Global Politics Explainer

CWA # 1733
Global Politics Explainer
China and the Pacific Islands 
What was the recent China-PIC joint statement about? What it says, and what it means?

Ananya Dinesh
25 June 2025
Photo Source: Google Map. Prepared by Santhiya M

On 28 May 2025, China hosted participants from 11 countries from the Pacific Islands (PICs) in Xiamen, Fujian Province. This was the third China–Pacific Island Countries Foreign Ministers’ Meeting. The meeting worked towards improving diplomatic, economic and regional cooperation. A joint statement was issued keeping in mind development strategies and support for each other’s core interests. The PIC also reaffirmed upholding the One China Policy.

What does the China-PIC joint statement say?
First, the One China Policy and Non-Interference. The joint statement explicitly outlines several areas of cooperation designed to benefit both China and the PIC. China reaffirmed its commitment to respecting the sovereignty of PICs and its policy of non-interference in their political affairs. 

When the Solomon Islands switched diplomatic recognition from Taiwan to China in 2019, Beijing invested in infrastructure and development aid, without applying pressure on the country’s internal political or democratic institutions. For the Solomon Islands, this approach was more appealing than that of countries like Australia or the United States, where assistance is often linked to governance or human rights standards.  Under China’s One China principle, China maintains diplomatic ties with countries that recognize the People’s Republic of China (PRC) as the sole legitimate government of China. Taiwan operates as a de facto independent state; however, China considers it part of its territory and looks for eventual reunification.

One of the statement’s strongest messages is China’s stance against foreign interference in the internal affairs of PIC. China highlights the idea of sovereign equality, arguing that all nations, regardless of size or power, deserve the freedom to determine their futures. It positions itself as a respectful partner: one that provides aid without pushing political reforms or making conditional promises.
Foreign Minister Wang Yi criticized defense alliances like AUKUS (Australia–United Kingdom–United States), which seeks to introduce nuclear-powered submarines into the Indo-Pacific. China views this as a breach of the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty and a risk to regional peace and stability. Wang argued that such security groupings represent bloc-based confrontation and do not serve the development goals of the Pacific.

Which Pacific Island countries maintain ties with Taiwan?
As of 2025, three Pacific Island nations including Palau, the Marshall Islands and Tuvalu, continue to maintain formal diplomatic ties with Taiwan. They have withstood diplomatic pressure from China to switch recognition. However, Kiribati and the Solomon Islands shifted their recognition from Taiwan to the PRC in 2019. Nauru followed suit in January 2024, shortly after Taiwan’s presidential elections. Several factors including economic promises from Beijing, infrastructure investments, and growing diplomatic pressure have shifted countries’ focus from Taiwan to PRC. In a few cases, leadership changes and shifting national priorities contributed to these decisions as well. For some governments, aligning with China proved more beneficial than holding on to diplomatic ties with Taiwan.

What is China’s interest in the PIC? 
China and the PIC have shared diplomatic relations since the 1970s. Today, cooperation spans across 20 sectors, including trade, health, education, and climate change. China has supported the region with over 100 aid projects and 200 rounds of in-kind assistance. 600 Chinese medical professionals have worked in the Pacific, providing care for over 260,000 people. During the COVID-19 pandemic, China supplied nearly 600,000 vaccine doses and over 100 tons of medical supplies to the region. China and the PIC have built 22 sister-province and city-level partnerships to foster grassroots engagement. High-level visits, such as President Xi Jinping’s trips in 2014 and 2018, and Foreign Minister Wang Yi’s regional tour in 2022, have further strengthened ties.

Most of the PIC now recognize the PRC and support the One China policy. This diplomatic alignment has opened the door for greater investment through China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), launched in 2013. Under the BRI framework, China has supported major infrastructure projects like the USD 71 million national stadium in the Solomon Islands, port upgrades, roads in Vanuatu, and hospitals in Fiji and Samoa.
In addition, China has pledged to fund a hundred "small but beautiful" projects across the region focused on climate change adaptation, clean energy, and tourism. These efforts align with the 2050 Strategy for the Blue Pacific Continent, a regional plan prioritizing sustainable development and regional security. The joint statement confirmed that all parties would work to integrate the BRI with this regional strategy.

What next for China and the PiC?
First, China’s expanding influence in the Pacific is part of a larger effort to redefine its role on the world stage. By building strong regional partnerships, China seeks to lead the Global South and offer an alternative to Western-led international systems. Second, for many countries, especially during the presidency of Donald Trump, China appeared more stable and predictable than the United States. The US's decision to pull out from the WHO had most countries rethink their alliance with the US. Third, in the face of US "protectionism", larger economies like Germany and France increased trade with China. Countries like Iran and Russia, facing Western sanctions, deepened strategic ties with Beijing. In Africa and Southeast Asia, nations such as Ethiopia and Cambodia welcomed Chinese aid, which came without political conditions. Fourth, China is seen as a more pragmatic and reliable trade partner. For the PIC, China offers a clear alternative to West, one that not only promises sovereignty but economic support and inclusion in a more balanced, equal and multipolar world.

About the author
Ananya Dinesh is an undergraduate student pursuing Mass Communication and Journalism, Political Science and Literature at St Francis College for Women, Hyderabad. 
 

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June 2025 | CWA # 1734

GP Team

The World This Week #317
NATO Summit 2025 and Russia-Mali bilateral agreements
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1733

Ananya Dinesh

China and the Pacific Islands 
What was the recent China-PIC joint statement about? What it says, and what it means?
TWTW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1728

M Kejia

G7 Summit 2025:
The Focus on the Middle East and Trade negotiations
The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1726

GP Team

The World This Week #316
China-Central Asia Summit in Kazakhstan, and the G7 Summit in Canada
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1725

Brighty Ann Sarah, R Preetha, Santhiya M, Aparna A Nair & M Kejia

Operation Midnight Hammer: US bombs three nuclear sites in Iran
What were the three Iranian nuclear sites that were targeted? What are the B2 Bombers and Bunker Buster Bombs? What do these attacks mean? What Next?
Conflict Weekly
June 2025 | CWA # 1724

IPRI Team

Conflict Weekly #286
The Spiralling Israel-Iran Crisis, and the Dangerous Hunger Hotspots
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1721

Rizwana Banu S and Santhiya M

Who are the Afrikaners?
Why is Trump interested in the Afrikaner question in South Africa?
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1720

Lekshmi MK

New WMO Report on Arctic Warming
What are the social, economic and environmental implications of Arctic warming
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1719

J Yamini  

China’s EV Surge
What contributes to the rise of BYD
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1717

J Yamini

Gender Violence in Pakistan:
What are the larger issues in the Noor Mukadam case?
TWTW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1715

Femy Francis

The US-China:
On Tariffs, Rare Earths and Visas
The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1713

GP Team

The World This Week #315
The UN Ocean Conference in France and the US-China Meeting in London
CW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1712

R Preetha

The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1705

GP Team

The World This Week #314
Elections in South Korea and Poland I China and the Pacific Island Countries I Bangladesh Election Announcement 2026
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1703

M Kejia 

Sagarmatha Sambaad in Nepal
Kathmandu’s Global Agenda for the Himalayas
Global Politics Explainer
June 2025 | CWA # 1700

R Preetha

Ethiopia bans the TPLF
What does the TPLF ban mean for the Pretoria agreement? What next for Ethiopia?
TWTW Note
June 2025 | CWA # 1694

Aashish Ganeshan

The US:
Harvard vs Trump Administration
The World This Week
June 2025 | CWA # 1691

GP Team

The World This Week #313
China-ASEAN-GCC Summit I President Macron's visit to South East Asia I Trump Vs Harvard
The World This Week
May 2025 | CWA # 1690

GP Team

The World This Week #312
Elections in Romania, Portugal & Poland I UK-EU Summit
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1689

Padmashree Anandhan

Ukraine
Continuing Russia’s Aerial Attacks, despite exchange of prisoners
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1688

Ayan Datta

Gaza
The Humanitarian Crisis and Israel’s Renewed Offensive
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1685

Aparna A Nair

UK-EU Summit:
First step towards a reset
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1683

Aashish Ganeshan

Elections in Portugal:
The Rise of Chega Party and the Search for Political Stability
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1679

Aashish Ganeshan

US in the Middle Easr
Trump’s visit to Saudi Arabia, Qatar and UAE
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1678

Gauri Gupta

China in Latin America
China-CELAC forum: Strengthening ties with Latin America and Caribbean
The World This Week
May 2025 | CWA # 1677

GP Team

The World This Week #310-311
China in Latin America and the Carribbean I Trump's Middle East Visit I Denmark as the new Arctic Chair
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1675

Lekshmi MK

Turkey:
PKK disbands after 40 years of armed insurgency
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1673

Padmashree Anandhan

Ukraine:
The Discussion in Turkiye and the Elusive Ceasefire
CW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1671

Abhiruchi Chowdhury

US, Ukraine and Russia:
Air attacks amidst a Minerals deal and Ceasefire Proposals
Global Politics Early Bird
May 2025 | CWA # 1670

Fleur Elizabeth Philip

Singapore Elections in 2025:
People’s Action Party (PAP) Wins, Again
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1667

R Preetha and Brighty Ann Sarah

East Asia:
Tough Tariff Negotiations with the US
TWTW Note
May 2025 | CWA # 1666

Padmashree Anandhan

The US-Ukraine
The mineral deal with the US
Conflict Weekly
May 2025 | CWA # 1665
Conflict Weekly # 280-81
India-Pakistan De-escalation I Ukraine Discussion in Istanbul I The Battle over Port Sudan I Disbanding of PKK in Turkiye I France-Algeria Diplomatic Tensions
Global Politics Early Bird
May 2025 | CWA # 1663

R Preetha

Canada Elections 2025:
What do the results convey? What next for Mark Carney?
Conflict Weekly 250th Issue
October 2024 | CWA # 1480

IPRI Team

This Week in History
July 2024 | CWA # 1413

Ramya B

Global Politics Early Bird
May 2024 | CWA # 1336

Femy Francis

This Week in History
April 2024 | CWA # 1275

Ramya B

NIAS Global Politics Database
March 2024 | CWA # 1251

NIAS Africa Team

Africa This Week
This Week in History
March 2024 | CWA # 1246

Sivasubramanian K

NIAS Global Politics Database
February 2024 | CWA # 1226

NIAS Africa Team

Africa This Week
The World This Week
November 2023 | CWA # 1148

GP Team

The War in Ukraine
October 2023 | CWA # 1091

Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri

Issues for Europe
NIAS Pakistan Weekly
October 2023 | CWA # 1087

PR Team

The World This Week
October 2023 | CWA # 1083

GP Team

Conflict Weekly
August 2023 | CWA # 1049

IPRI Team

IPRI Quarterly Forecasts I Triggers, Trends, and Trajectories
July 2023 | CWA # 1012

Bibhu Prasad Routray

Myanmar continues to burn
The World This Week
July 2023 | CWA # 1009

GP Team

2022: The World This Year
December 2022 | CWA # 879

Padmashree Anandhan

The Ukraine War
2022: The World This Year
December 2022 | CWA # 872

Sapna Elsa Abraham

Europe: Heatwaves, Wildfires, Droughts, and Ice Melt in Alps
November 2022 | CWA # 838

Rishma Banerjee

Tracing Europe's droughts
NIAS Africa Weekly
March 2022 | CWA # 705

NIAS Africa Team

In Focus: Libya
The World This Week: 150th Issue
December 2021 | CWA # 630

GP Team

Europe in 2021
Pakistan Reader
October 2021 | CWA # 588

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

TLP is back again
NIAS Fortnightly on Science, Technology & International Relations
August 2021 | CWA # 528

STIR Team

Space Tourism
GLOBAL PROTEST MOVEMENTS
September 2020 | CWA # 337

Anju Annie Mammen

The FATF Meeting, February 2020
February 2020 | CWA # 235

Lakshmi V Menon

Science, Technology and International Relations
September 2019 | CWA # 162

Lakshman Chakravarthy N

5G: A Primer
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 71

Mahesh Bhatta

Nepal
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 70

Nasima Khatoon

The Maldives
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 69

Harini Madhusudan

India
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 68

Sourina Bej

Bangladesh
South Asia Monthly Brief (Nov 2018)
December 2018 | CWA # 67

Seetha Lakshmi Dinesh Iyer

Afghanistan
United States
July 2018 | CWA # 47

Rahul Arockiaraj

East Asia
June 2018 | CWA # 26

Siddhatti Mehta