The World This Week

CWA # 1713
The World This Week
The World This Week #315
The UN Ocean Conference in France and the US-China Meeting in London

The World This Week #315 Vol 7, No 24, 15 June 2025

GP Team
15 June 2025
Photo Source: Laurent Cipriani/REUTERS

The UN Ocean Conference in France:
Repositioning the oceans from margins to global priority
Lekshmi MK

What happened?
On 09 June, the third United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC 3) commenced in Nice, France, which was co-hosted with Costa Rica. Over 19 countries joined the High Seas Treaty during the event. Over 30 nations formally supported a moratorium on deep-sea mining.  French President Emmanuel Macron called deep-sea mining “madness” and pushed for a global moratorium. UN Secretary-General António Guterres urged a shift from "plunder to protection” while Prince William stressed the need to act now. The conference ended with the Nice Ocean Action Plan, which focuses on stronger marine protection, more funding, and faster ratification of global ocean agreements.

What is the background?
First, a brief note on ocean conferences and High Seas Treaty. The first UN Ocean Conference (2017, New York) focused on advancing SDG 14 and marine pollution control, while the second (2022, Lisbon) emphasized sustainable ocean economies and plastic pollution. However, both lacked binding commitments. 

The High Seas Treaty, adopted in 2023 under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, addresses marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (BBNJ). It introduces provisions for marine protected areas, environmental impact assessments, and fair access to marine resources. The treaty represents a step toward formalizing governance mechanisms for ocean spaces beyond national control.

Second, the soaring focus on deep sea-mining. Deep-sea mining has come under increased global scrutiny due to concerns over irreversible ecological impacts and the absence of comprehensive regulation. With increasing demand for rare earth minerals, the interest of mining firms has also grown. However, many countries and environmental groups stress the need for caution. This reflected mounting international debate over balancing resource extraction with long-term ocean conservation and legal safeguards.

Third, France’s role in ocean governance. France holds a key position in ocean governance, with overseas territories across all major oceans and the world’s second-largest Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). It has been active in promoting marine biodiversity protection, sustainable ocean use, and global climate commitments. France supports the High Seas Treaty and has called for a moratorium on deep-sea mining. 

What does it mean?
First, the implications of the conference on deep-sea mining and ocean governance. Deep-sea mining raises serious risks for ocean ecosystems, yet interest is growing due to demand for rare minerals. There is a chance now to rethink ocean governance by focusing on global cooperation, stronger science-based rules, and long-term environmental monitoring. Indigenous knowledge and ocean data sharing is expected toplay a bigger role. Nevertheless, current laws are unclear, and the International Seabed Authority lacks strict rules. Many countries still prioritize profit over protection. If these gaps aren’t addressed, deep-sea mining could go ahead without proper safeguards, causing damage we may not be able to reverse.

Second, France’s maritime ambitions and climate leadership.  France is actively using ocean governance as a tool of foreign diplomacy to expand its global influence. It positions itself as a natural leader on marine issues. Hosting UNOC 3, leading support for the High Seas Treaty, and calling for a deep-sea mining moratorium are part of its effort to gain soft power in global environmental negotiations. By championing ocean protection, France strengthens its ties with coastal and island nations, enhances its climate credentials, and builds moral leadership that supports its broader geopolitical and diplomatic interests on the international stage.

Third, US’s reluctance in joining multilateral treaties on oceans. The US not joining major ocean treaties like UNCLOS and the High Seas Treaty creates a big gap in global ocean efforts. As a powerful country with strong science and navy, its full support is important. When the US stays out, it becomes harder for the world to act together. Many countries still look to the US for leadership. US should be more active, not just show up at meetings, but also sign and follow global rules. This would build trust and make ocean protection efforts stronger worldwide.

The US-China:
On Tariffs, Rare Earths and Visas
Femy Francis 

What happened? 
On 09 June, high-level delegations from the US and China met in London and established a framework to resolve trade tensions. The US delegation was headed by Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and US Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick. While China’s delegation consisted of Vice Premier He Lifeng, and Commerce Minister Wang Wentao. After the two-day talks, both countries agreed on a framework to resolve trade tensions, lifting mineral export controls, and to follow through with the Geneva truce on de-escalating tariff tensions. Trump noted that they will work to “open up China to American trade,” as he claimed that a consensus was reached to impose 55 per cent tariffs on China for 10 per cent. China’s Ministry of Commerce informed that they have also approved export licenses for rare earths to the US after the meeting. He Lifeng said: “China approaches these consultations with both sincerity and principle.” The details of the framework are not made public as they await approval by President Donald Trump and Xi Jinping.

What is the background? 
First, the road to the London meeting. In March, the Trump administration imposed 20 per cent tariffs on all Chinese imports. An additional 34 per cent under US “reciprocal tariffs” was imposed; China curbed the exports of rare earths to the US while imposing a 10 per cent tariff. In April, Trump imposed fresh 50 per cent tariffs, bringing the total to 104 per cent in total. China retaliated with 84 per cent tariffs, to which the US responded with 145 per cent tariffs. China imposed its final tariff of 125 per cent, urging the US to stop its “unilateral bullying.” A 90-day halt was announced by the Trump administration, after which they agreed to meet in Geneva. In a joint statement US agreed to modify the ad valorem duty for Chinese products, bringing the suggested tariffs imposed by the US to 30 per cent, and China agreed to reduce its tariffs to 10 per cent. They also agreed to establish trade and economic consultations. The Geneva truce talks did not bring any concrete de-escalation between China and the US. 

Second, China-US trade relations. Trade between China and the US has increased steadily from USD 2.5 billion in 1979 to USD 688.3 billion in 2024. The US deficit to China is the largest compared to its other trading partners, coming to USD 295 billion in 2024. Since 2018, the US has been working to reduce this gap.. For China, the US is its largest trading partner, while China comes third for the US. Major Chinese exports to the US include transmission equipment, computers, machine parts, batteries, and motor vehicle parts. US exports to China consist of soya beans, vaccines, crude oil, and petroleum. 

Third, China’s monopoly of rare earth and the US. China mines 70 per cent of the world’s rare earths and is responsible for 90 per cent of the processing. They are fundamental to producing EVs, electronics, and critical tech production. In April, China announced its rare earth export control measures, aimed at safeguarding national security. Since then, firms are required to submit applications to buy rare earth from China, which, after review, the licensed exporters are allowed by the government to sell. This directly affected the production of several American and European firms, where many had to halt production due to a lack of materials. 

Fourth, Trump’s crackdown on Chinese students. Trump administration announced that it will “aggressively” revoke Chinese students' visa applications, citing a national security threat. China accounts for the second-largest number of international students in the US. The peak was in 2020, when 372,532 students were enrolled, but the number has since declined to 277,000 as of 2024. Most of them are self-financed, and are hefty contributor to universities in the US for their higher education, enrolled mostly in STEM fields. 

What does it mean? 
First, the willingness to negotiate. The meeting opened an avenue for negotiation that was previously sealed shut, due to escalatory retaliation by both countries. The meeting is the second step towards policy-based de-escalation after the Geneva meeting. 

Second, the implications of China’s chokehold on rare earths. China’s capacity for mining, refining, and sale of rare earth has proved advantageous for China. For China, its monopoly has awarded it leverage due to the critical nature of the resources. For the US, dependence on China for rare earths marked its limitation. This dominance can be extrapolated to other countries, as China holds the monopoly over the sale of rare earths. 

TWTW Regional Roundups

News from around the world
Padmashree Anandhan, Fleur Elizabeth Philip, Naomi Miriam Mathew, Rohini Reenum, Femy Francis, Anu Maria Joseph, R Preetha, Brighty Ann Sarah, Ananya Dinesh, Gauri Gupta, Yamini Jagadish, Merin Treesa Alex, Lekshmi M.K, Kejia Reddy, Santhiya. M, and Rizwana S Banu

CHINA THIS WEEK
China: Exports of rare earth minerals surges by 23 per cent in May
On 09 June, Reuters reported that in May 2025, China’s rare-earth exports jumped 23 per cent. This, compared to April, reached 5,864.6 tons, the highest monthly volume in a year, even after Beijing introduced curbs on certain minerals the previous month. These restrictions in April led to a 50 percent drop in rare-earth magnet shipments and caused disruptions in European auto parts factories, with some halting production and semiconductor firms warning of potential closures. Overall, exports of the 17 key rare-earth minerals totaled around 24,827 tons in the first five months of 2025, slightly higher than the same period in 2024. The spike highlights China’s dominant global position in rare-earth supply and adds tension to international trade dynamics.

China: President Xi and Junta chief exchange pleasantries on the 75th anniversary of diplomatic cooperation
On 08 May, China’s President Xi Jinping and Myanmar's Junta chief Min Aung Hlaing congratulated each other on 75th anniversary of diplomatic ties between the two countries. Xi commented that China and Myanmar's “Paukphaw” (fraternal friendship) withstood the test of time and has grown even stronger. He added that they jointly uphold the five principles of peaceful coexistence and the Bandung Spirit. He expressed his willingness to work with Myanmar to accelerate high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, jointly implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilisation Initiative, and push for solid progress in building the China-Myanmar community with a shared future. Min Aung Hlaing recalled the Chona’s humanitarian assistance to Myanmar and expressed gratitude to China for its firm support of Myanmar's efforts towards peace, stability, national reconciliation, and economic development.

China: Implements trial visa-free entry for GCC passport holders
On 09 June, China introduced a trial visa-free access for ordinary passport holders from Saudi Arabia, Oman, Kuwait, and Bahrain for a period of up to 30 days for business, tourism, family visits, exchanges, or transit from 09 June 2025 to 08 June 2026. This invitation is an addition to the unilateral visa-free "circle of friends" of China and completes access to visa-free status for all GCC countries. The UAE and Qatar have had reciprocal visa-free policies with China since 2018. China’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson, Mao Ning, remarked on the new policy, stating, “We welcome more friends from GCC countries to visit China at any time.”

China: Vatican appoints China’s first bishop
On 12 June, SCMP reported that China expressed its willingness to enhance relations with the Vatican after the appointment of China’s first bishop under the new pope. On 05 June, the Vatican informed that Pope Leo named Joseph Lin Yuntuan, 73, as an auxiliary bishop in Fuzhou, Fujian. Beijing recognized the appointment on the same day. According to Vatican News, the Vatican views it as “a further fruit of the dialogue between the Holy See and the Chinese authorities” and “a significant step in the diocese’s communal journey”. According to the Catholic Church in China, Lin pledged to “love the country and the church” and uphold the principle of independence and self-management of the church, as well as the path of Catholicism’s Sinicization.

SOUTHEAST AND SOUTH ASIA
Singapore: Signs three new energy deals with Indonesia, deepening partnership
On 13 June, Singapore and Indonesia signed three Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) to strengthen cooperation in clean energy and sustainable development, marking a significant milestone in their partnership. Singapore’s Minister in charge of Energy and Science and Technology, Dr. Tan See Leng, met with Indonesia’s Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources, Dr. Bahlil Lahadalia, in Jakarta, Indonesia. Tan said that "the agreements are mutually beneficial and a step towards a joint vision for a low-carbon and sustainable future." 

Indonesia: Calls for foreign investors for the development of a sea wall to avoid floods
On 12 June, Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto invited foreign investors to the project of building a seawall to prevent floods at the northern coast of Java. The project is worth USD 80 billion. The government started working on the plan in 2014, which will protect the region from the rising sea levels. Subianto said that "the sea wall will stretch from Banten to East Java, which will take 20 years to complete."

Bangladesh: 51 per cent of Bangladeshi girls were married before turning 18 between 2006 and 2024, reveals UNFPA
On 12 June, The  Daily Star reported on the State of World Population report titled ‘The Real Fertility Crisis’ published by the United Nations Population Fund. The report revealed that  51 per cent of Bangladeshi girls were married before turning 18 between 2006 and 2024. 

Bangladesh: Muhammad Yunus receives the Harmony Award from King Charles III
On 13 June, The Dhaka Tribune reported that Chief Adviser of Bangladesh's interim government, Muhammad Yunus received the Harmony Award from King Charles III on 12 June. The award is for individuals with achievements in sustainable development and humanitarian causes.

Bangladesh: BNP acting chairman proposes elections before next Ramadan
On 14 June, The Dhaka Tribune reported on the meeting between BNP acting chairman Tarique Rahman and Chief Adviser of interim government, Muhammad Yunus in London. As per the joint statement, Tarique Rahman proposed that elections should be held before next Ramadan. In response, Dr Yunus emphasized that the elections would be held only when sufficient reforms are made. 

Pakistan Budget 2025: Investment in agriculture and relief for armed forces
On 13 June, Dawn reported that The Government is oriented towards self-reliant development with a focus on 4.5 percent growth in the agricultural sector. This will be sustained by an investment of PKR 4.2 billion in crop productivity, livestock development and agricultural modernisation and mechanisation. The major programs are the Punjab Kissan Card which will benefit the farmers by providing them with financial and technological help. Through provincial initiative, these measures are aimed at decreasing the dependence on external funding and encouraging sustainable development in agriculture. The wider ambition is to finance its development in the near future independently by boosting the agricultural sector as a pillar of the economy with specific and innovative interventions. Also, the federal government has endorsed special relief allowance to the armed forces which is 50 per cent of the basic pay of the officers and 20 per cent to the junior ranks.

Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25: Government fails to achieve growth in key areas, highlights Dawn
On 9 June, finance minister Muhammad Aurangzeb released Pakistan Economic Survey 2024-25 in Islamabad. According to him, Pakistan should register a growth rate of 2.7 per cent in the financial year 2024-25. This still stays short of the desired 3.56 per cent growth. In the previous financial year, this number stood at 2.5 per cent. The current projected number for the annual GDP growth is around two per cent less than the “long-term average.” The National Accounts Committee revealed that the GDP of the country surged by 1.37 per cent during July 2024 to September 2024. From October 2024 to December 2024, the GDP grew at 1.53 per cent.  From January 2025 to March 2025, this number stood at 2.4 per cent. The April 2025 to June 2025 has to stand at 5.5 per cent if the finance minister’s prediction for annual GDP growth is to be matched.  The finance minister claimed that the following year would be “a turnaround story.” He also pointed out that the economic performance must not be critiqued without taking account of “global economic growth.” The finance minister also hinted of India’s alleged mal intentions to disrupt Pakistan’s economic growth. He alleged that the executive director of the International Monetary Fund, who happens to be of Indian origin, tried to cause obstacles in Pakistan receiving the second tranche of Extended Fund Facility.

Pakistan: India hindering Trump’s mediation efforts, claims Bilawal Bhutto
On 11 June, PPP Chairman Bilawal Bhutto termed New Delhi’s statements regarding the India-Pakistan military confrontation and terrorist attack in Pahalgam as “lies and propaganda.” He claimed that US President Donald Trump’s “mediation” efforts were being hindered by the government of India. Further, putting allegations against India, he claimed that the intelligence agencies had a hand in eliminating “Sikh activists” in other countries.

On the same day, Foreign Office criticized India’s External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar for calling Pakistan as “Terroristan” in Brussels. The Foreign Office termed Jaishankar’s statements as “irresponsible” and suggested that New Delhi should avoid promulgating “misleading narrative.”

Pakistan: Aseefa Bhutto Zardari voices distress over Tik Tok influencer Sana Yousaf’s murder
On 11 June, The Express Tribune reported on the condemnation expressed by Member of National Assembly and daughter of President Asif Ali Zardari, Aseefa Bhutto Zardari, against the murder of Tik Tok influencer Sana Yousaf. Aseefa Zardari claimed “what happened to her wasn’t just an act of violence- it was a punishment for saying no.” Aseefa emphasized how the incident highlighted “male entitlement” and asserted that the same must not be seen as a part of “cultural or traditional values.” She pointed out how in Pakistani society, people see dismissal by a woman as a big humiliation. She expressed concerns regarding the spread of the narrative that Sana herself is responsible for her death, owing to her presence on social media. She urged the woman community to not bog down and fight back instead against repression.    

AFRICA THIS WEEK
Africa: China removes tariffs on African exports to increase trade
On 12 June, in the China-Africa cooperation meeting, China announced to remove tariffs on African imports from all 53 African countries except Eswatini, which recognises Taiwan. China has been Africa’s largest trading partner for the last 15 years. Amid the US tariffs, the African continent sees this as an opportunity to boost its economy. The bilateral trade between China and Africa is around USD 282 billion.

Djibouti: Eight dead, 22 missing as smugglers dump migrants at sea, UN begins rescue operation
On 11 June, eight refugees and migrants died, and 22 others were missing near the Djibouti coast, according to the United Nations agency, the International Organisation for Migration (IOM). The IOM stated that they were part of a group of 150 people who were forced off the boat last week. The IOM and Djibouti authorities have started their search and rescue operations. Thousands of migrants and refugees from Africa, South Asia and the Middle East attempt dangerous crossings every year to have a better life in Europe. Smugglers take advantage of them and put many people in a small boat and send them off. Yemen is a key route for those from Africa to reach Gulf countries to work.

South Africa: Death toll due to floods rise to 49
On 11 June, 49 people died in South Africa’s Eastern Cape province due to heavy flooding. Easter Cape officials said at least 58 schools and 20 hospitals were damaged, and nearly 500 people’s homes were washed away and damaged. They reported that six school students were swept away when their school bus was caught in floodwaters near a river, and other students were missing. South African President Cyril Ramaphosa offered condolences to the affected families. 

Mauritius: UN panel urges UK to negotiate Chagos Islands deal
On 11 June, the BBC reported that the UN panel has urged the UK to renegotiate the Chagos Islands deal with Mauritius. The UN panel consisted of four experts appointed by the UN Human Rights Council who are not staff of the UN and are independent from the UN. They highlighted that the deal does not guarantee the rights of the Chagossian people as the deal leases the military base on Diego Garcia. The UN experts wrote that the agreement is not in accordance with the aspirations and the right of return of the Chagossians. The lease of Diego Garcia restricts Chagossian people from accessing and exercising cultural rights in ancestral lands where they were forced to move. The panel called for the suspension of the deal that let the UK operate in the military base on Diego Garcia for 101 million Euros per year for 99 years, in agreement with the US. 

EUROPE THIS WEEK
Poland: Prime Minister Donald Tusk to seek confidence vote 
Poland: Prime Minister Tusk wins the confidence votes in the parliament
On 11 June, Poland’s Prime Minister Donald Tusk withstood a vote of confidence in the parliament with 243 MPs voting in support. The decision for the vote came after the close ally of Tusk, Warsaw Mayor Rafal Trzaskowski, lost the presidential runoff to conservative Karol Nawrocki. The elected candidate would replace President Andrzej Duda, a fellow Law and Justice Party conservative. Tusk counted on Trzaskowski’s victory, which would help break the institutional deadlock that was caused by Duda’s veto. He urged the MPs to support moving forward to build a better Poland. Tusk faces criticism from his coalition partners, especially over Trzaskowski’s defeat, and has difficulties in fulfilling the key campaign pledges like abortion law reform and legalising same sex marriage.

The EU: UK and EU agree to remove all physical border barriers between Gibraltar and Spain 
On 11 June, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Gibraltar finalised a political agreement in Brussels. The agreement focused on the future management of Gibraltar’s land border and its integration with EU systems. They agreed to remove all physical border barriers between Gibraltar and Spain, enabling the free movement of people and goods at the land. A dual border control system was established, mirroring the Eurostar St Pancras model, with Spanish Schengen checks and Gibraltar-UK checks. The checks would be conducted at the port and airport. The involved parties committed to a future customs union and agreed on indirect tax principles, including tobacco, to prevent distortions and illicit trade.

France: UN Secretary General emphasizes the protection of the oceans
On 10 June, Deutsche Welle reported on the UN Ocean Conference that took place in Nice, France. The conference aims to ratify a treaty that enables countries to establish protected marine ecosystems in international waters. The UN Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres, called the oceans the ultimate shared resource and urged the global leaders to protect them. Guterres also listed the major threats to oceans, such as rising sea levels, ocean acidification, plastic pollution, destructive fishing practices, and deep-sea mining. He warned that the ocean floor would be the “wild west” if deep-sea mining is not controlled. The treaty has been ratified by 50 countries, and 15 more have agreed to support the same. French President Emmanuel Macron announced that the treaty is a “done deal” and called for a moratorium on sea mining, and said that it is an international necessity. Moreover, the US did not attend the conference, following President Donald Trump’s decision to withdraw from international climate commitments. Furthermore, the UN needs an investment of USD 175 billion annually to meet its conservation goals.

About the Authors
Lekshmi MK is a postgraduate student in the Department of Political Science at Madras Christian College. She is a Research Intern at National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS). Femy Francis is Project Associates at NIAS. Padmashree Anandhan is a Project Associate at NIAS. Rohini Reenum is a Doctoral Student at NIAS. Anu Maria Joseph is Project Associates at NIAS. Fleur Elizabeth Philip is a Research Assistant at NIAS. Gauri Gupta, Aashish Ganeshan, Ananya Dinesh, Naomi Miriam Mathew, R Preetha, Brighty Ann Sarah, Merin Treesa, Aparna A Nair Alex, Santhiya. M, Rizwana S Banu, Yamini Jagadish and Kejia Reddy are Research interns at NIAS. 
 


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Conflicts in Africa This Week:
The Ebola fear in DR Congo and the Elections in Ethiopia amidst conflicts
TWTW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2126

Aparna A Nair

The Shenzhou-23 Mission:
China's Space Missions, Technology, and Infrastructure
CW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2124

Glynnis Winona B

The Crisis in Cuba:
The US Sanctions, Energy Crisis, and Economic Instability
CW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2123

Akshath Kaimal

The Ebola and the DR Congo:
Multiple Outbreaks, Fragile Healthcare System, and Ineffective Global Responses
CW Column
May 2026 | CWA # 2122

Radhika M Agarwal

The War in Ukraine:
Ballistic missiles, Nuclear drills with Belarus, and the Czech ammunition initiative
CW Column
May 2026 | CWA # 2120

Brighty Ann Sarah

Conflicts in the Middle East
The US-Iran War Week Thirteen: Escalating Hostilities, Tenuous Ceasefire and Tense Negotiations
CW Column
May 2026 | CWA # 2119

Anu Maria Joseph

Conflicts in Africa
The Ebola spread in DR Congo, The Faye-Sonko split in Senegal, and the Deepening US military involvement in Nigeria
TWTW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2115

Aparna A Nair

The Putin-Xi Summit
Trade, Technology, Security, and Pipeline
Global Politics Explainer
May 2026 | CWA # 2114

Glynnis Winona B

What makes the UAE a global player?
Explaining the Governance, Economy, People, and Strategic Influence of a Small Middle Eastern State
Global Politics Explainer
May 2026 | CWA # 2113

Aishal Hab Yousuf

Sri Lanka and the US-Iran War:
Rising oil imports, Austerity measures and State capacity
The World This Week
May 2026 | CWA # 2111

NIAS Global Politics Team

The Trump-Xi Summit
The Africa Forward Summit 2026 I North Korea's Constitutional Amendment 2026
TWTW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2110

Aishal Hab Yousuf

The Trump-Xi Summit:
Managing Strategic Competition through Trade, Technology, and Diplomacy
Conflict Weekly
May 2026 | CWA # 2092

NIAS Global Politics Team

The US-Iran War, Week Ten
CW Column on Middle East: Escalating Israeli Aggression in Lebanon I UAE's Covert Manoeuvres
CW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2090

Brighty Ann Sarah

The US-Iran War, Week Ten:
Fraying Ceasefire, Renewed Negotiations and the Risk of a Stalemate
The World This Week
May 2026 | CWA # 2089

Global Politics Team

King Charles's US Visit
TWTW Takeaways
May 2026 | CWA # 2088

Nithin V

Emphasis on strong bilateral relations, democratic values and security cooperation
TWTW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2087

Siddhi Halyur

Exploring Strategic Sectors of Cooperation
TWTW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2086

Aishal Hab Yousuf

Implications for the Middle East and the Energy Market
TWTW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2085

Glynnis Winona B

Growing US-Europe differences and Challenges for Berlin
CW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2083

Brighty Ann Sarah

The US-Iran War, Week Nine:
Deadlocked Negotiations, Competing Agendas and Domestic Pressure
CW Note
May 2026 | CWA # 2082

Akshath Kaimal

Escalating Violence in Mali:
Between Ethnic Insurgencies, Jihadist Attacks, and Military Coups
The World This Week
April 2026 | CWA # 2080

Global Politics Team

Four Takeaways of the WFP's report on the fallouts of the Middle East crisis
TWTW Note
April 2026 | CWA # 2079

Aishal Hab Yousuf

From Post-War Pacifism to Strategic Recalibration and Autonomy
CW Note
April 2026 | CWA # 2074

Brighty Ann Sarah

Israel-Lebanon Ceasefire:
Asymmetric Terms, Fragile Truce and Israeli Occupation
CW Note
April 2026 | CWA # 2073

Akshath Kaimal

The US-Iran War, Week Eight:
A Fragile Ceasefire, Attempts to Control Hormuz and the Stalled Talks in Islamabad
Special Commentary
April 2026 | CWA # 2072

Anu Maria Joseph

Three Years of War in Sudan
Prolonged Stalemate, Humanitarian Cost, External Interventions and Regional Fallouts
Conflict Weekly Special Edition
April 2026 | CWA # 2070

NIAS Global Politics Team

The US-Iran War I Conflicts in Africa I The War in Ukraine I China-Japan Tensions I Pakistan-Afghanistan Clashes
April 2026 | CWA # 2069

Padmashree Anandhan

The War in Ukraine
Expanding Drone Warfare, Russia's Strategic Patience and Ukraine's Diplomatic Outreach
April 2026 | CWA # 2068

Femy Francis 

China-Japan Tensions
Escalating Defence Posturing and Economic Decoupling
April 2026 | CWA # 2067

Anu Maria Joseph

Conflicts in Africa
Continuing Conflicts in Sudan, South Sudan and DR Congo, Security issues in Nigeria, and Political Instability in Madagascar
April 2026 | CWA # 2065

Lakshmi Venugopal Menon

The US-Iran War, Israel-Hamas Conflict and their interconnected fallouts
April 2026 | CWA # 2064

Anwesha Ghosh

Gender Repression, Leadership Rifts, Regional Realignments and Clashes with Pakistan
April 2026 | CWA # 2063

Ramya B

Russia (Jan-Mar 2026)
Assertive Military Posture, Attempts for an Economic Turnaround and Search for Partners
April 2026 | CWA # 2062

Himani Pant

Europe (Jan-Mar 2026)
Trade diversification & FTAs, Increased defence spending, Tightening irregular migration and Economic slowdown
April 2026 | CWA # 2061

S Shaji

Africa (Jan-Mar 2026)
Elections, Civil Wars, Militancy and Peace Initiatives
The World This Quarter
April 2026 | CWA # 2059

Adarsh Vijay

April 2026 | CWA # 2058

Nishchal N Pandey  & Mahesh Raj Bhatta

Nepal (Jan-Mar 2026)
Political Upheaval, Generational Change and Economic Uncertainty
The World This Quarter
April 2026 | CWA # 2057

Bibhu Prasad Routray

Myanmar (Jan-Mar 2026)
An Illegitimate Regime's Consolidation Game
The World This Quarter
April 2026 | CWA # 2056

Ashik J Bonofer

Southeast Asia (Jan-Mar 2026)
Deteriorating situation in Myanmar, Philippines as the ASEAN Chair, New government in Thailand, and Economic & Environmental challenges
The World This Quarter
April 2026 | CWA # 2054

Amrita Jash

Regional assertion, Pragmatic recalibration with the West and Avoiding military entanglement in the Middle East
The World This Quarter
April 2026 | CWA # 2053

Anand V

The "Two Sessions," Recalibrated growth targets, Technology prioritization, and Military purges
The World This Quarter
April 2026 | CWA # 2052

Shreya Upadhyay

Conflict Weekly
April 2026 | CWA # 2050

IPRI Team

March 2026 | CWA # 2042

Preetha Renganarayanan

Five Takeaways of the US Annual Threat Assessment (ATA) Report for 2026
March 2026 | CWA # 2039

Femy Francis

Trump-Xi Meeting
Why did Trump reschedule it? What does that mean?
March 2026 | CWA # 2035

Akshath Kaimal

Pakistan-Afghanistan Conflict
Broken ceasefire, Expanding military strikes and Worsening humanitarian situation
Global Politics Early Bird
March 2026 | CWA # 2033

Mahesh Bhatta

Nepal after elections:
Five major challenges for the new government
March 2026 | CWA # 2023

Femy Francis

New Five-Year Plan, Ethnic Unity Law, and an Enhanced Defence Budget
March 2026 | CWA # 2019

Akshath Kaimal

Rising Violence in Nigeria
Limited State Capacity, Multiple Actors, and a Complex Security Environment
The World This Week
March 2026 | CWA # 2017

Global Politics Team

March 2026 | CWA # 2011

Tanvi Thara Harendra Jha

Resetting Economic, Strategic and Cultural Ties
March 2026 | CWA # 2009

Sreemaya Nair

Nepal Elections 2026
Rise of a new leadership and Reset in political landscape
March 2026 | CWA # 2004

Akshath Kaimal

Instability returns, with a fragile peace agreement, uptick in violence and limited international engagement
March 2026 | CWA # 2003

Yesasvi Koganti

From bilateral ties to a special strategic partnership
March 2026 | CWA # 2002

Femy Francis

Reducing trade deficit and recalibrating economic cooperation with Beijing
March 2026 | CWA # 2001

Preetha Renganarayanan

Six major takeaways on the economy, border and internal security and Iran
February 2026 | CWA # 1998

Anu Maria Joseph

Instability in Sudan
Response to the genocide call and the threats of a regional spillover
March 2026 | CWA # 1991

Global Politics Team

PR Commentary
February 2026 | CWA # 1986

Preetha Renganarayanan

Focus on Trade, Defense, Energy and Regional Connectivity
PR Commentary
February 2026 | CWA # 1985

Abhimanyu Solanki

Basant in Pakistan
The return of Basant, and what it signifies
February 2026 | CWA # 1977

Anu Maria Joseph

Violence in Nigeria
US military deployment amidst worsening insurgency
February 2026 | CWA # 1976

Lekshmi MK

The War in Ukraine
The Geneva Talks and Growing Negotiation Asymmetry
Pakistan in 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1971

Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi

Pakistan Budget 2025-26
Legislating stabilisation under IMF discipline and coalition constraints
Pakistan in 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1970

Aparna A Nair

Pakistan & China
Ten Years of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
PR Explainer
November 2025 | CWA # 1968

Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi

Pakistan and the US
A New opening, or another cycle?
PR Explainer
November 2025 | CWA # 1967

R Preetha

Risks, Reforms and Trajectories
November 2025 | CWA # 1966

Lekshmi MK

Five Questions on Challenges, Capacity and Policies
The World This Week
February 2026 | CWA # 1962

Global Politics Team

Regional Roundups: From East Asia to the Americas
Early Bird
February 2026 | CWA # 1961

Lekshmi MK

What does it mean for domestic politics and regional stability?
The World This Week
February 2026 | CWA # 1955

Global Politics Team

Regional Roundups: From East Asia to the Americas
TWTW Note
January 2026 | CWA # 1947

Brighty Ann Sarah

TWTW Note
January 2026 | CWA # 1946

Preetha Renganarayanan

The Davos Summit 2026
Five Major Takeaways from The World Economic Forum
The World This Week
January 2026 | CWA # 1945

Global Politics Team

Conflict Weekly Note
January 2026 | CWA # 1943

Anu Maria Joseph

CW Note
January 2026 | CWA # 1942

Lekshmi MK

CW Note
January 2026 | CWA # 1941

Brighty Ann Sarah

Conflict Weekly
January 2026 | CWA # 1940

IPRI Team

TWTW Note
January 2026 | CWA # 1939

Lekshmi MK

CW Note
January 2026 | CWA # 1937

Anu Maria Joseph

State of Global Politics 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1931

Padmashree Anandhan

NATO Summit 2025
State of Global Politics 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1930

Aparna A Nair

State of Global Politics 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1924

Padmashree Anandhan

NATO Summit 2025
State of Global Politics 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1914

Preetha Renganarayanan

State of Global Politics 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1913

Rohini Reenum

State of Global Politics 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1912

Lekshmi MK

State of Global Politics 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1911

Swati Sood

State of Global Politics 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1905

Femy Francis

State of Peace and Conflict 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1902

Brighty Ann Sarah

State of Peace and Conflict 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1893

Lekshmi MK

State of Peace and Conflict 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1889

Femy Francis

State of Peace and Conflict 2025
December 2025 | CWA # 1881

Sunidhi Sampige

China Reader
December 2025 | CWA # 1864

Femy Francis

Ten Takeaways of a SCMP Interview with a former PLA Colonel
TWTW Note
December 2025 | CWA # 1861

Femy Francis

China Reader
CW Column: The Conflicts in The Middle East
November 2025 | CWA # 1859

Brighty Ann Sarah

CW Column: The War in Ukraine
November 2025 | CWA # 1858

Padmashree Anandhan

This Week in History
August 2025 | CWA # 1801

R Preetha

28 August 1963
Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech and the Civil Rights Movement in the US
The World This Week
August 2025 | CWA # 1790

GP Team

The World This Week#323-324
The Trump-Putin meeting & the US-China tariff extension
TWTW note
August 2025 | CWA # 1780

Abhiruchi Chowdhury

Trump tariffs:
Weaponization of access to the US economy
The World This Week
August 2025 | CWA # 1779

GP Team

The World This Week#322
US tariffs on India, Brazil and Canada & the EU-US trade deal
This Week in History
August 2025 | CWA # 1778

Lekshmi MK

28 July 1914
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia, starting the First World War
Global Politics Explainer
July 2025 | CWA # 1770

Abhiruchi Chowdhury

Pakistan-Afghanistan relations:
Why the focus on terrorism, refugees, and Uzbekistan as the third partner?
The World This Week
July 2025 | CWA # 1769

GP Team

The World This Week#321
Indian PM Modi's visit to the Maldives I Elections to the Upper House in Japan
Global Politics Explainer
July 2025 | CWA # 1762

Lekshmi MK

Ocean Darkening: 
What is the phenomenon? What are its effects? And who are more vulnerable?
Global Politics Explainer
July 2025 | CWA # 1749

R Preetha

Africa as the Hunger Epicenter
Of the 13 Global Hunger Hotspots, 8 are in Africa: Five reasons why
The World This Week
July 2025 | CWA # 1748

GP Team

The World This Week #318
PM Modi’s Visit to Trinidad and Tobago & Ghana, One big beautiful bill, and Quad Foreign Ministers Meeting
Global Politics Explainer
July 2025 | CWA # 1744

Chittrothu Vaihali

EU-Canada Summit 2025
What is security and defence partnership all about?
Conflict Weekly
July 2025 | CWA # 1742

IPRI Team

Conflict Weekly # 287-88
The 12 Day War and the Congo-Rwanda Peace Deal
Global Politics Explainer
July 2025 | CWA # 1738

Fleur Elizabeth Philip

Thailand and Cambodia
What was the phone call between PM Shinawatra and President of Senate Hun Sen? What is the border dispute between the two? Why has this become an issue?
TWTW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1735

Padmashree Anandhan

NATO Summit 2025:
Trump making Europe great again
The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1734

GP Team

The World This Week #317
NATO Summit 2025 and Russia-Mali bilateral agreements
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1733

Ananya Dinesh

China and the Pacific Islands 
What was the recent China-PIC joint statement about? What it says, and what it means?
TWTW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1728

M Kejia

G7 Summit 2025:
The Focus on the Middle East and Trade negotiations
The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1726

GP Team

The World This Week #316
China-Central Asia Summit in Kazakhstan, and the G7 Summit in Canada
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1725

Brighty Ann Sarah, R Preetha, Santhiya M, Aparna A Nair & M Kejia

Operation Midnight Hammer: US bombs three nuclear sites in Iran
What were the three Iranian nuclear sites that were targeted? What are the B2 Bombers and Bunker Buster Bombs? What do these attacks mean? What Next?
Conflict Weekly
June 2025 | CWA # 1724

IPRI Team

Conflict Weekly #286
The Spiralling Israel-Iran Crisis, and the Dangerous Hunger Hotspots
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1721

Rizwana Banu S and Santhiya M

Who are the Afrikaners?
Why is Trump interested in the Afrikaner question in South Africa?
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1720

Lekshmi MK

New WMO Report on Arctic Warming
What are the social, economic and environmental implications of Arctic warming
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1719

J Yamini  

China’s EV Surge
What contributes to the rise of BYD
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1717

J Yamini

Gender Violence in Pakistan:
What are the larger issues in the Noor Mukadam case?
TWTW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1715

Femy Francis

The US-China:
On Tariffs, Rare Earths and Visas
The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1713

GP Team

The World This Week #315
The UN Ocean Conference in France and the US-China Meeting in London
CW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1712

R Preetha

The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1705

GP Team

The World This Week #314
Elections in South Korea and Poland I China and the Pacific Island Countries I Bangladesh Election Announcement 2026
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1703

M Kejia 

Sagarmatha Sambaad in Nepal
Kathmandu’s Global Agenda for the Himalayas
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1700

R Preetha

Ethiopia bans the TPLF
What does the TPLF ban mean for the Pretoria agreement? What next for Ethiopia?
TWTW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1694

Aashish Ganeshan

The US:
Harvard vs Trump Administration
The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1691

GP Team

The World This Week #313
China-ASEAN-GCC Summit I President Macron's visit to South East Asia I Trump Vs Harvard
The World This Week
May 2025 | CWA # 1690

GP Team

The World This Week #312
Elections in Romania, Portugal & Poland I UK-EU Summit
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1689

Padmashree Anandhan

Ukraine
Continuing Russia’s Aerial Attacks, despite exchange of prisoners
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1688

Ayan Datta

Gaza
The Humanitarian Crisis and Israel’s Renewed Offensive
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1685

Aparna A Nair

UK-EU Summit:
First step towards a reset
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1683

Aashish Ganeshan

Elections in Portugal:
The Rise of Chega Party and the Search for Political Stability
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1679

Aashish Ganeshan

US in the Middle Easr
Trump’s visit to Saudi Arabia, Qatar and UAE
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1678

Gauri Gupta

China in Latin America
China-CELAC forum: Strengthening ties with Latin America and Caribbean
The World This Week
May 2025 | CWA # 1677

GP Team

The World This Week #310-311
China in Latin America and the Carribbean I Trump's Middle East Visit I Denmark as the new Arctic Chair
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1675

Lekshmi MK

Turkey:
PKK disbands after 40 years of armed insurgency
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1673

Padmashree Anandhan

Ukraine:
The Discussion in Turkiye and the Elusive Ceasefire
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1671

Abhiruchi Chowdhury

US, Ukraine and Russia:
Air attacks amidst a Minerals deal and Ceasefire Proposals
Global Politics Early Bird
May 2025 | CWA # 1670

Fleur Elizabeth Philip

Singapore Elections in 2025:
People’s Action Party (PAP) Wins, Again
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1667

R Preetha and Brighty Ann Sarah

East Asia:
Tough Tariff Negotiations with the US
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1666

Padmashree Anandhan

The US-Ukraine
The mineral deal with the US
Conflict Weekly
May 2025 | CWA # 1665
Conflict Weekly # 280-81
India-Pakistan De-escalation I Ukraine Discussion in Istanbul I The Battle over Port Sudan I Disbanding of PKK in Turkiye I France-Algeria Diplomatic Tensions
Global Politics Early Bird
May 2025 | CWA # 1663

R Preetha

Canada Elections 2025:
What do the results convey? What next for Mark Carney?
Conflict Weekly 250th Issue
October 2024 | CWA # 1480

IPRI Team

This Week in History
July 2024 | CWA # 1413

Ramya B

Global Politics Early Bird
May 2024 | CWA # 1336

Femy Francis

This Week in History
April 2024 | CWA # 1275

Ramya B

NIAS Global Politics Database
March 2024 | CWA # 1251

NIAS Africa Team

Africa This Week
This Week in History
March 2024 | CWA # 1246

Sivasubramanian K

NIAS Global Politics Database
February 2024 | CWA # 1226

NIAS Africa Team

Africa This Week
The World This Week
November 2023 | CWA # 1148

GP Team

The War in Ukraine
October 2023 | CWA # 1091

Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri

Issues for Europe
NIAS Pakistan Weekly
October 2023 | CWA # 1087

PR Team

The World This Week
October 2023 | CWA # 1083

GP Team

Conflict Weekly
August 2023 | CWA # 1049

IPRI Team

IPRI Quarterly Forecasts I Triggers, Trends, and Trajectories
July 2023 | CWA # 1012

Bibhu Prasad Routray

Myanmar continues to burn
The World This Week
July 2023 | CWA # 1009

GP Team

2022: The World This Year
December 2022 | CWA # 879

Padmashree Anandhan

The Ukraine War
2022: The World This Year
December 2022 | CWA # 872

Sapna Elsa Abraham

Europe: Heatwaves, Wildfires, Droughts, and Ice Melt in Alps
November 2022 | CWA # 838

Rishma Banerjee

Tracing Europe's droughts
NIAS Africa Weekly
March 2022 | CWA # 705

NIAS Africa Team

In Focus: Libya
The World This Week: 150th Issue
December 2021 | CWA # 630

GP Team

Europe in 2021
Pakistan Reader
October 2021 | CWA # 588

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

TLP is back again
NIAS Fortnightly on Science, Technology & International Relations
August 2021 | CWA # 528

STIR Team

Space Tourism
GLOBAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS
September 2020 | CWA # 337

Anju Annie Mammen

The FATF Meeting, February 2020
February 2020 | CWA # 235

Lakshmi V Menon

Science, Technology and International Relations
September 2019 | CWA # 162

Lakshman Chakravarthy N

5G: A Primer
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 71

Mahesh Bhatta

Nepal
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 70

Nasima Khatoon

The Maldives
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 69

Harini Madhusudan

India
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 68

Sourina Bej

Bangladesh
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 67

Seetha Lakshmi Dinesh Iyer

Afghanistan
United States
July 2018 | CWA # 47

Rahul Arockiaraj

East Asia
June 2018 | CWA # 26

Siddhatti Mehta