, Israel's military and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's office also did not respond.

THE WORLD TODAY #287, Vol 2, No 72
24 March 2026, Tuesday
Adwityo Das, Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, and Siddhi Halyur

China and the US: China is preparing for submarine warfare, and is mapping the Ocean floor, says a Reuters report
On 24 March, Reuters reported that China is conducting a vast seabed mapping and monitoring campaign across the Pacific, Indian and Arctic oceans, using dozens of research vessels and hundreds of sensors to build a detailed picture of undersea terrain and water conditions. According to the report, the Chinese flagship vessel, the Dong Fang Hong 3, has criss-crossed waters near Taiwan, Guam and key stretches of the Indian Ocean since 2024, checking powerful sensors off Japan and surveying approaches to the Malacca Strait under the banner of mud and climate research. Naval experts and US officials say the deep-sea data it gathers on seabed features, temperature, salinity, and currents directly support submarine navigation and anti-submarine warfare. These key datasets help China deploy its own boats and track those of adversaries.  According to the report, the extensive mapping and data collection work forms part of President Xi Jinping’s “civil‑military fusion” strategy and an ambitious “transparent ocean” project, which has expanded from the South China Sea to chokepoints east of the Philippines, around Guam and Hawaii, along India and Sri Lanka, and into Arctic routes off Alaska.
https://www.reuters.com/investigations/china-is-mapping-ocean-floor-it-prepares-submarine-warfare-with-us-2026-03-24/

China and Rare-earth: Global Times and China Daily report of a "massive deposit of rare-earth minerals" in Sichuan province
On 24 March, media reports from China inform the discovery of the world’s second-largest light rare-earth deposit in Mianning County, Sichuan Province. According to the reports, there is a more than 300 per cent increase in reserves in the area, with the discovery including approximately 9.67 million tons of rare-earth oxides, along with 27.14 million tons of fluorite and 37.23 million tons of barite. These rare-earth oxides are widely used in clean energy systems, high-end manufacturing and many emerging industries. Fluorite and barite support the chemical and petroleum industries. According to the reports, the discovery comes after recent exploration successes such as a large antimony deposit in Dangchang County, Gansu. China already hosts the world’s largest rare-earth mine at Bayan Obo in Inner Mongolia, with industrial reserves of about 44 million tons, which account for 83.7 per cent of the national total. This further establishes China’s position as a leading supplier of rare earths in the global market.
https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202603/1357440.shtml
https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202603/24/WS69c1fd12a310d6866eb3f900.html

India: Government has "sufficient stock of petrol and diesel” and "Domestic production of LPG has been stepped up in refineries," say officials
On 24 March, Sujata Sharma, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, during an inter-ministerial briefing, stated that India has “sufficient stock of petrol and diesel.” The Hindu quoted her saying that “domestic production of LPG has been stepped up in refineries.” According to the statement, India currently has about 21 days of LPG stock, while petrol and diesel supplies remain stable with no reported shortages. There have been no instances of fuel “dry-outs” at retail outlets, though a rise in LPG bookings was observed due to public concern.

Providing details on shipping activity, Rajesh Kumar Sinha, Special Secretary, Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, said that “there are twenty ships operating in the region.” He added that “20 Indian-flagged vessels are currently in the Western Part of the Strait of Hormuz,” including five carrying LPG with a combined load of 2.32 lakh metric tonnes. He stated that “Jag Vasant and Pine Gas have safely crossed the Strait of Hormuz.” Pine Gas, carrying 45,000 metric tonnes of LPG, is expected to reach New Mangalore Port on March 27, while Jag Vasant is expected at Kandla Port on March 28. The government said it is continuing to monitor developments while maintaining supply chains.
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/government-briefing-lpg-crisis-sufficient-stock-petrol-diesel-strait-of-hormuz-updates/article70779360.ece

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 25
Iran launches waves of missiles on Israel; calls Trump's statement of dialogue as fake news
On 24 March, Reuters reported that Iran launched successive waves of missiles at Israel on Tuesday. Missiles struck Tel Aviv, tearing through a multi-storey apartment building while air raid sirens blared across the city. Rescue teams scrambled to search for civilians trapped in the rubble. Despite Trump's diplomatic overtures, including a five-day pause on threatened strikes against Iran's power plants, Tehran showed no signs of standing down. Iran's foreign ministry made only a vague reference to "initiatives to reduce tensions," stopping well short of acknowledging any direct engagement with Washington. Earlier, on Monday, the US President Trump claimed "very good and productive" talks were underway to halt the escalating conflict. Iran's parliament speaker, Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf, swiftly dismissed those claims as "fake news," strictly denying any negotiations had taken place.
https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/iran-sends-waves-missiles-into-israel-dismisses-trumps-talk-negotiations-fake-2026-03-24/

Oil prices surge again, after Iran denies talks with the US
On 24 March, Oil prices rose after Iran denied that it had held negotiations with the US to end the war. On Monday, US President Trump stated that the US had held talks with Iran, which produced "major points of agreement." Following this announcement, crude oil prices had dropped by 10 per cent. However, on Tuesday, Iran denied that it had held talks with the US. Following that, Brent futures rose 1.8 per cent to USD 101.77 a barrel. US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) climbed 2.5 per cent, to USD 90.34. Macquarie Group, a major global financial services firm based in Australia, said Brent could reach USD 150 per barrel if the Strait of Hormuz remains effectively shut until the end of April.
https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/oil-rises-markets-assess-supply-risks-after-iran-denies-us-talks-2026-03-24/

Lebanon: Israel will occupy up to the Litani River in Lebanon, warns its Defence Minister
On 24 March, Israel's Defence Minister, Israel Katz, said that the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) will occupy Lebanon up to the Litani River.  In a meeting with the military chief of staff, Katz said that Israel was creating a defensive buffer up to the Litani, which meets the Mediterranean Sea approximately 20 miles north of the Israel-Lebanon border. Since 13 March, the IDF has destroyed five bridges over the river and accelerated the destruction of Lebanese villages near the Israeli border with Lebanon. Katz said that the IDF aims to establish a forward defensive line in Lebanon and destroy Hezbollah-linked infrastructure in the region, including homes that Katz said function as "terrorist outposts." He further added that this approach was similar to that taken by the IDF in Gaza.
https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israels-military-occupy-swathe-southern-lebanon-defence-chief-says-2026-03-24/

Pakistan: Media reports indicate Islamabad is willing to mediate between the US and Iran
On 24 March, the BBC and Reuters reported that Pakistan was willing to mediate between the US and Iran. According to Dawn, PM Sharif had a telephone conversation earlier with Iran’s President. BBC even reported that US Special Envoy Witcoff could travel to Islamabad for the talks. Earlier today, Qatar’s foreign ministry spokesperson informed that Doha is not mediating between the US and Iran. On Monday, President Trump talked about a dialogue with Tehran and pausing the military strikes on Iran for five days. Iran has denied the same as “fake news” and continued to launch missiles on Israel today.

THE WORLD TODAY #286, Vol 2, No 71
23 March 2026, Monday

THE US-IRAN WAR SPECIAL COVERAGE, DAY 24

The US: Trump talks of "productive conversations" with Iran and extends the US deadline to strike Iran's power plants; Iran denies it, and threatens to retaliate, targeting Israel’s power plants and communications technology infrastructure
On 23 March, US President Donald Trump announced on Truth Social that the US and Iran have had "very good and productive conversations regarding a complete and total resolution" of their hostilities. As a result, he wrote that he had instructed the US Department of War to postpone all planned military strikes on Iran's energy infrastructure and power plants for five days. On Saturday,  Trump had threatened that all of Iran’s power plants would be destroyed if Tehran failed to fully open the Strait of Hormuz within 48 hours.

Iran's top military command responded directly to these threats and warned that Tehran would retaliate and target Israel's “power plants, energy and information and communications technology infrastructure” along with all other power plants in the Middle East countries that host US bases. The Iranian operational command further added that if the US carries out any attacks against Iran's power infrastructure, then the Strait of Hormuz would be completely closed until Iran rebuilds the destroyed facilities. Iran's Fars News Agency, which is deeply affiliated with Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), denied that any direct or indirect talks had taken place between the US and Iran. The news agency also added that President Trump had decided to back down from his initial threats after the IRGC promised to retaliate against all power stations in the Middle East.

Energy Crisis: The Chief of the International Energy Agency (IEA) says keeping the Hormuz Strait open as the "single most important solution" to address the global energy crisis
On 23 March, International Energy Agency Chief Fatih Birol, speaking at Australia's National Press Club, warned that the global economy faces severe threats from the ongoing Iran war and that no country is immune if the conflict persists. He drew comparisons with past crises - the oil shocks of 1973 and 1979, which had caused a loss of roughly 10 million barrels per day. The current crisis has already exceeded that, with losses of approximately 11 million barrels per day. Similarly, while Russia's invasion of Ukraine disrupted around 75 BCM of European gas supply, the present crisis has pushed total losses to nearly 140 BCM, almost double. Around 40 energy assets across nine countries have been severely damaged. The IEA has released a record 400 million barrels from strategic reserves to stabilise markets, and is consulting governments across Europe, Asia, North America, and the Middle East on potential further releases. He was unequivocal that keeping the Strait of Hormuz open remains the single most critical solution to the crisis.

Lebanon: Israel to expand attacks against Hezbollah
On 23 March, the BBC reported that the Israeli military had approved plans to expand ground and air operations against Hezbollah in Lebanon, raising fears of a large-scale invasion. Chief of General Staff Lt Gen Eyal Zamir authorised "targeted ground operations and strikes" in what officials described as a "prolonged operation."Defence Minister Israel Katz ordered forces to destroy bridges over the Litani River, approximately 30km from the Israeli border. These bridges are mainly used by Hezbollah to move reinforcements and to demolish homes in Lebanese border villages, mirroring tactics used in Gaza.
More than 1,000 people have been killed in Lebanon since the escalation began, including 118 children and 40 health workers, with over a million displaced. Lebanese President Joseph Aoun condemned the strikes as a "prelude to a ground invasion" amounting to "collective punishment against civilians."The current escalation follows Hezbollah rocket attacks on Israel in retaliation for the killing of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and ongoing Israeli strikes despite a ceasefire agreed in November 2024.

AROUND THE WORLD
China: More than 300 humanoids to run a half-marathon in Beijing
On 23 March, China Daily reports that over 300 humanoid robots will compete alongside humans in the 2026 Beijing E-Town Half Marathon and Humanoid Robot Half Marathon on 19 April. This year’s event marks a significant expansion in scale and technical ambition, as 76 institutions nationwide, 80 corporate teams, 20 teams from universities and training camps, 26 robot brands and more than 300 humanoid robots are expected to participate. The race is expected to offer a testing ground for China’s rapidly developing humanoid robotics sector, as almost 38 per cent of teams will deploy robots capable of autonomous navigation, signalling advances in real-world mobility and control.

North Korea: Kim Jong Un reappointed as President of State Affairs, reports State media
On 23 March, Reuters quoted North Korea’s state media, KCNA, and reported that Kim Jong Un had been reappointed as the President of state affairs. The decision, according to the report, was taken by the Supreme People's Assembly that convened earlier. According to the Reuters report, “the assembly, North Korea's rubber-stamp legislature that formally approves ​state policy, typically meets following a ruling Workers' Party Congress to turn ​party decisions into law.” The report also mentioned Kim Yo Jong’s (Kim Jong Un’s sister) name being absent from the State Affairs Commission list.

South China Sea: Vietnam protests against China's construction activities in the Paracel Islands
On 22 March, the South China Morning Post reported that Vietnam had lodged a strong protest against China’s ongoing construction activities in the disputed Paracel Islands. These activities are particularly concentrated at Antelope Reef. “Vietnam resolutely opposes such activities, makes representations and affirms its position on this matter,” Vietnamese foreign ministry spokeswoman Pham Thu Hang said on Saturday. The Foreign Ministry of Vietnam has also stated that these actions “seriously violate” its territorial claims and harm regional stability. Although China has controlled the Paracel Islands since 1974, Vietnam continues to assert its claim, making the area a persistent source of friction between the two countries. China, on the other hand, has defended its actions, maintaining that the construction is taking place within its own territory and falls under its rights. 

Vietnam: Communist Party dominates parliamentary elections
On 22 March, Vietnam’s Communist Party secured nearly 97 per cent of the seats in the country’s 500- member National Assembly. According to official results, the party won 482 seats, reaffirming its political dominance. Voter turnout exceeded 99 per cent in the elections, consistent with the polls. While the National Assembly is formally responsible for legislation, it has limited power to challenge decisions made by the Communist Party, though it has at times amended proposed laws. The newly elected parliament is expected to convene on 6 April to confirm key leadership positions, including the president and prime minister. To Lam, who was confirmed as general secretary earlier this year, is widely expected to assume the presidency as well, potentially consolidating top leadership roles. The outcome reflects the stability of Vietnam’s political structure, even as it navigates broader regional and global challenges.

France: In the local elections, Socialists win the big cities, including Paris and Marseille
On 23 March, in the local elections, the far-right National Rally (RN) failed to win control of the big four cities- Paris, Marseille, Lyon and Lille. The Socialists won in the nationwide municipal elections. The nationalist Eurosceptic party lost in Marseille and Toulon, whereas its ally, the conservative UDR party, won in Nice. The municipal votes were seen as a test of both the depth of the far right’s support base a year ahead of presidential elections, and the resilience of mainstream parties in a fragmented political landscape. The hard-left France Unbowed (LFI) won in Saint-Denis as well as Roubaix. Ecologist Gregory Doucet, an ally of LFI, won in Lyon. The Renaissance party won in Bordeaux. Former Prime Minister Edouard Philippe, a centre-right politician, was re-elected mayor in his port city of Le Havre, in a boost to his hopes of running for president in 2027.

THE WORLD TODAY #285, Vol 2, No 70
21 March 2026, Saturday
Adwitiyo Das, Brighty Ann Sarah, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, R. Preetha, Yesasvi Koganti

THE US-IRAN WAR SPECIAL COVERAGE, DAY 21
The US: President Trump considering to “wind down” military operations against Iran; Lists five key objectives that the US is close to achieve
On 20 March, US President Donald Trump wrote on Truth Social that the United States is getting very close to meeting its objectives in the war against Iran and is considering winding down its military efforts in the Middle East. In his post, Trump detailed five key objectives which he said the US was close to achieving. First, degrading Iran's missile program. Second, destroying Iran's military industry. Third, destroying Iran's Navy, Air Force, and anti-air capabilities. Fourth, never allowing Iran to get close to nuclear capability and ensuring the US is quick to respond to any such development, and fifth, protecting all US allies in the region.  Shortly after President Trump's post, White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt wrote on X "the President and the Pentagon predicted it would take approximately 4-6 weeks to achieve this mission."

Diego Garcia: Iran fired two missiles but failed to strike the base, reports WSJ; UK authorises US to use its bases to strike Iran missile sites targeting ships in Hormuz 
On 20 March, The Wall Street Journal, citing multiple US officials, reported that Iran fired two missiles toward Diego Garcia but failed to strike the US-UK military base. One missile failed in flight, while a US warship launched an SM-3 interceptor at the second, although it remains unclear whether the interception succeeded. The BBC noted the attempt occurred before the United Kingdom agreed to permit the United States to use British bases against Iranian sites targeting shipping through the Strait of Hormuz. Diego Garcia, about 3,800 km from Iran, is considered beyond the range of Iran’s missiles. The airbase is strategically located and can accommodate long-range bombers. It has long served as a launchpad for military operations in the Middle East. However, its role in the US strikes on Iran has remained limited, as the UK permitted the use of its bases only for operations targeting the interests of the UK and its regional allies.

On 20 March, the UK government authorised the US to use its bases; a Downing Street statement said the agreement included “U.S. defensive operations to degrade the missile sites and capabilities being used to attack ships in the Strait of Hormuz.” Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi stated that Starmer was “putting British lives in danger by allowing UK bases to be used for aggression against Iran." This development follows PM Starmer’s initial rejection of the US request to use British bases, along with repeated criticism from President Trump that Starmer was not doing enough to support US efforts in the conflict.

India and Iran: PM Modi condemns attacks on critical infrastructure in call with Iran’s President Pezeshkian
On  21 March, Prime Minister Narendra Modi condemned attacks on critical infrastructure in the region, noting that they threaten regional stability and disrupt global supply chains. He reiterated the significance of safeguarding freedom of navigation and emphasised that shipping lanes must remain open and secure. The Ministry of External Affairs stated that the Prime Minister expressed deep concern over the evolving security situation and reaffirmed India’s consistent position that all issues must be resolved through dialogue and diplomacy. He also appreciated Iran’s continued support in ensuring the safety and security of Indian nationals in the country. This marks the second such conversation between the two leaders since the conflict began.

AROUND THE WORLD
The War in Gaza: The Board of Peace presents a proposal demanding "full decommissioning by Hamas and every armed group”
On 21 March, President Trump’s Board of Peace presented Hamas with a proposal outlining the disarmament process, Reuters reported. The proposal was submitted to Hamas during meetings in Cairo over the past week, where the talks were attended by Nikolay Mladenov, Trump’s Board of Peace envoy to Gaza, and US aide to Trump's special envoy Steve Witkoff, Aryeh Lightstone. Mladenov stated that the plan demands a clear choice of “full decommissioning by Hamas and every armed group, with no exceptions and no carve-outs.” The report stated that members of Hamas could be offered amnesty and targeted investments as incentives to lay down their weapons. However, the funding sources for the Board to back these plans remain unclear, as only a fraction of the USD 7 billion pledged by member states have been disbursed. Hamas officials have not responded to the plan yet, while sources close to the group suggested that the group is unlikely to relinquish its rifles, citing fears of attacks from rival militias in Gaza, some reportedly supported by Israel. Clashes between Hamas and these factions have continued even after the October ceasefire, with both sides carrying out deadly attacks.

Nigeria: US deploys drones and troops to aid Nigeria against imminent threats
On 21 March, Reuters reported the US military has stationed multiple MQ 9 Reaper drones along with 200 troops in Nigeria to train forces and gather intelligence on northern Islamist militants, without frontline combat or airstrikes. These reinforcements are said to be operating from the Bauchi airfield in Nigeria. They support a new US-Nigeria intelligence fusion cell providing actionable tips to commanders, at Nigeria's request, amid spreading al-Qaeda and other extremist organisations' threats. This marks US re-engagement post 2024 after the Niger drone base shutdown and the late 2025 northwest Nigeria airstrikes. Recent garrison town suicide bombing and banditry near Benin-Niger borders underscore persistent Boko Haram and ISWAP dangers. The US aims to help "identify, track and respond," to such threats in Nigeria.

Costa Rica: Ex-Supreme Court judge Gamboa sent to the US in first-ever national extradition
On 21 March, Reuters reported that Costa Rica extradited former Supreme Court judge and ex-security minister Celso Gamboa to the US on charges of international drug trafficking, marking the country’s first extradition of one of its own nationals. Attorney General Carlo Diaz said the move sends a strong message against impunity. The extradition follows a 2025 judicial reform lifting a long-standing ban on extraditing citizens amid rising organized crime. Gamboa, removed from the court in 2018 over corruption allegations, denies wrongdoing. President Rodrigo Chaves called the case “the tip of the iceberg.” Authorities said Gamboa was flown to Texas alongside alleged trafficker Edwin Lopez Vega.

THE WORLD TODAY #284, Vol 2, No 69
20 March 2026, Friday
Adwitiyo Das, Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rebecca Ann Oommen, R. Preetha, Santhiya M, Siddhi Haylur, Tonica Sharon C

THE US-IRAN WAR SPECIAL COVERAGE, DAY 21
Iran attacks an oil refinery in Kuwait; Israeli strikes kill an IRGC spokesperson 
On 20 March, Reuters reported that Iran attacked an oil refinery in Kuwait while Israel killed a spokesperson of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps as the escalation of the US-Israeli war on Iran continued. Iranian state television confirmed that Ali Mohammad Naini, ​spokesperson for the IRGC and its deputy ​of public ​relations, was killed in strikes by the US and Israel. Naini’s killing forms part of a series of high-profile targeted strikes that have significantly impacted Iran’s establishment in less than three weeks, reported Al Jazeera. Earlier in the week, Ali Larijani, secretary of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council, a prominent figure in Iran’s establishment, was killed in a strike alongside his son and several aides. Within the same 48-hour period, Brigadier General Gholamreza Soleimani, head of the Basij paramilitary forces, and Intelligence Minister Esmail Khatib were also confirmed dead. On 20 March, the Israeli military stated that it had also killed Esmail Ahmadi, a senior intelligence figure part of the IRGC’s Basij unit, in an attack on Tehran earlier in the week. As per media reports, Iranian authorities did not comment on Israel’s claim regarding Ahmadi’s death.

The US and Israel: President Trump and Netanyahu disagree over the gas field attack; US officials state they have different objectives in the war
On 20 March, The Hindu reported that US President Donald Trump condemned Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's decision to attack the South Pars gas field. Trump told Netanyahu not to repeat the kind of attack Israel ‌carried out on the world's largest gas field. The Guardian reported that Netanyahu also confirmed that Israel acted alone, but did not clarify whether Trump was made aware of the decision. Furthermore, he stated that President Trump was not “dragged” into the war by him, amid growing speculations that the two leaders have differing war aims. Moreover, the attack has prompted Iran to retaliate against energy infrastructure in other West Asian countries, damaging the world's largest gas plant in Qatar. This is the first notable disagreement between the two leaders since the US-Israel and Iran conflict started. In a social media post on 18 March, Trump remarked that he “knew nothing about this particular attack," even as three Israeli officials told Reuters the strike was coordinated with the United States. The White House declined to comment further when asked about the information from the remarks of the three Israeli officials. Furthermore, top US officials stated that the US and Israel have different objectives in the war. The US air campaign has focused on decimating Iran's missile programme; meanwhile, Israel is focused on toppling the Islamic regime that took over in 1979.

Europe, Canada and Japan: Joint statement condemns Iran, pledges support to stabilise global markets
On 19 March, the leaders of the UK, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, Canada and Japan released a joint statement. which condemned Iran's closure of the Strait of Hormuz and attacks on civilian infrastructure, especially Gulf-owned commercial tankers, oil and gas infrastructure. The statement, demanding Iran halt its attacks, said: "We call on Iran to cease immediately its threats, laying of mines, drone and missile attacks and other attempts to block the Strait to commercial shipping, and to comply with UN Security Council Resolution 2817."  The joint statement further emphasised that any attacks on global energy shipping routes and freedom of navigation threaten international peace and security. It welcomed the International Energy Agency's decision to coordinate a release of strategic oil reserves to maintain global energy prices. The statement also committed to providing support to petroleum-producing nations to increase global output. The statement further stated that they would also aid the most affected nations through multilateral mechanisms such as the UN.

The US: Pentagon seeks USD 200 billion more for the war with Iran amid backlash; 'It takes money to kill bad guys,' says Pete Hegseth
On 20 March, Reuters reported that the Pentagon had requested more than USD 200 billion in supplemental funding from Congress to cover operations. This has received strong pushback from Democrats and some Republicans despite record defence spending already approved in recent budgets, including USD 840 billion for fiscal 2026. Secretary of War Pete Hegseth defended the request by stating that “It takes money to kill bad guys.” The officials estimate the first six days cost over USD 11 billion, and daily expenses now run USD 1-2 billion. Meanwhile, the administration has approved roughly USD 7 billion in additional arms to the UAE (including Patriot PAC-3 missiles and CH-47 Chinooks) on top of USD 16.5 billion in other announced regional sales. Discussions are also underway about deploying thousands more US troops to the region. This is argued to be potentially used to secure oil tanker routes through the Strait of Hormuz or seize control of Iran’s critical Kharg Island oil export hub. No final decision has been made on the ground.

AROUND THE WORLD
China: Oil production reaches record levels; Beijing faces capacity constraints, says Reuters
On 20 March, a Reuters report suggested that China has reached near-maximum levels of domestic oil production following a push to increase output. Production reached a record 4.32 million barrels per day (bpd) in 2025, boosted by additional drilling in ageing fields and offshore expansion. Beijing now aims to maintain output at around 4 million bpd, with production expected to remain broadly stable in the near term before gradually declining. Efforts to increase production began after output fell in 2016, leading to a seven-year plan that expanded drilling into deeper, more complex areas, including offshore fields such as Bohai Bay, which produced about 740,000 bpd in 2025. At the same time, shale oil output reached nearly 164,000 bpd last year, though it remains commercially challenging due to high costs ranging from USD 45 to USD 90 per barrel. Though output could peak at around 4.36 million bpd between 2028 and 2030, a slowdown in growth is likely to sustain China’s dependence on oil imports.

US and Japan: Prime Minister Takaichi weighs US oil stockpile deal in wider resource partnership upon her visit to Washington; Announces new energy and critical minerals initiative
On 20 March, Reuters reported that Japan may begin stockpiling US crude oil in domestic reserves as part of efforts to bolster energy security amid global market turmoil, reporting on statements made by Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi during her US visit. The plan would add American barrels into Japan’s strategic system, complementing earlier decisions to draw on existing stockpiles to cushion the impact of the Iran war on prices. In Washington, President Donald Trump defended US strikes on Iran by drawing a parallel with Japan’s 1941 attack on Pearl Harbour during an Oval Office meeting with Takaichi, joking about “surprise” in reference to the nature of the attack. His remarks, recalling the attack that killed 2,390 Americans and drew the US into World War Two, sparked mixed reactions on the streets of Tokyo.

Separately, the US and Japan announced new energy and critical minerals initiatives, including an action plan to secure supplies of key resources needed for clean energy and advanced manufacturing. The plan envisages coordinated trade tools such as possible border-adjusted price floors, joint support for mining and processing projects in both countries and third states, and closer cooperation on standards, geological data sharing and strategic stockpiling of select minerals.

Sri Lanka: Colombo turns down US and Iran military access requests to maintain neutrality
On 20 March, Sri Lanka’s President Anura Kumara Dissanayake said the government had declined a US request to allow two combat aircraft to land at a civilian airport earlier in the month. The reason is the need to maintain neutrality during the ongoing war. The US sought permission for the aircraft, armed with anti-ship missiles, to land at Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport between 04 and 08 March. Speaking in parliament, Dissanayake said the aircraft were equipped with eight anti-ship missiles and confirmed that the request had been rejected. “We turned down the request to maintain Sri Lanka’s neutrality,” he said. The proposal had been submitted on February 26. Sri Lanka also received a separate request from Iran on the same day, seeking permission for three naval vessels to make a goodwill visit between March 9 and March 13. This request was declined as well. Dissanayake explained that approving one would have required approving the other, stating, “Had we said ‘yes’ to Iran, we would have had to say ‘yes’ to the U.S. as well.” The decisions come amid rising regional tensions following U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran on February 28, which have disrupted energy supplies.

The US: President Trump releases an AI policy to forestall state regulations
On 20 March, President Trump released an AI framework which aims to ensure protection for children, communities and small businesses as part of a national plan to regulate developments in the field. It is a push for a single, uniform legislative framework across the country, rather than states having their own frameworks. The framework calls for data centres to generate their own on-site power, increase the federal government’s ability to fight AI-generated scams, remove barriers to innovation, accelerate AI deployment across business sectors, and make it easier to build top-grade AI systems.

THE WORLD TODAY #283, Vol 2, No 68
19 March 2026, Thursday
Adwitiyo Das, Brighty Ann Sarah, Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, RakshithacB, Rebecca Ann Oommen, R. Preetha, Santhiya M, Siddhi Haylur, Sreemaya Nair, Tonica Sharon C, Yesasvi Koganti

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 20
The US: Washington's objectives in Iran stay unchanged, says the US Defence Secretary
On 19 March, Reuters reported that Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth said US objectives in Iran remain unchanged, even as discussions over increased military funding continue. His remarks suggest that the focus is still on achieving core military goals rather than expanding the scope of the conflict. He also claimed that the US military has struck seven thousand targets in Iran, additionally damaging or sinking over one hundred and twenty Iranian ships. Pete Hegseth. Separately, US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated that the US government “may unsanction the Iranian oil” that is already being shipped. It amounts to about 140 million barrels, and the US could also release more oil from its own strategic reserves to combat the global energy crisis in light of escalating conflict between the US, Israel, and Iran. Oil and Natural gas prices have soared by nearly 10 per cent, reaching USD 118 a barrel. In an attempt to reduce prices, last week the US removed sanctions on Russian oil at sea and even allowed Iranian-linked ships and companies to transport and sell Russian oil on the open market. 

Trump considers deploying troops in Iran
On 18 March, Reuters reported that a US official, along with three other people familiar with the matter, disclosed that the Trump administration is considering deploying thousands of US troops to the Middle East. These considerations primarily concern securing the Strait of Hormuz and Kharg Island. Quoting sources, the Reuters report said the operations to secure the Strait of Hormuz would mainly be conducted by the US Air Force and Navy. They further added that the US might deploy troops to the Iranian coastline. The official also said that the Trump administration was discussing the deployment of troops to Kharg Island, which is a major economic hub that accounts for 90 per cent of Iran's oil exports. On 13 March, the US had bombed Iran's military assets on the Island and threatened to destroy the oil infrastructure. Military experts suggest that taking over the Island would be a better option. However, this would also risk the lives of US servicemen as the Kharg Island lies within the range of Iranian drones and missiles.

Saudi Arabia: Foreign Minister warns patience in Gulf is not “unlimited”
On 19 March, Al Jazeera reported Saudi Arabia’s Foreign Minister’s remarks that Gulf states possess “very significant capacities and capabilities” to respond to continued attacks by Iran. Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud called on Tehran to immediately “recalculate” its strategy, and put forth that tolerance of its attacks on his country and the neighbouring Gulf states is limited. “The patience that is being exhibited is not unlimited,” he added. Prince Faisal’s remarks followed a meeting of foreign ministers from Arab and Islamic countries in Riyadh earlier on 19 March to discuss the escalation of the war. According to the Foreign Minister: “The level of accuracy in some of this targeting… indicates that this is something that was premeditated, preplanned, preorganised and well thought out.” This comes in the backdrop of recent developments, including Iranian attacks on Gulf energy sites such as Qatar’s Ras Laffan gas facility and the UAE’s Habshan gas facility. Prince Faisal further put forth that Iran’s approach reflects a long-term strategy and that trust has been completely broken. “If Iran doesn’t stop … immediately, I think there will be almost nothing that can re-establish that trust,” he added.

AROUND THE WORLD
Rwanda and the DR Congo: Agreement reached to de-escalate tensions in Washington talks
On 19 March, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo agreed on steps to “de-escalate tensions” during a US-hosted meeting in Washington. The talks were held over two days. This marked the first direct engagement between the two sides since US sanctions targeted Rwanda’s military earlier this month. The reason being the alleged support provided to the M23 rebel group, a claim denied by Kigali. In a joint statement, both countries committed to measures aimed at reducing hostilities, including the disengagement of Rwandan forces from certain areas in eastern Congo and renewed efforts by Congolese authorities to neutralise the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), a militia formed after the 1994 genocide. The agreement also stressed the importance of protecting civilians, as violence linked to the M23 rebel group continues to destabilise the region. M23, which says it is defending Tutsi communities, remains active despite previous peace efforts. The meeting followed a US-brokered peace deal in December, after which tensions rose when M23 briefly seized territory before withdrawing under pressure. The earlier agreement aimed to ease cross-border tensions and address armed groups in eastern Congo, but implementation remained limited. Despite the commitments, concerns remain over continued instability and persistent mistrust between the two countries.

The War in Ukraine: Peace talks on pause amid the US-Iran war; Energy export routes face threats from Ukrainian attacks, says Russia
On 19 March, Russia's spokesperson, Dmitry Peskov stated that the peace talks between the US, Russia and Ukraine on ending the war have been put on a “situational pause” amid the US-Iran war. Peskov said the pause could end and a new round of talks could take place as soon as the US pays more attention to Ukrainian affairs, while talks on economic and investment cooperation with the US would continue. Russian drones hit several apartment buildings in Ukraine’s Black Sea port of Odesa, a focal point for Ukrainian exports, injuring at least three people. It also targeted energy sites in the Volyn region. Ukrainian attacks on Gazprom gas compressor stations serving the TurkStream and Blue Stream pipelines have intensified, threatening critical infrastructure and international energy routes. They are Russia’s last remaining pipeline routes to Europe, and attacks on them could pose an additional threat to energy markets amid the US-Iran war. All the attacks on the pipelines have been repelled.

Venezuela: Acting President Rodriguez replaces Defence Minister with sanctioned general
On 19 March, Reuters reported that Acting President Delcy Rodriguez appointed General Gustavo Gonzalez Lopez as her new defence minister, replacing General Vladimir Padrino, a long-time ally of ousted President Nicolas Maduro. General Lopez had served as the domestic intelligence director until mid 2024 and had also held posts such as PDVSA's strategic affairs head under Rodriguez. General Lopez had previously been sanctioned by the US and EU. Vladimir Padrino, who was the defence minister for 11 years, played a key role after the US's capture of Maduro and served as a stabiliser, shifts to new duties. Separately, Reuters reported that the UN noted Venezuela's repressive apparatus remains intact after the US seized Maduro, with 2,000 generals controlling troops and business empires. Despite changes in leadership, analysts expect no policy shift in Venezuela.

THE WORLD TODAY #282
18 MARCH 2026, WEDNESDAY
Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, Rebecca Ann Oommen, Siddhi Halyur, Tonica Sharon C, Yesasvi Koganti

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 19 
Iran says shift unlikely in nuclear doctrine, pushes for a new Hormuz protocol; “This is America’s war,” says Iran’s Foreign Minister Araghchi
On 18 March, in an interview with Al Jazeera, Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi stated in an interview that Iran will maintain its position of being against the development of nuclear weapons. He also stated that the Gulf must draft new rules for passage through the Strait of Hormuz. He stated that the new protocol must allow free passage only when it is aligned with Iranian and regional interests. He also stated, “This is America’s war.”

Gulf countries look for alternative sea routes amid the Strait of Hormuz blockade
On 18 March, according to media reports, the Gulf countries are looking for alternate routes, as Iran continues to restrict shipping through the Strait of Hormuz. According to the International Energy Agency, Gulf countries have begun shipping via pipelines that bypass the strait to address the situation. The East-West pipeline to the Red Sea port of Yanbu has become Saudi Arabia’s pivot for increasing shipments. According to the IEA’s March Oil Market Report, flows have surged to a record daily export of 5.9 mb/d on March 9, and the pipeline is expected to reach its full capacity of 7 mb/d within a few days. The UAE is also raising exports through the Habshan-Fujairah pipeline, which connects onshore fields to the port of Fujairah on the Gulf of Oman. Between March 1 and 10, the pipeline averaged 1.8 mb/d, reaching the line’s reported maximum capacity of around 1 mb/d before the crisis. While Gulf nations struggle to find alternatives to Hormuz, Iran has continued to ship oil at a rate of 1.1 million to 1.5 million barrels per day.

Israel strikes Lebanon again, targeting central Beirut today
On 18 March, Reuters reported that Israeli warplanes struck central Beirut in the early hours of Wednesday. It was seen destroying apartment buildings in what officials described as some of the most intense bombardment of the Lebanese capital in decades. In the Bachoura district, Israel has flattened an entire building it claimed was used by Hezbollah, while strikes on two other central districts killed at least 10 people with no prior warning given to residents. Over 900 people have now been killed across Lebanon and 800,000 forced to flee their homes. 

Iranian Intelligence Minister Esmail Khatib killed, claims Israel
On 18 March, Al Jazeera reported that Israel’s Defence Minister, Israel Katz, claimed that Esmail Katib, Iran’s Intelligence Minister, was killed along with other senior ministry figures in an overnight strike by the Israeli Army in Tehran. According to Iran International, Esmail Katib has served in the Judiciary and was appointed as the Intelligence Minister in 2021. He is believed to be closely associated with Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei. This news is followed by Israel’s killing of top Iranian security official Ali Larijani and the head of the paramilitary Revolutionary Guard’s all-volunteer Basij force on 17 March. However, there has been no confirmation from Iranian authorities so far regarding Esmail Khatib’s death.

AROUND THE WORLD 
Ukraine: President Zelensky visits UK, meets PM Starmer
On 17 March, Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky held talks with the UK PM Keir Starmer, in London. In the meeting, the UK Prime Minister assured that he would not let the war in Iran distract attention from Ukraine. Ukrainian President thanked the UK for standing by his country through "difficult winters." Furthermore, while addressing the MPs of the House of Parliament, he said, "Europe is a global force – one the world cannot do without and that no one can stand against."

Pakistan and Afghanistan: Both differ over Pakistan’s airstrike on a rehabilitation centre in Kabul and the casualty
On 18 March, the Afghan Taliban government claimed that Pakistan clearly targeted the well-known rehabilitation centre, a former NATO military base named Camp Phoenix that had been converted into a civilian facility about a decade ago. Pakistan rejected the claims, saying that it precisely targeted a military installation and terrorist support infrastructure where secondary detonations indicated the presence of large ammunition depots. The Afghan Taliban government also claimed that more than 400 people were killed and 265 were wounded in the airstrike. The EU, UN agencies and international aid groups called for immediate de-escalation and warned that civilian infrastructure must not be targeted.

US military tracks 23 Chinese port projects in Latin America, reports SCMP
On 18 March, SCMP reported that US military is monitoring 23 Chinese port projects and 12 space-enabling facilities across Latin America and considers every one of them “a potential dual-use asset” that could support Chinese military operations. US Southern Command (SOUTHCOM), head General Francis Donovan informed a House Armed Services Committee hearing on US military posture in the western hemisphere. He also said China’s growing role in mining and processing critical minerals in Latin America poses a long-term risk to the US defence industrial base. The hearing came as the Trump administration has cited Chinese infrastructure penetration of the region as a primary security concern. (“US military tracks 23 Chinese port projects in Latin America, general tells Congress,” SCMP, 18 March 2026)

THE WORLD TODAY #281, 17 MARCH 2026, TUESDAY
Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, Rebecca Ann Oommen, Siddhi Halyur, Tonica Sharon C, Yesasvi Koganti

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 18 
Israel: Tel Aviv targets Iran’s security officials; Defence minister claims to have killed Ali Larijani, Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council
On 17 March, Israel's Minister of Defence, Israel Katz, announced that Israel had eliminated Ali Larijani, the Secretary of Iran's Supreme National Security Council (SNSC), along with Gholamerza Soleimani, commander of the Basij paramilitary force, in separate strikes. So far, Iran has not confirmed either of these claims.  Ali Larijani was appointed as the Secretary of the SNSC following US strikes on Iran in June 2025. He also played a key diplomatic role in Iran's foreign affairs. If Larijani's death is confirmed, then he would be the second senior-most leader killed by Israel, following the death of Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khamenei. The Iranian state media released a note handwritten by Ali Larijani, which commemorated the lives lost in the recent conflict. However, this note is expected to be written hours before the strike and doesn't confirm if he is alive. An Israeli official was also noted saying that "there was no chance he survived this attack."

Europe: EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas calls for a diplomatic solution; UK PM Starmer talks about a “viable plan”; Germany says “This is not our war”
On 17 March, Reuters reported on European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas asking the US and Israel to end the war with Iran, stressing that Europe will not deploy troops in a conflict it did not initiate. According to Reuters, “Kallas also said the door was not closed to European participation in efforts to restore freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz but it would be most likely to come as part of a diplomatic solution.”
Earlier, Keir Starmer said discussions on a “viable plan” are ongoing, while Emmanuel Macron proposed a maritime coalition only after the conflict’s peak subsides. Germany has outright distanced itself, stating: “This is not our war.” Meanwhile, China, Japan, and South Korea have called for de-escalation and are reviewing limited responses. There are no indications that any of these countries are willing to commit forces, underscoring a broad international reluctance to enter the conflict.

World Food Programme (WFP): The UN agency predicts that the US-Iran crisis escalation could push 45 million people into acute food insecurity
On 17 March, the United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) stated that global acute hunger could reach record levels in 2026 as a result of escalation in the Middle East. In a recent analysis, the WFP estimated that nearly 45 million additional people could fall into acute food insecurity if the conflict continues and oil prices remain above USD 100 per barrel. This would bring the total to 318 million already affected worldwide. Previous shocks, such as the 2022 war in Ukraine, pushed global hunger to 349 million; the WFP indicates that we could face a similar situation if the Middle East conflict continues. Disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz and Red Sea shipping are already raising fuel and fertilizer costs. Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia could face the greatest risks due to import dependence. According to WFP’s projections, there is a possibility of a 21 per cent increase in food-insecure people in West and Central Africa, 17 per cent in East and Southern Africa, and over 24 per cent in Asia. This comes in the backdrop of severe funding shortfalls for the WFP. The UN agency notes that an increase in food insecurity without a corresponding increase in resources could be catastrophic for some of the world’s most vulnerable and famine-prone countries.

AROUND THE WORLD TODAY 
Afghanistan: Taliban claims of Pakistan’s air strikes in Kabul killing more than 400
On 17 March, according to news reports, the Taliban claimed Pakistan’s air strike on Kabul killing more than 400 people, the majority of whom were civilians. Pakistan, however, rejects these claims, stating that the air strikes targeted military and “terrorist infrastructure” and insisting that no civilian sites were hit. The strike comes amid rising hostilities between the two countries, with Pakistan accusing Afghanistan of harbouring militants, particularly the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), which has carried out repeated attacks inside Pakistan. 

China and Vietnam held their 3+3 strategic dialogue
On 17 March, CGTN reported that China and Vietnam held their first ministerial meeting of the China-Vietnam "3+3" strategic dialogue. On diplomacy, defense and public security. Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, Minister of Public Security Wang Xiaohong and Minister of National Defense Dong Jun chaired the meeting. Wang Yi said: “the "3+3" strategic dialogue on diplomacy, defense and public security between the two countries at the ministerial level represents the first strategic communication platform of its kind globally, established by both sides as a vital initiative to safeguard political system security and deepen strategic coordination.” The Vietnamese side said: “Vietnam is willing to work hand in hand with China to prepare for high-level exchanges, promote cooperation in various fields, and strengthen multilateral coordination to jointly elevate the Vietnam-China comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership to a higher level.” (“Ministerial meeting of China-Vietnam '3+3' strategic dialogue held in Vietnam,” CGTN, 17 March 2026)

Shenzhou-21 crew completes second series of EVAs
On 16 March, the Shenzhou-21 crew aboard China's orbiting space station completed their mission's second series of extravehicular activities (EVAs). The astronaut trio, Zhang Lu, Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang worked for roughly seven hours and completed their tasks. China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) informed that “Zhang Lu and Wu Fei, who have conducted spacewalk operations, returned to the Wentian lab module safely.” CMSA also said: “three astronauts have been working in orbit for more than four months. According to the mission plan, additional EVAs will be carried out by the crew during the Shenzhou-21 mission, with relevant scientific experiments and technical tests continuing as scheduled.” (“Shenzhou-21 astronauts complete second series of extravehicular activities,” Xinhua, 16 March 2026)

The War in Ukraine: Russian official warns Kyiv's drone advancements put all regions at risk, TASS reports
On 17 March, TASS reported on a warning from a senior Russian security official that the rapid growth of Ukraine’s drone capabilities means no region in Russia is beyond reach. The Secretary of Russia’s Security Council, Sergei Shoigu, stated in Yekaterinburg that Ukrainian sabotage attacks rose 40 per cent in 2025 to 1,830 incidents. Further adding that the pace and sophistication of the development of unmanned systems meant no part of Russia could feel safe, according to TASS. Shoigu also stated that 56 countries’ intelligence networks were aiding “sabotage and terrorist” attacks. Additionally, Moscow’s mayor said air defences repelled the largest drone attack on the capital in at least a year, downing 250 Ukrainian drones over the weekend. With 421 drones being destroyed in 24 hours, according to the defense minister.

THE WORLD TODAY #279, 14 MARCH 2026, SATURDAY
Glynnis Winona Beschi, Manik Dhawan, Rakshitha B, Rebecca Ann Oommen, Siddhi Halyur, Tonica Sharon C, Yesasvi Koganti

China and the US: Treasury Secretary Bessent suggests Iran war could postpone Trump- Xi meeting
On 16 March, US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated that the planned summit between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping could be delayed as Trump may need to remain in Washington due to the ongoing war with Iran, rather than trade disagreements. Bessent and China's Vice Premier He Lifeng had led two days of discussions in Paris to prepare for the meeting between the two leaders, which is expected to take place from 31 March to 02 April. Speaking to CNBC, Bessent described the discussions as “very good” and said they reflected a stable relationship between the two economies. China and the US concluded their sixth round of trade talks in Paris, where discussions covered the possible expansion of tariffs and non-tariff measures, as well as bilateral investment cooperation. China's Vice Commerce Minister Li Chenggang described the discussions as “deep, frank and constructive” and said both sides had reached a preliminary consensus on some issues while agreeing to continue dialogue. He also stated that China had observed the US introducing “quite a few” restrictive measures on economic matters. Beijing also expressed opposition to the Section 301 investigations announced by the Office of the US Trade Representative and stated that it would take measures to safeguard its economic interests.

The War in Gaza: Hamas in talks with Trump's Board of Peace as Iran war complicates Gaza ceasefire
On 16 March, Reuters reported that Envoys from President Trump’s “Board of Peace” held talks with representatives of Hamas in Cairo, concerning the Gaza ceasefire, which has been strained since the US-Iran war. The meeting is the first publicly reported discussion between Hamas and the board since the regional conflict escalated. Following the discussions, Israel announced its plans to reopen the Rafah Crossing, the sole pedestrian crossing between Gaza and Egypt, which had been closed since the commencement of the Iran bombing. Sources suggest that the decision could have been influenced by the discussions in Cairo. According to various sources, Aryeh Lightstone was expected to represent Donald Trump’s board in Cairo talks with Hamas. However, no official confirmation regarding Lightstone's presence is revealed, with both Hamas and Israel declining to comment. Further meetings are expected this week. Additionally, Hamas issued a statement that it could withdraw from the Gaza ceasefire agreement if Israel doesn’t abide by the newly imposed war restrictions. Despite ceasefire efforts, Israeli strikes on Gaza have continued during the broader regional conflict, including attacks that reportedly killed 12 people. Hamas believes Israel is using the war with Iran to avoid obligations under Trump’s Gaza plan.

The War in Ukraine: Major drone strike attempt disrupts Moscow
On 16 March, Russia stated that it had shot down 250 Ukrainian drones heading towards Moscow over the weekend, in what officials described as the biggest attempted attack on the Russian capital in at least a year. Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin also confirmed this claim on Telegram. The attack disrupted air traffic in the Russian capital, with Moscow’s main airports imposing flight restrictions during the weekend, according to Russia’s aviation watchdog. The restrictions were later lifted. No casualties were reported, and Sobyanin thanked the Russian armed forces for their work. Loud bangs were heard across Moscow and the wider Moscow region during the weekend attack. This incident highlighted the growing use of relatively cheap drones in the war, capable of striking targets far from the battlefield at a fraction of the cost of a fighter jet. There was no immediate comment from Ukraine.

Myanmar: Naypyidaw's parliament convenes for the first time since 2021's military coup
On 16 March, Reuters reported that Myanmar's parliament had met for the first time since the 2021 coup. This marks a nominal democratic shift where the army has retained dominance after the army-backed Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP) won 81 per cent of seats in phased elections with low turnout and no opposition. Retired Brigadier General Khin Yi, USDP chairman, was elected lower house speaker. Analysts see this election as the key to advancing the military agenda in Myanmar's bicameral legislature. Junta chief Min Aung Hlaing is poised for the presidency, with a new Union Consultative Council "superbody" ensuring his control over military and civilian affairs amid civil war, displacing millions. Western nations have branded the vote a sham to legitimise five years of pariah status post-coup against Aung San Suu Kyi.  Analysts like Htin Kyaw Aye call parliament a military whim, shifting power "from left hand to right." The Junta has predicted a government formation in April, along with sanctions relief and an investment surge.

​​TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 17
Israel: Tel Aviv plans three more weeks of strikes against Iran; IDF spokesperson says "thousands of targets ahead"
On 15 March, the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) stated that it had planned detailed operations against Iran for at least the next three weeks. The Israeli military has declared that thousands of targets still exist in Iran which it has yet to hit. Israeli Army Spokesperson Brigadier General Effie Derrin declared that the IDF is ready, in coordination with the United States military, to carry out operations against Iran “ through at least the Jewish holiday of Passover, about three weeks from now." He also stated that Israel has deeper plans for "the three weeks beyond that." The IDF aims to strike Tehran's command nodes, security infrastructure, ballistic missile systems and nuclear reactors. He emphasised that the IDF is working according to its objectives and "not working according to a stopwatch or timetable." These objectives, he noted, were to severely weaken the Iranian regime and its military capacity to strike Israel.

UK: PM Starmer says "UK won't be drawn into a wider war"
On March 16, the UK PM Keir Starmer announced that he has no intention of drawing the UK into the regional war. His statement follows President Trump's demand to deploy the Navy in order to reopen the Strait of Hormuz. Starmer declared that his primary objective is to secure the safety of the British people in West Asia. For him, the UK has three key priorities: protection of British citizens in West Asia; safety of the UK and its allies; and to work towards a swift resolution.

India-Iran talks aim to ease shipping through the Strait of Hormuz
On 16 March, Reuters reported that India has expressed guarded optimism that ongoing strategic outreach with Iran could help restore smoother passage for Indian vessels through the strategically vital Strait of Hormuz, a critical chokepoint for global energy shipments. Indian officials believe recent talks have already shown early signs of easing disruptions to shipping routes essential to the country’s energy security. As part of these negotiations, Tehran has reportedly asked New Delhi to release three tankers - Asphalt Star, Al Jafzia, and Stellar Ruby, that were detained by India in February on allegations of identity concealment and illegal ship-to-ship transfers near Indian waters. The vessels are currently anchored off Mumbai. During the discussions, Iran has also requested supplies of medicines and medical equipment, while its ambassador recently met officials from India’s foreign ministry to advance the talks. Despite India’s official stance that there is no formal exchange arrangement, diplomatic engagement appears to be yielding gradual results. Iran has already allowed two Indian LPG tankers to transit the Strait, offering some relief as at least 22 Indian-flagged vessels and over 600 Indian seafarers remain in the Gulf region awaiting safe passage.

Dubai: Drone attack sparks fire near the International Airport
On 16 March, a major fire erupted at the Dubai International Airport, as drone strikes hit a fuel tank near the facility amid the US-Israel and Iran conflict, further disrupting the region. Flight operations were temporarily suspended at one of the busiest airports in the world, with Air India cancelling all of its flights to Dubai for the day. Dubai authorities later confirmed that civil defence teams were immediately deployed to curtail the damage and successfully contained the fire after two hours. According to official reports, no injuries have been reported so far. More than five hours after the drone attack was reported, officials announced that flight operations at the airport were gradually resuming for select destinations. The UAE authorities also announced that their systems were intercepting missiles and drones launched from Iran, as defense alarms were rung in several parts of the city after the attack.

Israel launches targeted ground operations against Hezbollah in parts of southern Lebanon 
On 16 March, Israel expanded its military operations in southern Lebanon, deploying additional forces as part of a widening ground offensive against Hezbollah. The Israel Defence Forces (IDF) said troops from its 91st Division have begun “limited and targeted” ground operations aimed at dismantling Hezbollah infrastructure and strengthening Israel’s forward defence along the border. According to Israeli military spokesperson Nadav Shoshani, the operations focus on specific militant positions and are intended to prevent attacks on northern Israeli communities, though officials declined to specify how far the troops would advance. The escalation follows a barrage of rockets fired by Hezbollah on March 2, which the group said was in retaliation for the killing of Iran’s Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei. Since a ceasefire was reached in November 2024, Israel has maintained several military positions in southern Lebanon, but recent hostilities have intensified cross-border clashes. Israeli air raids have also targeted multiple towns in the region, including Khiam, a strategic Hezbollah stronghold near the border. The broader regional conflict, linked to ongoing Israeli and US military actions against Iran, has drawn much of the Middle East into the crisis, raising fears of further escalation and deepening humanitarian consequences across the region.

Africa: The US-Iran war disrupts supply chains, raising food and energy concerns 
On 16 March, countries in Africa are heavily dependent on fertilisers imported from the Gulf through the Strait of Hormuz, making them vulnerable to supply chain disruptions caused by the Iran conflict. Almost fifty-four per cent of Sudan’s, thirty per cent of Somalia’s and twenty-six per cent of Kenya’s fertilisers arrive through this route from the Middle East. The Gulf states produce urea and other phosphate fertilisers because of abundant, cheap natural gas. The prices of oil, gas and fertilisers have soared since the start of the war, affecting vulnerable people employed in the informal sector, especially in Africa. African exports of food products to the Middle East have been affected, while the rise in crude oil prices has benefited countries like Nigeria, Algeria, and Angola. African economies are also vulnerable due to their greater dependence on foreign markets, high debt levels, budgetary pressures, volatile commodity exports, and weak infrastructure. Countries like Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia are bracing for the potential shock by taking necessary steps such as strengthening strategic fuel reserves and introducing a special fuel subsidy.

THE WORLD TODAY #279, 14 MARCH 2026, SATURDAY
Adwitiyo Das, Aparna A Nair, Siddhi Halyur

US-IRAN WAR, DAY 14 
US strikes Iran’s Kharg Island; Tehran warns of retaliation; Trump wants UK, France, Japan and other countries to send forces to keep the Strait open, safe and free
On 14 March, President Trump warned that the US would continue strikes on Kharg Island if Iran maintained disruptions to shipping lanes in the Strait of Hormuz. Kharg Island, located in the northern Gulf, is Iran’s main oil export terminal and handles nearly 90 per cent of the country’s crude shipments. As the backbone of Iran’s energy exports, attacks on the island could severely disrupt Iran’s oil revenues and global energy markets. Trump has claimed US forces had already “totally obliterated” several military targets on the island. The Pentagon has also signalled an intensified campaign, with Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth indicating the deployment of record numbers of fighters, bombers and strike missions. In response, Iran has warned to retaliate against continued strikes and defend its energy infrastructure. Iranian officials warned that any continued attacks on Kharg Island would trigger retaliatory strikes against US interests and energy infrastructure in the region.

On 24 March, the BBC referred to posts from President Trump asking China, UK, France and Japan to send forces to keep the Strait of Hormuz free. The report quoted Trump saying, “One way or the other, we will soon get the Hormuz Strait OPEN, SAFE, and FREE!.”

Hamas asks Tehran not to target neighbouring countries
On 14 March, Reuters reported Hamas asking Iran not to target its neighbouring countries. According to the statement, Hamas said: "While the group affirms Iran's right to respond to this aggression by all available ​means in accordance with international norms and laws, it calls ​upon our brothers in Iran not to target neighbouring countries.” While Hezbollah, based in Lebanon, has targeted Israel following the US-Iran War, Hamas and the Houthis have not attacked Israel or other Western targets. According to Reuters, Hamas has also asked the international organizations to stop the war.

Japan and South Korea: Finance ministers express concern regarding the depreciation of the currencies
On 14 March, Japan's Finance Minister Satsuki Katayama and South Korea's Finance Minister Koo Yun-cheol stated concern over the recent sharp depreciation of the Korean Won and the Japanese Yen. Owing to the US-Iran war, currencies reliant on oil imports, the yen and the won, are facing repercussions. A statement released at an annual meeting between the two countries in Tokyo said, "They will closely monitor foreign exchange markets and continue to take appropriate actions against excessive volatility and disorderly movements in exchange rates."

North Korea: Pyongyang fires more than ten ballistic missiles during US-South Korea drills
On 14 March, South Korea’s military stated that North Korea had launched more than 10 ballistic missiles during the US and South Korea annual drill. According to South Korea’s Joint Chiefs of Staff, the missiles were launched from near Pyongyang. Hundreds of US and South Korean troops took part in river-crossing drills, including tanks and armored vehicles, as commanded by the combined forces’ commander. The United States has 28,500 troops and fighter jets stationed in South Korea. North Korea has always expressed opposition to the joint drills, referring to them as “dress rehearsals for aggression.” The drills followed a meeting between South Korean Prime Minister Kim Min-seok and US President Donald Trump in Washington, where they discussed the resumption of dialogue with North Korea. 

THE WORLD TODAY #286, 23 MARCH 2026, MONDAY
Adwitiyo Das, Aparna A Nair, Siddhi Halyur

TWT SPECIAL COVERAGE: US-IRAN WAR, DAY 24

The US: Trump talks of "productive conversations" with Iran and extends the US deadline to strike Iran's power plants; Iran denies it, and threatens to retaliate, targeting Israel’s power plants and communications technology infrastructure
On 23 March, US President Donald Trump announced on Truth Social that the US and Iran have had "very good and productive conversations regarding a complete and total resolution" of their hostilities. As a result, he wrote that he had instructed the US Department of War to postpone all planned military strikes on Iran's energy infrastructure and power plants for five days. On Saturday,  Trump had threatened that all of Iran’s power plants would be destroyed if Tehran failed to fully open the Strait of Hormuz within 48 hours.

Iran's top military command responded directly to these threats and warned that Tehran would retaliate and target Israel's “power plants, energy and information and communications technology infrastructure” along with all other power plants in the Middle East countries that host US bases. The Iranian operational command further added that if the US carries out any attacks against Iran's power infrastructure, then the Strait of Hormuz would be completely closed until Iran rebuilds the destroyed facilities. Iran's Fars News Agency, which is deeply affiliated with Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), denied that any direct or indirect talks had taken place between the US and Iran. The news agency also added that President Trump had decided to back down from his initial threats after the IRGC promised to retaliate against all power stations in the Middle East.

Energy Crisis: The Chief of the International Energy Agency (IEA) says keeping the Hormuz Strait open as the "single most important solution" to address the global energy crisis
On 23 March, International Energy Agency Chief Fatih Birol, speaking at Australia's National Press Club, warned that the global economy faces severe threats from the ongoing Iran war and that no country is immune if the conflict persists. He drew comparisons with past crises - the oil shocks of 1973 and 1979, which had caused a loss of roughly 10 million barrels per day. The current crisis has already exceeded that, with losses of approximately 11 million barrels per day. Similarly, while Russia's invasion of Ukraine disrupted around 75 BCM of European gas supply, the present crisis has pushed total losses to nearly 140 BCM, almost double. Around 40 energy assets across nine countries have been severely damaged. The IEA has released a record 400 million barrels from strategic reserves to stabilise markets, and is consulting governments across Europe, Asia, North America, and the Middle East on potential further releases. He was unequivocal that keeping the Strait of Hormuz open remains the single most critical solution to the crisis.

Lebanon: Israel to expand attacks against Hezbollah
On 23 March, the BBC reported that the Israeli military had approved plans to expand ground and air operations against Hezbollah in Lebanon, raising fears of a large-scale invasion. Chief of General Staff Lt Gen Eyal Zamir authorised "targeted ground operations and strikes" in what officials described as a "prolonged operation."Defence Minister Israel Katz ordered forces to destroy bridges over the Litani River, approximately 30km from the Israeli border. These bridges are mainly used by Hezbollah to move reinforcements and to demolish homes in Lebanese border villages, mirroring tactics used in Gaza.

More than 1,000 people have been killed in Lebanon since the escalation began, including 118 children and 40 health workers, with over a million displaced. Lebanese President Joseph Aoun condemned the strikes as a "prelude to a ground invasion" amounting to "collective punishment against civilians."The current escalation follows Hezbollah rocket attacks on Israel in retaliation for the killing of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and ongoing Israeli strikes despite a ceasefire agreed in November 2024.

AROUND THE WORLD
China: More than 300 humanoids to run a half-marathon in Beijing
On 23 March, China Daily reports that over 300 humanoid robots will compete alongside humans in the 2026 Beijing E-Town Half Marathon and Humanoid Robot Half Marathon on 19 April. This year’s event marks a significant expansion in scale and technical ambition, as 76 institutions nationwide, 80 corporate teams, 20 teams from universities and training camps, 26 robot brands and more than 300 humanoid robots are expected to participate. The race is expected to offer a testing ground for China’s rapidly developing humanoid robotics sector, as almost 38 per cent of teams will deploy robots capable of autonomous navigation, signalling advances in real-world mobility and control.

North Korea: Kim Jong Un reappointed as President of State Affairs, reports State media
On 23 March, Reuters quoted North Korea’s state media, KCNA, and reported that Kim Jong Un had been reappointed as the President of state affairs. The decision, according to the report, was taken by the Supreme People's Assembly that convened earlier. According to the Reuters report, “the assembly, North Korea's rubber-stamp legislature that formally approves state policy, typically meets following a ruling Workers' Party Congress to turn party decisions into law.” The report also mentioned Kim Yo Jong’s (Kim Jong Un’s sister) name being absent from the State Affairs Commission list.

South China Sea: Vietnam protests against China's construction activities in the Paracel Islands
On 22 March, the South China Morning Post reported that Vietnam had lodged a strong protest against China’s ongoing construction activities in the disputed Paracel Islands. These activities are particularly concentrated at Antelope Reef. “Vietnam resolutely opposes such activities, makes representations and affirms its position on this matter,” Vietnamese foreign ministry spokeswoman Pham Thu Hang said on Saturday. The Foreign Ministry of Vietnam has also stated that these actions “seriously violate” its territorial claims and harm regional stability. Although China has controlled the Paracel Islands since 1974, Vietnam continues to assert its claim, making the area a persistent source of friction between the two countries. China, on the other hand, has defended its actions, maintaining that the construction is taking place within its own territory and falls under its rights.

Vietnam: Communist Party dominates parliamentary elections
On 22 March, Vietnam’s Communist Party secured nearly 97 per cent of the seats in the country’s 500- member National Assembly. According to official results, the party won 482 seats, reaffirming its political dominance. Voter turnout exceeded 99 per cent in the elections, consistent with the polls. While the National Assembly is formally responsible for legislation, it has limited power to challenge decisions made by the Communist Party, though it has at times amended proposed laws. The newly elected parliament is expected to convene on 6 April to confirm key leadership positions, including the president and prime minister. To Lam, who was confirmed as general secretary earlier this year, is widely expected to assume the presidency as well, potentially consolidating top leadership roles. The outcome reflects the stability of Vietnam’s political structure, even as it navigates broader regional and global challenges.

France: In the local elections, Socialists win the big cities, including Paris and Marseille
On 23 March, in the local elections, the far-right National Rally (RN) failed to win control of the big four cities- Paris, Marseille, Lyon and Lille. The Socialists won in the nationwide municipal elections. The nationalist Eurosceptic party lost in Marseille and Toulon, whereas its ally, the conservative UDR party, won in Nice. The municipal votes were seen as a test of both the depth of the far right’s support base a year ahead of presidential elections, and the resilience of mainstream parties in a fragmented political landscape. The hard-left France Unbowed (LFI) won in Saint-Denis as well as Roubaix. Ecologist Gregory Doucet, an ally of LFI, won in Lyon. The Renaissance party won in Bordeaux. Former Prime Minister Edouard Philippe, a centre-right politician, was re-elected mayor in his port city of Le Havre, in a boost to his hopes of running for president in 2027.