NIAS Area Studies


PAKISTAN READER

Photo Source: Reuters
   NIAS Course on Global Politics
National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS)
Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore
For any further information or to subscribe to GP alerts send an email to subachandran@nias.res.in

CWA # 1973, 22 February 2026
The Global AI Impact Summit in New Delhi:

  Yesasvi Koganti

From 16-20 February, the India AI Impact Summit 2026 was held in New Delhi. The AI Summit 2026 hosted representatives from more than 110 countries, including about 20 heads of state and government, over 45 ministers, senior UN officials, technology CEOs, and civil society representatives. AI Summit 2026 was conceptualized around the theme of inclusive and responsible AI and is seen as the first significant AI governance meeting to be held in the Global South.
The following are the six major takeaways from the summit.

1. The emergence of multipolar AI governance in the Global South
The summit marked the first major AI gathering in the Global South. It included representatives from over 110 countries, 20 heads of state, and 45 ministers. The participation of leaders beyond the US and China indicated a shift towards multiple powers sharing control of AI. The multilateral Leaders’ Declaration supported development-focused, inclusive AI governance. The UN officials described the AI Summit as a critical point in inclusive norm-making. The summit marked a historic turn towards multipolar, inclusive AI governance, allowing the Global South to help shape global AI norms.

2. Recognition of the AI Divide, with partial structural responses
The summit recognized that AI adoption in the Global North is roughly twice that of the Global South. To fill this gap, several fixes were proposed, including subsidized compute access for less than USD 1 per hour, the distribution of 38,000 GPUs, and the commitment to conduct multilingual AI evaluations as part of the New Delhi Frontier Commitments. Tech companies also committed to share data in anonymized form. However, there were no binding global rules to fill this gap or to finance it. High energy costs and poor infrastructure continue to make it impossible for most least-developed countries to have actual access to AI, and thus the AI gap is only partially closed.

3. Global investment reorients toward development-oriented AI expansion
The summit represents a change in the way that big tech thinks about the deployment of AI in the developing world. The Leaders’ Declaration emphasized equitable access, child safety, and responsible innovation, explicitly recognizing uneven diffusion between North and South. Over USD 68 billion in additional commitments and emerging “silicon security alliances” reflected alignment with sovereignty-sensitive governance frameworks. AI is increasingly framed not only as a competitive technology, but as a development platform, though implementation remains voluntary and market-driven.

4. India rolls out a sovereign AI stack to anchor technological self-reliance
India took the opportunity to announce its comprehensive sovereign AI strategy through the IndiaAI Mission. The plan is based on an “AI stack” that includes computing power, semiconductors, data centers, talent and policy frameworks, and the promotion of renewable energy sources as a means to reduce reliance on other countries. The plan to enhance the country's capabilities includes aggressive initiatives such as the widespread use of GPUs, access to compute power, and the incorporation of renewable energy sources. Ethical AI is also incorporated through the M.A.N.A.V. (Moral, Accountable, National, Accessible, Valid) framework, which emphasizes accountability, accessibility, and legitimacy.

5. AI moves to the centre of India’s national infrastructure strategy
AI is now treated as strategic infrastructure comparable to energy and transport. Reliance Industries pledged INR 10 lakh crore for seven years in AI and data capacity. Tata Consultancy Services developed AI-optimized data centers, attracting OpenAI as a 100-MW client. The government offered tax benefits, clean and nuclear energy policies, and favourable data center policies. Global companies increased investments, such as Google’s USD 15 billion Vizag AI center. By treating AI similar to transport, energy, and telecom, India placed AI at the forefront of economic development and state capacity.

6. Structural risks persist beneath rapid AI expansion
However, despite the momentum, the summit also exposed some structural risks. The ability to compute and to make chips is still dominated by foreign players. Analysts warn of job displacement in the IT and BPO sectors due to agentic AI systems. Concerns over “data-for-compute” dependency persist, where access to advanced infrastructure may require strategic concessions. While the AI ambition is bold and forward-looking, rapid expansion also creates new risks.

Yesasvi Koganti is an undergraduate student from the Department of Political Science, Madras Christian College, Chennai

Print Bookmark

The World This Quarter 
April 2026 | CWA # 2065

Lakshmi Venugopal Menon | Dr Lakshmi Venugopal Menon is an academic and policy researcher specializing in Gulf studies, cultural heritage trafficking, geopolitics, migration, Afghan politics and the Taliban.

The Middle East (Jan–Mar 2026):
February 2026 | CWA # 1959

Yesasvi Koganti | Yesasvi Koganti is an undergraduate student from Madras Christian College, Chennai.

UK and China
February 2026 | CWA # 1957

R Preetha | R Preetha is pursuing post-graduation in the Department of International Studies, Stella Maris College, Chennai, and is a Research Assistant at the National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru.

The India–US interim trade framework
February 2026 | CWA # 1956

Lekshmi MK | Lekshmi MK is pursuing post-graduation in the Department of Political Science, Madras Christian College, Chennai, and is a Research Assistant at the National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru.

End of the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START)
TWTW note
August 2025 | CWA # 1780

Abhiruchi Chowdhury

Trump tariffs:
TWTW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1694

Aashish Ganeshan

The US:
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1688

Ayan Datta

Gaza
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1675

Lekshmi MK

Turkey:
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1673

Padmashree Anandhan

Ukraine:
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1667

R Preetha and Brighty Ann Sarah

East Asia:
Science, Technology and International Relations
September 2019 | CWA # 162

Lakshman Chakravarthy N

5G: A Primer
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 71

Mahesh Bhatta | Centre for South Asian Studies, Kathmandu

Nepal
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 70

Nasima Khatoon | Research Associate, ISSSP, NIAS

The Maldives
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 69

Harini Madhusudan | Research Associate, ISSSP, NIAS

India
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 68

Sourina Bej | Research Associate, ISSSP, NIAS

Bangladesh
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 67

Seetha Lakshmi Dinesh Iyer | Research Associate, ISSSP, NIAS

Afghanistan