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IPRI Team
20 March 2026 |
Conflict Weekly Focus Note
The US-Iran War, Week Three:
Multi-front Escalation and Economic Fallouts
Rohini Reenum
In the news
US-Israeli offensive
Between 13 and 14 March, the US conducted strikes on Iran's Kharg Island, targeting military installations while sparing oil infrastructure. The US Central Command claimed to have targeted 90 military sites on the Island. On 14 March, a missile strike on an industrial site in the central Iranian city of Isfahan killed at least 15 people. On the same day, President Trump revealed that he has appealed to China, France, Japan, South Korea, and the United Kingdom to join the US in securing the Strait of Hormuz. Later, he called on all “the Countries of the World that receive Oil through the Hormuz Strait” to join the coalition, making a special mention of NATO. No countries have made any announcement so far regarding joining the coalition. On 15 March, US President Donald Trump threatened Iran with further attacks on the Kharg Island if it continued blocking the Strait of Hormuz.
On 17 March, the Israeli Defense Minister, Israel Katz, claimed that Iran’s Supreme National Security Council Head, Ali Larijani, and commander of the Basij paramilitary forces, Gholamreza Soleimani, were killed in overnight strikes. On the following day, Iran confirmed their deaths, vowing revenge. On 18 March, President Trump criticised NATO allies and partners for failing to provide stronger military support in efforts to end Iran’s chokehold on the Strait of Hormuz. On the same day, Israel attacked Iran’s South Pars field, and Iran confirmed the killing of Intelligence Minister Esmail Khatib in an overnight attack by Israel.
Iran’s Response
Between 13 and 18 March, Iran continued to target US military bases across the Middle East, central Israel, and sporadic attacks in the Gulf countries.
On 18 March, there were multiple drone attacks in Iraq, including near the Baghdad airport and the US embassy in the Green Zone. On the same day, an Iraqi armed group claimed responsibility for 28 drone strikes across Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Jordan over the past 15 days. In response to the South Pars field attack, Iran's IRGC launched attacks on several energy sites in the Gulf countries, including Qatar’s Ras Laffan gas facility, where authorities reported significant damage, and at the United Arab Emirates’ Habshan ?gas facility, where operations were suspended. Foreign Minister Abbas Aragchi, in an interview, said that “This is America’s war” and blamed the US for the regional escalation.
Following the killing of three senior leaders, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian condemned the “cowardly assassination” of his “dear colleagues” and added that their “path will continue stronger than before.”
Regional Responses
On 18 March, Al Jazeera reported that Saudi Arabia was hosting an emergency meeting of foreign ministers from Arab and Muslim countries in Riyadh to discuss Iranian retaliation. On the same day, Qatar’s Foreign Ministry made a strong statement following the Iranian attack on its Ras Laffan gas facility. The statement read “Qatar considers this assault a dangerous escalation, a flagrant violation of its sovereignty, and a direct threat to its national security.”
On 19 March, Saudi Arabian Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan declared that the “little trust” rebuilt with Iran over the last few years is now “completely shattered.” Farhan also warned that “The Kingdom and its partners possess significant capabilities, and the patience we have shown is not unlimited.”
Developments within the US
On 18 March, US National Counterterrorism Center director Joe Kent tendered his public resignation protesting the Iran War. In his statement, he claimed that “Iran posed no imminent threat to our nation, and it is clear that we started this war due to pressure from Israel and its powerful American lobby.”
Issues at large
1. The rapid multi-front escalation
In the third week, the war has significantly escalated across all fronts, with the killing of three key senior Iranian leaders, targeting of its strategic assets, such as the Kharg Island, and its biggest gas field. In retaliation, Tehran has also indiscriminately targeted energy reserves and infrastructure across the Gulf countries, expanding its targets dramatically. On the maritime front, the Strait of Hormuz remains effectively closed, with Iran allowing only a few ships to pass per day based on the ship’s flagged state. With key mediators in the Middle East like Qatar and the UAE caught in the War’s crosshairs, a defiant Iran and an unwilling Trump, there naturally has been no talk of any ceasefire/peace negotiations. The only development on this front has been President Trump’s assurance that henceforth, Israel will not attack any of Tehran’s gas fields.
2. Pushback, yet reluctance of the Gulf countries to militarily retaliate
Following escalating Iranian aggression, the response from Gulf countries has shifted from defensive posturing to an active, coordinated pushback, stopping short of active military retaliation. For instance, Saudi Arabia issued warnings of military retaliation, and the Qatari Ministry of Foreign Affairs labelled the attack on its gas field a “calculated act of economic terrorism.” Additionally, Qatar has also expelled key Iranian military and security officials along with their staff from its territory. Despite this hardening of their stance, the Gulf countries have maintained a policy of strategic non-retaliation, possibly for the fear of an all-out regional war, its long-term economic ramifications, and being viewed domestically as fighting an Israeli War. Non-retaliation also helps them maintain neutrality and secure international support.
3. Lack of support for the US-Israeli offensive
During the first two weeks, the US allies' lack of support for the Iran War was reflected in their measured statements. However, in the third week, with Trump’s direct appeals for joining the coalition rejected, traditional US allies have made their stance clearer. Further, there are signs of growing divergence of opinion among US allies in the Middle East as well. Interestingly, Oman’s Foreign Minister Badr Albusaidi made a surprise statement in an Economist opinion stating that “the United States has lost control of its foreign policy and is involved in a war that is not its own.” This lack of support for the War at the home front was also reflected in the high-profile resignation of Trump’s counterterrorism aide, which not only reflected a difference of opinion but also put under scrutiny the pretext and rationale for starting the war itself.
4. Global economic fallouts
While the first two weeks of the War pushed oil prices past USD 100, the recent attacks on gas fields have triggered a significant global supply shock. Brent crude, which hovered around USD 70 before the war, has surged to USD 126 following the Ras Laffan attack. QatarEnergy confirmed that the strikes wiped out 17 per cent of Qatar’s LNG capacity. Experts have warned that repairs could take 3 to 5 years, creating a long-term structural deficit in global gas supply. The Hormuz Blockade has also adversely impacted the global energy supply, which is currently falling 20 million barrels per day (mb/d) short of demand.
In perspective
With expanded targeting of energy reserves and infrastructure, the War has metamorphosed from an earlier precise decapacitation military campaign to a comprehensive energy war, threatening the global energy supply chain and immediate and future energy security. With the intensification of Iranian retaliation across the Middle East and consequent growing frustration among the Gulf countries, the region could very well be at the precipice of a total regional conflagration.
The successive killing of key Iranian leaders has also hardened Iran’s defiance and rhetoric, which views the Israeli-US offensive as an existential threat to the country. This makes negotiations difficult and only heightens the threat of miscalculation. Further, President Trump is also beginning to face the repercussions of starting a unilateral war, both from his allies and at home. Overall, the trajectory of this war is becoming difficult to predict, with its progression and expansion, and a lot will depend on who blinks first and calls for de-escalation.
Click here for recent and related publications:
Rohini Reenum, “The US Iran War, Week Two: Expanding Fronts, Shifting Goalposts, and Global Fallout,” Conflict Weekly #323, 13 March 2026
Rohini Reenum, “The US-Iran War, Week One: Rapid Escalation, Regional Spillover, Global Uncertainty,” Conflict Weekly #322, 06 March 2026
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Conflict Weekly Focus Note
Pakistan-Afghanistan Conflict:
Broken ceasefire, Expanding military strikes and Worsening humanitarian situation
Akshath Kaimal
In the news
On 15 March, hostilities continued between Pakistan and Afghanistan, with the former launching airstrikes in Kandahar province; earlier Kabul fired mortar shells into Bajaur district of KP, killing four civilians.
On 16 March, Pakistan conducted airstrikes on Kabul and Nangarhar province, saying it targeted technical support infrastructure and ammunition storage in Kabul. The same day, Afghanistan accused Pakistan of striking a drug rehabilitation facility in Kabul and killing over 400 civilians. Afghan government spokesperson Zabihullah Mujahid called the strike a “crime against humanity.” Pakistan rejected the claim, saying it only targeted military infrastructure in Kabul.
On 17 March, the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) confirmed the strike on the medical facility; on 18 March, it said it had recorded 143 deaths from the strike.
On 18 March, following pressure from Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkiye, both countries announced a pause to the fighting. Islamabad said its operations would be paused from midnight on Thursday to midnight on Tuesday.
Issues at large
1. The ceasefire in tatters
In October 2025, Pakistan and Afghanistan were engaged in a brief military confrontation. A ceasefire agreement was reached with the help of Qatar and Turkiye. Under the deal, Kabul agreed not to “support groups carrying out attacks against the Government of Pakistan.” However, the two sides continued trading fire, albeit with less intensity, as Pakistan felt Kabul was not doing enough to stop the flow of terrorists from its territory into Pakistan. A series of terrorist attacks in January and February 2026 prompted Islamabad to conduct airstrikes inside Afghanistan, with Kabul retaliating with its own attacks. The Taliban denies Pakistan’s claim that it supports terrorist groups - especially the TTP - that have been conducting attacks within Pakistan. Kabul, instead, blames Islamabad for being the aggressor and failing to address its own internal security issues. The initial ceasefire agreement was fragile but saw military hostilities recede by the end of 2025. With clashes intensifying over the last three weeks, that ceasefire is now effectively broken.
2. The expanding geographical scope of attacks by Pakistan and Afghanistan
During October 2025, Pakistan primarily targeted Taliban and militant camps near the border. But this time around, Islamabad has expanded its attacks to the interiors of Afghanistan, primarily Kabul and, more recently, Kandahar. Pakistan has also expanded its attacks on Taliban military and technical infrastructure, both along the border and in Kabul. This expansion resulted in a drug rehabilitation facility in Kabul being hit by Pakistani airstrikes, killing over 140 civilians. Although less intense, Afghanistan has also struck the interiors of Pakistan, particularly Quetta, Kohat and Rawalpindi. Kabul used drones to conduct these attacks, which injured several, two among them children. This signals an expansion in the geographical scope of attacks from both sides.
3. Conflicting data on attacks and casualties
Pakistan, on the one hand, has consistently provided figures on the number of militants killed, injured, checkposts captured and military equipment destroyed, without shedding any light on civilian casualties. Afghanistan, on the other hand, provides figures relating to its own operations, but primarily highlights the civilian casualties of Pakistani attacks, accusing Islamabad of indiscriminately targeting civilians, which Pakistan denies. Meanwhile, the UN has also been providing figures on civilian casualties, but they usually differ from those of the other two parties. For example, Afghanistan says that over 400 civilians were killed in the Pakistani airstrike on the drug rehabilitation facility in Kabul. At the same time, the UN announced the number was actually 143, and Pakistan denied attacking the facility in the first place. This makes it difficult to understand the direct impact of the hostilities on civilians.
4. The international response
Countries like China, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkiye have been primarily calling for hostilities. President Erdogan of Turkiye offered to help restore the initial ceasefire to help end the fighting. China has also repeatedly offered to mediate as it maintains warm relations with both countries. The UK and the US also expressed concern over the violence. India has backed Afghanistan and also highlighted Pakistan’s failure to control its internal security situation. The United Nations, through its human rights chief Volker Türk, has expressed concern over the rising civilian toll, with a majority of them being children. Ultimately, it was Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Turkiye that managed to secure a temporary pause in fighting.
In perspective
First, a conflict with no end in sight. While fighting has been paused at the moment, Pakistan has said that it would resume its operations from next week. Both sides seem to be at an impasse.
Second, the border closures and worsening impact on civilians. The hostilities this time are having a far worse impact on civilians. Additionally, Pakistan has also ramped up action against illegal Afghan nationals, arresting thousands across the country. Prolonged border closures have resulted in trade losses of around USD 2 million per day. This can expand displacement, worsening the humanitarian situation.
Click here to read recent and related commentaries:
Akshath Kaimal, “Pakistan-Afghanistan Clashes: Another round of cross-border attacks,” Conflict Weekly #321, 27 February 2026
Akshath Kaimal, “Pakistan and Afghanistan: A Disputed border, TTP attacks and heightened tensions,” Conflict Weekly #313, 31 December 2026
Lekshmi MK, “Pakistan-Taliban Peace Talks: Background, Issues, Challenges and Implications,” PR Commentary, 31 December 2026
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Conflict Weekly Focus Note
Continuing Israel-Hezbollah Confrontation:
Expanding Israeli Military Operations and the Reshaping of Southern Lebanon
Brighty Ann Sarah
In the news
On 12 March, Hezbollah and the IRGC, in a coordinated strike, launched a barrage of over 200 missiles targeting Israel, in a steep escalation of hostilities. In response, Israel’s Defence Minister, Israel Katz, stated that the Israeli military has been instructed to expand its operations in Lebanon. Katz warned Lebanese President Joseph Aoun that if the Lebanese government could not prevent Hezbollah from attacking Israel, Israel "would do it ourselves.”
On 13 March, Defence Minister Katz stated that the IDF is expanding its military operations in Lebanon, issuing evacuation orders and launching strikes at the heart of Beirut. He threatened to unleash Gaza-scale destruction. Hezbollah’s leader, Naim Qassem, responded that the group has “prepared ourselves for a long confrontation.” On the same day, the Norwegian Refugee Council stated that Israel's evacuation orders for southern Lebanon and parts of Beirut now covered about 1,470 square kilometres or about 14 per cent of the country. Israeli officials also stated that the displaced population will not be allowed to return to their homes until Israeli citizens are safe from the threat of Hezbollah
On 16 March, Israeli officials indicated that Israel and Lebanon are expected to hold talks, but President Aoun’s demands for a ceasefire are questionable.
On 18 March, Reuters reported that Israel has more than doubled the number of troops along its border with Lebanon and is searching homes in southern Lebanese villages that the military has ordered to evacuate.
On 19 March, Israeli forces declared that two landbridges over the Litani River, connecting southern Lebanon with the rest of the country, had been destroyed in strikes.
Issues at large
1. A brief note on the geographic and demographic importance of the southern Lebanon and Israel-Hezbollah confrontations
Israel’s strikes are closely concentrated across south Lebanon, directly adjacent to Israel's northern border. Geographically, the south, precisely the border strip south of the Litani River was the zone Hezbollah was required to vacate under UN Security Council Resolution 1701, 2006. Hezbollah never fully complied; instead, it rebuilt its military capabilities there. For Hezbollah, this region is also the primary operational zone, hosting most of its military assets and command centres, and the hilly and rugged terrain is suitable for guerrilla operations.
Demographically, southern Lebanon is the heartland of Lebanon's Shia Muslim community, which forms Hezbollah's core support base and recruitment pool. The group has dominated the areas for decades through military control, social services and political influence. For Israel, operations here directly disrupt Hezbollah's grassroots infrastructure and forward-deployed personnel. Similarly, in Beirut, the southern suburb of Dahiyeh is also a Hezbollah stronghold, hosting a large Shia population, displaced by Israeli attacks in south Lebanon since the 2006 war.
2. Israel’s reluctance to negotiate with Lebanon and Beirut’s weak control over Hezbollah
Israel's reluctance to negotiate stems from a deep scepticism toward the Lebanese government’s ability to deliver on its commitments to disarm Hezbollah. Beirut’s incapacity in enforcing previous agreements and curbing Hezbollah militarily has significantly weakened its diplomatic position with Tel Aviv. The administration lacks both the military capacity and political will against Hezbollah’s political and military stronghold in the country. The administration's fear of triggering an internal collapse allows Hezbollah to act independently, aligning with Iranian interests.
3. Israel’s strategic interests in southern Lebanon and the Litani River
Israel regards the Litani River as its ”natural northern border,” which functions as a de facto “red line” and geographic buffer. Israel's operations in the region claim to create a temporary “forward defence area” or security perimeter south of the Litani by pushing Hezbollah northward and neutralising its infrastructure to enforce the demilitarised buffer without permanent annexation. Israel seeks to depopulate the southern strip and extend military control over the region to prevent the resurgence of Hezbollah in the territory, securing Tel Aviv’s northern borders.
In perspective
Israel’s targeted strikes in southern Lebanon and Beirut’s southern suburbs are a dual-pronged strategy to reduce Hezbollah's military and operational capacity and also its hold over these sub-regions. By hitting its core infrastructure, command centres, launch sites and tunnel networks, Israel aims to erode Hezbollah’s ability to carry out cross-border operations.
Second, Israel’s strikes also mark an attempt to erode Hezbollah's domestic support among its most loyal Shia base by triggering widespread public frustration over persistent destruction and suffering, while simultaneously dispersing the population through mass evacuation orders, repeated bombardments and displacement. This forced relocation prevents the formation of a unified collective force or resistance network and fosters resentment toward Hezbollah for "dragging" Lebanon into war on Iran's behalf. Over time, such a strain could complicate Hezbollah’s standing domestically, potentially making it easier for the administration of Lebanon to push more firmly for restrictions or disarmament, especially if public support for the group becomes more fragmented.
Click here for recent and related publications:
Brighty Ann Sarah, “Continuing Israel-Hezbollah Confrontation: Attacks in South Lebanon, Beirut’s Conundrum, and Tel Aviv’s Greater Goals,” Conflict Weekly #323, 13 March 2026
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CW Column: The War in Ukraine
Massive drone attacks, Growing energy leverage and Drifting peace efforts
Padmashree Anandhan
In the news
War on the ground
On 16 March, Zelenskyy called for tighter control over Ukraine’s drone exports amid rising global demand, particularly from the US and the Middle East. He also noted delays in peace talks, stating Ukraine was awaiting responses from the US and Russia. On 17 March, Zelenskyy visited the UK, where Prime Minister Keir Starmer warned that the Middle East war could become a “windfall for Putin” through rising energy revenues. On 18 March, the Ukrainian military deployed over 200 anti-drone military experts to Gulf countries, including the UAE, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, to counter Iranian-designed Shahed drones. Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskyy warned that drone warfare is expanding beyond state actors.
Moscow View
On 15 March, Russia launched a large-scale missile and drone assault across Ukraine, deploying over 400 drones and dozens of missiles, targeting energy infrastructure and civilian areas. Multiple regions, including Kyiv, Sumy, Kharkiv, Dnipro and Mykolaiv, reported casualties and damage. Russian strikes caused sustained damage to urban centres like Kharkiv, Sloviansk and Zaporizhzhia, particularly targeting residential areas and energy infrastructure, while Ukraine’s strikes have focused on military-industrial and logistical targets inside Russia.
West View
On 14 March, the US postponed another round of trilateral peace talks due to the Middle East conflict, while also issuing temporary waivers on Russian oil sanctions. US-Russia discussions continued without Ukrainian participation, with a partial focus on energy cooperation. On 18 March, EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas cautioned that rising energy prices and diversion of air defence systems to the Middle East could benefit Russia. She said: “If we just go back to business as usual, we will have more of this – more wars.” On the same day, Ukraine confirmed Druzhba pipeline repairs were progressing, but restoration of oil flows to Hungary and Slovakia would take weeks.
Issues at large
1. Russia’s gradual pressure in eastern Ukraine and intensifying attacks on key urban and energy centres
Russia continues to hold roughly one-fifth of Ukrainian territory and is consolidating its position in the Donbas, with reported advances toward strategic hubs such as Sloviansk and Kramatorsk. While gains remain incremental rather than decisive, Russia’s approach combines slow ground advances with sustained aerial bombardment. Cities in eastern Ukraine, including Kharkiv, Sloviansk, Kramatorsk and Zaporizhzhia, have faced repeated missile, drone and glide bomb attacks, leading to significant civilian and infrastructure damage. At the same time, Ukraine has shown the ability to counter Russian offensives through air defence and localised counterattacks.
2. Russia leveraging the global energy crisis and negotiations
The war in the Middle East has driven oil prices upward, allowing Russia to boost revenues despite sanctions. US moves to ease certain restrictions on Russian oil have further enabled this trend. Russia is now positioning itself as a reliable supplier in a disrupted global market and signalling potential resumption of energy flows to Europe under favourable conditions. Meanwhile, disputes within Europe, involving Hungary and Slovakia, show continued dependence on Russian energy and difficulty in energy transition.
3. The Middle East reshaping the strategic environment of the Ukraine war
The diversion of global attention and military resources has directly affected Ukraine, particularly through the reallocation of air defence systems and delays in diplomatic engagement. Rising energy prices linked to the Middle East conflict are also strengthening Russia’s economic position. Ukraine’s leadership has openly expressed concern that the conflict is losing centrality in global strategic priorities, which could prolong the war and weaken support.
4. Europe’s political signal for Ukraine
The European leaders have reiterated commitments to Ukraine’s security and rejected calls to normalise ties with Russia. However, internal divisions over energy dependence, financial assistance and strategic priorities persist. While support remains firm in rhetoric, the ability to maintain cohesion and sustained engagement is increasingly challenged by competing geopolitical pressures.
In perspective
Compared to previous weeks, the pattern remains consistent. Russia is not achieving rapid breakthroughs but is steadily degrading Ukraine’s defensive capacity and urban resilience through persistent strikes, while Ukraine relies on interception and targeted counterstrikes to stabilise the front. Russia’s ability to combine gradual territorial advances with sustained infrastructure strikes, alongside renewed energy leverage, positions it to endure the conflict. Ukraine remains resilient, adapting through technological innovation and defensive effectiveness, but the overlap of multiple conflicts is diluting diplomatic momentum and exposing cracks within Western support structures. As a result, the war is likely to be prolonged.
Padmashree Anandhan, “Continuing Strikes and Inconsistent Diplomatic Efforts,” Conflict Weekly #323, 13 March 2026
Padmashree Anandhan, “Four Years of War in Ukraine,” Conflict Weekly, 21 February 2026
Padmashree Anandhan, “Ukraine Peace talks in Abu Dhabi,” Conflict Weekly, 14 February 2026
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CW Column: Conflicts in Africa
Sudan-Chad tensions and the Boko Haram attack in Nigeria's Maiduguri
Anu Maria Joseph
In the news
1. Sudan-Chad
On 19 March, the Chadian government said that a drone launched from Sudan killed 17 people in the Tine town of Chad. Chadian President, Mahamat Idriss Deby, has ordered the military to retaliate against any further strikes.
On the same day, according to Chad's government spokesperson, Tine has been targeted despite "various firm warnings addressed to the different belligerents in the Sudan conflict and the closure of the border." The Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) denied and blamed each other for carrying out the attack.
2. Nigeria
On 17 March, the BBC reported that at least 23 people were killed and 108 were injured in a series of suicide bombings in Nigeria's city of Maiduguri in Borno state. Nigeria's military has blamed Boko Haram for the attack.
On the same day, Nigerian President Bola Tinubu condemned the attack, calling it "profoundly upsetting” and the "desperate act of the evil-minded terrorist group."
Issue at large
1. Sudan-Chad: Cross-border tensions and threat of a regional spillover of civil war
Ever since the civil war in Sudan began in April 2023, Chad has been the most affected neighbouring state. According to the UN, Chad is hosting more than one million war refugees. Chad shares a 1,400-kilometre-long porous border with western Sudan, which includes almost the entirety of the Darfur region and is currently under the control of the RSF. In February, the RSF gained control of the Sudan's side of Tine town, which is separated from Chad's Tine by a narrow stream. The latest attack came despite Chad's warnings to the two warring sides and a closure of the border in late February following a previous clash in Tine. Five Chadian soldiers were killed in the attack.
Meanwhile, the attack on border towns also took place along ethnic lines. The majority of the population in towns like Tine is non-Arab Zaghawa. However, the same ethnic group is divided by the Chad-Sudan border and has different positions on the civil war. Ethnic tensions are common in the border towns. The Sudanese Zaghawas support the SAF and have been a major target of the RSF atrocities in Darfur. Additionally, RSF pursues the rival ethnic factions in the border towns into clashes.
2. Nigeria: Increasing violence despite security partnership with the US
The city of Maiduguri is known for the origin of Boko Haram and used to be the epicentre of violence in the mid-2010s. The latest attack on the city is said to be the deadliest attack on the city in years. It also comes as Nigeria battles a recent increase in complex security crises involving several armed groups across the country. Boko Haram, the ISAWP and other armed groups, including bandits, have carried out more than 15 major attacks this year, including the 4 January attack that killed 120 people in Kwara state.
In the backdrop of an increasing security crisis, Nigeria has expanded security cooperation with the US after Trump accused the Nigerian government of failing to protect Christians. The US-Nigeria military cooperation began with the US military strikes against IS-linked groups in Nigeria's Sokoto state in December, in collaboration with the Nigerian government. In February, 100 US military troops arrived in Maiduguri to provide intelligence, military equipment and technical and operational coordination. However, so far, the US-Nigeria security partnership has been unable to control the increasing number of attacks.
What does it mean?
1. Sudan-Chad
The Sudan-Chad border town of Tine is increasingly becoming a hotspot of violence and a symbol of the regional spillover of the Sudanese civil war. The warring sides appear to be exploiting border tensions to gain the upper hand. Besides, Chad has already been accused of being involved in the civil war by supplying the UAE's weapons to the RSF. The increasing tensions highlight that Chad is highly likely to be drawn into Sudan's war.
2. Nigeria
The latest major attack on Maiduguri has increased the fear of the return of peak Boko Haram insurgency in the city, despite the US deployment. Besides Borno, Boko Haram and ISWAP attacks are frequently recorded in other states, including Zamfara, Kaduna, Niger, Katsina, Kwara and Sokoto. It implies that the increase is not only in number but also in geographic spread. While the Nigerian government welcomes US support, there is growing domestic concern about external influence on Nigeria's internal security decisions and US economic and geopolitical interests in the region.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Rohini Reenum is a PhD scholar at NIAS.
Akshath K is a Research Assistant at NIAS.
Brighty Ann Sarah is a Research Assistant at NIAS and is currently pursuing post-graduation at Stella Maris College.
Padmashree Anandan is a Project Associate at NIAS.
Anu Maria Joseph was a Project Associate at NIAS.
Issues in Peace and Conflict This Week
Regional Roundups
Abhimanyu Solanki, Adwitiyo Das, Aishal Yousaf, Akshath K, Brighty Ann Sarah, Glynnis Winona Beschi, Kirsten Wilfred Coelho, Lekshmi MK, R. Preetha, Siddhi Haylur, Sreemaya Nair, Tonica Sharon C, Vani Vaishnavi Jupudi, Vishal Manish M, Yesasvi Koganti
East, South and Southeast Asia
Afghanistan: Pakistani air strikes kill six Afghans near Kandahar
On 13 March, Reuters reported that Pakistan had bombed a fuel depot near the airport of Kandahar. The conflict has only gotten worse since last week, and overnight strikes have affected residential parts of Kabul as well. Six people, including children, have been killed in the attacks. Residents in the capital city noted that many woke up to dust and broken windows and walls. The Taliban led regime’s spokesperson stated that the attack would “not go unanswered.” This incident comes to light despite Beijing's efforts to mediate a peaceful end to the conflict.
Afghanistan: Kabul retaliates against Pakistan airstrikes
On 14 March, The Tribune reported that, quoting the Ministry of Defence in Afghanistan, operations were carried out along the Durand Line in response to Pakistan’s airstrikes. According to the report, the Taliban had claimed that 14 Pakistani soldiers were killed in the attack, while 11 were injured. These moves are said to be a part of the Afghan ‘Reject Oppression’ campaign.
Afghanistan: Taliban claims of Pakistan’s air strikes in Kabul killing more than 400
On 17 March, according to news reports, the Taliban claimed Pakistan’s air strike on Kabul killing more than 400 people, the majority of whom were civilians. Pakistan, however, rejects these claims, stating that the air strikes targeted military and “terrorist infrastructure” and insisting that no civilian sites were hit. The strike comes amid rising hostilities between the two countries, with Pakistan accusing Afghanistan of harbouring militants, particularly the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), which has carried out repeated attacks inside Pakistan.
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Femy Francis
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Akshath Kaimal
Lakshmi Venugopal Menon
Anwesha Ghosh
Ramya B
Himani Pant
S Shaji
Nanda Kishor M S
Adarsh Vijay
Nishchal N Pandey & Mahesh Raj Bhatta
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Ashik J Bonofer
Haans J Freddy
Amrita Jash
Anand V
Shreya Upadhyay
TWTW Special Edition
IPRI Team
Abhimanyu Solanki
Aparna A Nair
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Anu Maria Joseph
Padmashree Anandhan
Brighty Ann Sarah
Akshath Kaimal
Rohini Reenum
Mahesh Bhatta
Global Politics Team
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Siddhi Halyur
Aishal Hab Yousuf
Jayasree
Rebecca Ann Oommen
Manik Dhawan
Santhosh Guru PR
Lekshmi MK
Femy Francis
Padmashree Anandhan
Anu Maria Joseph
Brighty Ann Sarah
Akshath Kaimal
Rohini Reenum
Global Politics Team
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Anu Maria Joseph
Padmashree Anandhan
Tanvi Thara Harendra Jha
Mahesh Bhatta
Sreemaya Nair
Global Politics Team
Mahesh Bhatta
Akshath Kaimal
Yesasvi Koganti
Femy Francis
Rohini Reenum
IPRI Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Akshath Kaimal
D Suba Chandran
IPRI Team
Global Politics Team
Global Politics Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Akshath Kaimal
Abhimanyu Solanki
Global Politics Team
Global Politics Team
Global Politics Team
Global Politics Team
Global Politics Team
Global Politics Team
Global Politics Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Lekshmi MK
Brighty Ann Sarah
Lekshmi MK
Yesasvi Koganti
Lekshmi MK
Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi
Aparna A Nair
Lekshmi MK
Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi
R Preetha
Lekshmi MK
Global Politics Team
IPRI Team
Global Politics Team
Global Politics Team
Lekshmi MK
Femy Francis
Yesasvi Koganti
Akshath Kaimal
Preetha Renganarayanan
Lekshmi MK
Global Politics Team
Nishchal Nath Pandey
IPRI Team
Brighty Ann Sarah
Anu Maria Joseph
Lekshmi MK
Preetha Renganarayanan
Brighty Ann Sarah
Preetha Renganarayanan
Global Politics Team
Brighty Ann Sarah
Anu Maria Joseph
Lekshmi MK
Brighty Ann Sarah
IPRI Team
Lekshmi MK
Anu Maria Joseph
Brighty Ann Sarah
IPRI Team
Global Politics Team
IPRI Team
Global Politics Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Aparna A Nair
Sunidhi Sampige
Lekshmi MK
Lekshmi MK
Akriti Sharma
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
Merin Treesa Alex
Preetha Renganarayanan
Tanvi Thara Harendra Jha
Santhiya M
Brighty Ann Sarah
Preetha Renganarayanan
Brighty Ann Sarah
Rohini Reenum
Lekshmi MK
Swati Sood
Sunidhi Sampige & Tanvi Thara Harendra Jha
Lekshmi MK
Emma Rose Boby
Abhimanyu Solanki
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Aparna A Nair
Brighty Ann Sarah
Rohini Reenum
Akshath Kaimal
Preetha Renganarayanan
Akshath Kaimal
Preetha Renganarayanan
Preetha Renganarayanan
Emma Rose
Rohini Reenum
Lekshmi MK
Tanvi Thara Harendra Jha
Femy Francis
Mahesh Batt
Femy Francis
Rizwana S Banu
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Rohini Reenum
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Sunidhi Sampige
Sunidhi Sampige
Sunidhi Sampige
Santhiya M
Anu Maria Joseph
Lekshmi MK
Anu Maria Joseph
Akshath Kaimal
IPRI Team
Preetha Renganarayanan
Preetha Renganarayanan
Lekshmi MK
Sunidhi Sampige & Tanvi Harendra
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Padmashree Anandhan
Rohini Reenum
Akriti Sharma
IPRI Team
Femy Francis
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
Femy Francis
Anu Maria Joseph
Brighty Ann Sarah
Padmashree Anandhan
R Preetha
Akriti Sharma
GP Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Brighty Ann Sarah
Padmashree Anandhan
Akshath Kaimal
Brighty Ann Sarah
Akriti Sharma
Femy Francis
GP Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Padmashree Anandhan
Rohini Reenum
Brighty Ann Sarah and Preetha R
Anu Maria Joseph
D Suba Chandran
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Neha Tresa George
Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi
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IPRI Team
Rizwana S Banu
IPRI Team
Advik S Mohan
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
Padmashree Anandhan
Santhiya M
Anu Maria Joseph
R Preetha
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Avishka Ashok
Padmashree Anandhan
Anu Maria Joseph
Mahesh Batta
Brighty Ann Sarah and R Preetha
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
R Preetha
Padmashree Anandhan
Brighty Ann Sarah and R Preetha
IPRI Team
Abhimanyu Solanki
Brighty Ann Sarah and R Preetha
Padmashree Anandhan
GP Team
IPRI Team
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
Vani Vyshnavi Jupudi
Brighty Ann Sarah and R Preetha
IPRI Team
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
GP Team
Lekshmi MK
Anu Maria Joseph
Femy Francis
Femy FrancisÂ
R Preetha
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
GP Team
Naomi Miriam MathewÂ
Rohini Reenum
IPRI Team
Brighty Ann Sarah, R Preetha, Santhiya M, Aparna A Nair and M Kejia
Anu Maria Joseph
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
R Preetha
Merin Treesa Alex
Kasvi Batra
Chittrothu Vaihali
IPRI Team
Emma Rose Boby
Fleur Elizabeth Philip
Merin Treesa Alex
Santhiya M
GP Team
Farhaz Rashid Ahmed
Gauri Gupta
GP Team
Brighty Ann Sarah, R Preetha, Santhiya M, Aparna A Nair & M Kejia
IPRI Team
Kumari Gargi, Naomi Miriam Matthew, & Fleur Elizabeth PhilipÂ
Rizwana Banu S and Santhiya M
Lekshmi MK
Gauri Gupta
J Yamini
Santhiya M
Lekshmi MK
GP Team
R Preetha
Ananya Dinesh
IPRI Team
GP Team
Emma Rose Boby
R Preetha
Lekshmi MK
Merin Treesa Alex
Aparna A Nair
Fleur Elizabeth Philip
GP Team
GP Team
Brighty Ann Sarah
Aashish Ganeshan
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
Femy Francis
Gauri Gupta
GP Team
Brighty Ann Sarah and R Preetha
Padmashree Anandhan
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
R Preetha and Brighty Ann Sarah
R Preetha
Nuha Aamina
Emma Rose Boby
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Anu Maria Joseph
C Shraddha
Femy Francis
C Shraddha
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Nova Karun K
IPRI Team
Suchitra Jakkala
Padmashree Anandhan
Santhiya M
Brighty Ann Sarah
C Shraddha
Vaneeta
D Suba Chandran
IPRI Team
C Shraddha
D Suba Chandran
GP Team
Nuha Aamina
D Suba Chandran
Rohini Reenum
Rohini Reenum
South Asia Brief Team
Souparno Rakshit, Emma Rose Boby and Souparnika Suresh
GP Team
South Asia Brief Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Trisha Roy
IPRI Team
Ayan Datta
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
Samruddhi Pathak
Neha Tresa George
IPRI Team
Kumari Krishna
C Shraddha
Kumari Krishna
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Ayan Datta
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
Nupur Priya
C Shraddha, Vaishak Sreekumar, Kumari Krishna, Nova Karun K
IPRI Team
GP Team
PR Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Prajwal TV
Kavithasri M
IPRI Team
Ashna Pathak & Surangana Rajya Laxmi Rana
Anu Maria Joseph
Samruddhi Pathak
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
Abhiruchi Chowdhury
GP Team
Nuha Aamina
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Ayan Datta
S Shaji
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Anu Maria Joseph
Ayan Datta
GP Team
Advik S Mohan
Advik S Mohan
IPRI Team
Rohit Paswan
Padmashree Anandhan
Ayan Datta
Shreya Jagadeesan
Bishwarupa Kar
Saritha VK & Mahesh Mohan
Sruthy
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Advik S Mohan
Neha Tresa George
Samruddhi Pathak
Neha Tresa George
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Ayan Datta
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Sayeka Ghosh
GP Team
Neha Tresa George
Advik S Mohan
Ramya B
Sim V
Pummy Lathigara
Ronakk Tijoriwala
Arya Madhavan S
Ankita Chakra
Rianne Rajath P
GP Team
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
Swagathi Annabel
Bishwarupa Kar
Ayush Bhattacharjee
Shifa Moideen
IPRI Team
Vetriselvi Baskaran
L S Hareesh
Mugdha Chaturvedi
Ayan Datta
Vaneeta
Pummy Lathigara
Ms Ramya
Nivetha B
Leivon Victor Lamkang
Siddhima M
Pranesh Selvaraj
Dhriti Mukherjee
Nandini Khandelwal
Prajwal T V
Ronakk Tijoriwala
Govind Anoop
Shreya Jagadeesan
Rohit Paswan
Nupur Priya
Neha Tresa George
Shilpa Joseph
Vetriselvi Baskaran
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
Dhriti Mukherjee
Rohini Reenum
GP Team
Shilpa Jospeh
Samruddhi Pathak
Sayeka Ghosh
Govind Anoop
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Neha Tresa George
Padmashree Anandhan
Diya Madhavan
GP Team
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Vaneeta
Dhriti Mukherjee
Ashwini Barla
Ayan Datta
Karthik Manoharan
Ramya B
Prajwal T V
IPRI Team
Vaneeta
Sayeka Ghosh
Ayan Datta
Karthik Manoharan
Prajwal TV
Mayank Bharti
Ronakk Tijoriwala
Deepika Seervi
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Anu Maria Joseph
Jerry Franklin A
Anu Maria Joseph
Anu Maria Joseph
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
Prajwal T V
Rohini Reenum
IPRI Team
Vetriselvi Baskaran
Dhriti Mukherjee
IPRI Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Ronakk Tijoriwala
Neha Tresa George
Shilpa Joseph and Ken Varghese
IPRI Team
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
Torunika Roy
GP Team
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
IPRI Team
Mugdha Chaturvedi
Dhriti Mukherjee
By young scholars of NIAS Course on Global Politics: Contemporary World Order and Theories. Compiled by Sayeka Ghosh.
By the NIAS-IPRI Course scholars on Contemporary Conflicts, Peace Processes, Theories and Thinkers. Compiled by Ayan Datta.
Vaneeta
Kavithasri M
Mallika Joseph
Rohini Reenum
Padmashree Anandhan
Tiara Marie Warjri
GP Team
Femy Francis
Akhil Ajith
Dhriti Mukherjee
IPRI Team
D Suba Chandran
Padmashree Anandhan
Femy Francis
Rohini Reenum
Dhriti Mukherjee
D Suba Chandran
Rohini Reenum
Dhriti Mukherjee
NIAS South Asia Team
NIAS South Asia Team
Devi Chandana M
Alka Bala
D Suba Chandran
Rohini Reenum
Dhriti Mukherjee
Rohini Reenum
Dhriti Mukherjee
GP Team
IPRI Team
Lakshmi Karlekar
GP Team
Sayeka Ghosh
IPRI Team
Nupur Priya
GP Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
IPRI Team
Vaneeta
Arya Prasad
Sayeka Ghosh
Alka Bala
Diya Madhavan
IPRI Team
GP Team
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
Ramya B
NIAS South Asia Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Rosemary Kurian
Alka Bala
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
T C A Raghavan
IPRI Team
Karthik Manoharan
Rosemary Kurian
NIAS Africa Team
Manasa G
GP Team
IPRI Team
D Rohan Kumar
LS Hareesh
Ramya B
NIAS South Asia Team
NIAS South Asia Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
Asanga Abeyagoonasekera
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS South Asia Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
NIAS Latin America Team
NIAS South Asia Team
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IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Jerry Franklin A
GP Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree Anandhan, Femy Francis, Rohini Reenum, Akriti Sharma, Akhil Ajith, Shamini Velayutham and Anu Maria Joseph
Alka Bala
IPRI Team
Narmatha S and Anu Maria Jospeh
Alka Bala
Rosemary Kurian
IPRI Team
CEAP Team
GP Team
Femy Francis
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
CEAP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Anu Maria Joseph
GP team
Hoimi Mukherjee
Richa Chandola
Aprajita Kashyap
Shreya Pandey
Binod Khanal
Rishika Yadav
Padmashree Anandhan
Anu Maria Joseph
Nuha Aamina
Alka Bala
Sayani Rana
​​​​​​​Ashok Alex Luke
Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri
Femy Francis
Amit Gupta
Kuri Sravan Kumar
Yogeshwari S
Abhishek Ranjan
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Nithyashree RB
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
Jerry Franklin A
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
PR Team
Amit Gupta
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Akhil Ajith
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
Femy Francis
NIAS Africa Team
Nithyashree RB
Jerry Franklin
GP Team
IPRI Team
PR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Nithyashree RB
PR Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
Rishika Yadav
Sreeja JS
Annem Naga Bindhu Madhuri
GP Team
IPRI Team
PR Team
Prof Joyati Bhattacharya
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Jerry Franklin A
IPRI Team
Dhriti Mukherjee
PR Team
Femy Francis
Shamini Velayutham
Sneha Surendran
PR Team
PR Team
PR Team
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Sneha Surendran
Heribert Dieter
IPRI Team
Nithyashree RB
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Sneha Surendran
Rishika Yadav
Padmashree Anandhan
Jerry Franklin A
Rishika Yadav
GP Team
IPRI Team
Jerry Franklin A
Lakshmi Parimala H
GP Team
Rishika Yadav
IPRI Team
D Suba Chandran
GP Team
Indrani Talukdar
IPRI Team
S Shaji
Jerry Franklin A
Sneha Surendran
Himani Pant
D. Suba Chandran
Ankit Singh
IPRI Team
Rubina Pradhan
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Nithyashree RB
Bibhu Prasad Routray
Devjyoti Saha
NIAS Africa Team
Jerry Franklin A
Anu Maria Joseph
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Lakshmi Parimala
GP Team
IPRI Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Sneha Surendran
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
IPRI Team
Rishika Yadav, Sneha Surendran, Sandra D Costa, Ryan Marcus, Prerana P and Nithyashree RB
GP Team
Harini Madhusudan, Rishika Yada, Sneha Surendran, Prerana P, Sreeja JS and Padmashree Anandhan
GP Team
IPRI Team
Bibhu Prasad Routray
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Jerry Franklin
IPRI Team
Bibhu Prasad Routray
NIAS Africa Team
Jerry Franklin
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
IPRI Team
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
Rishika Yadav, Sreeja JS, Nithyashree RB, and Melvin George
Nithyashree RB
Sreeja JS
Rishika Yadav
Padmashree Anandhan
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Devjyoti Saha
Indrani Talukdar
Debangana Chatterjee
Kasturi Chatterjee
Ankita Dutta
Amrita Purkayastha
GP Team
Lakshmi Parimala H
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
Padmashree Anandhan
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Sourina Bej
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
D Suba Chandran
D Suba Chandran
D Suba Chandran
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
Avishka Ashok
Madhura Mahesh
Padmashree Anandhan
Ankit Singh
Anu Maria Joseph
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Sethuraman Nadarajan
Avishka Ashok
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Allen Joe Mathew, Sayani Rana, Joel Jacob
Ankit Singh
Bhoomika Sesharaj
Madhura Mahesh
Harini Madhusudan
Avishka Ashok
Akriti Sharma
Padmashree Anandhan
Poulomi Mondal
Mohaimeen Khan
Padmashree Anandhan
Madhura Mahesh
Padmashree Anandhan
Janardhan G
Avishka Ashok
Anu Maria Joseph
Apoorva Sudhakar
Rashmi BR
Kaviyadharshini A
Avishka Ashok
Chrishari de Alwis Gunasekare
Aparupa Bhattacherjee
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Vignesh Ram
Sai Pranav
Harini Madhusudan, Rishma Banerjee, Padmashree Anandhan, Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan, and Avishka Ashok
Sourina Bej
Padmashree Anandhan and Rishma Banerjee
Mathew Sonu Simon
Sourina Bej
Rashmi BR and Akriti Sharma
Rashmi Ramesh
Rishma Banerjee
Sai Pranav
Emmanuel Selva Royan
Padmashree Anandhan
Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
Avishka Ashok
Angelin Archana
Shreya Upadhyay
Uma Purushothaman
Debangana Chatterjee
Himani Pant
Sethuraman Nadarajan
Avishka Ashok
GP Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Sourina Bej
Padmashree Anandhan
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Sourina Bej
Padmashree Anandhan
Padmashree Anandhan
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
STIR Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Avishka Ashok
NIAS Africa Team
STIR Team
STIR Team
STIR Team
Emmanuel Selva Royan
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Rishma Banerjee
Rashmi Ramesh
Sourina Bej
S Shaji
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
STIR Team
NIAS Africa Team
Naina Singh
GP Team
Amit Gupta
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
NIAS Africa Team
STIR Team
STIR Team
NIAS Africa Team
GP Team
NIAS Africa Team
Anu Maria Joseph
Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan
Joeana Cera Matthews
NIAS Africa Team
NIAS Africa Team
Joeana Cera MatthewsÂ
Ashwin Immanuel Dhanabalan
STIR Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Mohamad Aseel Ummer
IPRI Team
STIR Team
Shalini Balaiah
Angelin Archana
Prakash Panneerselvam
N Jayaram
S Shaji
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Joeana Cera Matthews
Padmashree Anandhan
Harini Madhusudan
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Sneha M
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
D. Suba Chandran
Ankit Singh
Ankit Singh
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Sneha M
D. Suba Chandran
D. Suba Chandran
Sneha M
Ankit Singh
Apoorva Sudhakar
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Harshita Rathore
GP Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Ankit Singh
Ankit Singh
Sneha M
Vishnu Prasad
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Ankit Singh
Apoorva Sudhakar
Ankit Singh
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Vaishnavi Iyer
Joeana Cera Matthews
Sneha M
Ankit Singh
Apoorva Sudhakar
Ankit Singh
STIR Team
GP Team
Padmashree Anandhan
Joeana Cera MatthewsÂ
Sourina Bej
IPRI Team
D. Suba Chandran
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
D. Suba Chandran
Apoorva Sudhakar
Sneha M
D. Suba Chandran
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
D. Suba Chandran
Ankit Singh
Apoorva Sudhakar
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
D. Suba Chandran
D. Suba Chandran
Chetna Vinay Bhora
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Aswathy Koonampilly
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
Sourina Bej
Harini Madhusudan
Vineeth Daniel Vinoy
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Juan Mary Joseph
Joeana Cera MatthewsÂ
Sukanya Bali
Joeana Cera MatthewsÂ
IPRI Team
Bhuvan Ningania
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Lokendra Sharma
GP Team
IPRI Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Anu Maria Joseph
GP Team
Jeshil J Samuel
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
Keerthana Rajesh Nambiar
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Anu Maria Joseph
Sankalp Gurjar
Apoorva Sudhakar
Lokendra Sharma
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Dincy Adlakha
Dincy Adlakha
Joeana Cera MatthewsÂ
GP Team
IPRI Team
STIR Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
SDP Scholar
GP Team
IPRI Team
Chetna Vinay Bhora
Anju Joseph
GP Team
IPRI Team
SDP Scholars
GP Team
Sarthak Jain
Sourina Bej
Vibha Venugopal
Dincy Adlakha
Udbhav Krishna P
Joeana Cera Matthews
Keerthana Rajesh Nambiar
Julia Mathew
Dhanushaa P
GP Team
IPRI Team
SDP Scholars
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
Apoorva Sudhakar
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
​​​​​​​Rashmi BR
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
V S Ramamurthy and Dinesh K Srivastava
Lokendra Sharma
GP Team
Harini Madhusudan
Apoorva Sudhakar
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
Abigail Miriam Fernandez
Akriti Sharma
Avishka Ashok
Apoorva Sudhakar
Sukanya Bali
IPRI Team
GP Team
IPRI Team
IPRI Team
GP Team
GP Team
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